Uremic Toxins

PREFACE ix
CONTRIBUTORS xi
SECTION 1: UREMIC TOXINS 1
1. Uremic Toxins: An Integrated Overview of Definition andClassification 3
Richard J. Glassock and Shaul G. Massry
2. Classification and a List of Uremic Toxins 13
Nathalie Neirynck, Rita De Smet, Eva Schepers, RaymondVanholder, and Griet Glorieux
3. Analysis of Uremic Toxins with Mass Spectrometry 35
Toshimitsu Niwa
SECTION 2: SELECTED UREMIC TOXINS 51
4. Indoxyl Sulfate 53
Toshimitsu Niwa
5. p-Cresyl Sulfate 77
Anneleen Pletinck, Raymond Vanholder, and Griet Glorieux
6. 3-Carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic Acid 87
Toshimitsu Niwa
7. Phenylacetic Acid 99
Anna Schulz and Joachim Jankowski
8. Homocysteine and Hydrogen Sulfide, Two Opposing Aspects inthe Pathobiology of Sulfur Compounds in Chronic Renal Failure109
Alessandra F. Perna and Diego Ingrosso
9. Guanidino Compounds 125
Sunny Eloot, Griet Glorieux, Peter Paul De Deyn, and RaymondVanholder
10. Asymmetric Dimethylarginine 143
Vladimyr Teplan and Jaroslav Racek
11. Nicotinamide Metabolites 163
Boleslaw Rutkowski and Przemyslaw Rutkowski
12. Dicarbonyls (Glyoxal, Methylglyoxal, and 3-Deoxyglucosone)177
Naila Rabbani and Paul J. Thornalley
13. Glucose Degradation Products in Peritoneal Dialysis193
Monika Pischetsrieder and Sabrina Gensberger
14. Dinucleoside Polyphosphates 209
Joachim Jankowski and Vera Jankowski
15. Parathyroid Hormone 227
Shaul G. Massry and Miroslaw Smogorzewski
16. b2-Microglobulin 249
Suguru Yamamoto, Junichiro James Kazama, Hiroki Maruyama, IchieiNarita, and Fumitake Gejyo
17. Cytokines 259
BjEURorn Anderstam, Bengt Lindholm, and PeterStenvinkel
18. Free Immunoglobulin Light Chains 279
Gerald Cohen and Walter H. HEURorl
19. Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs) 293
Naila Rabbani and Paul J. Thornalley
20. Oxidized Albumin 305
Maurizio Bruschi, Giovanni Candiano, Laura Santucci, and GianMarco Ghiggeri
SECTION 3: THERAPEUTIC REMOVAL OF UREMIC TOXINS 315
21. Therapeutic Removal of Uremic Toxins by Hemodialysis317
Tammy L. Sirich, Pavel Aronov, and Timothy W. Meyer
22. Therapeutic Removal of Uremic Toxins by Peritoneal Dialysis331
Malgorzata Debowska, Elvia Garcya-Lopez, Jacek Waniewski, andBengt Lindholm
23. Therapeutic Removal of Uremic Toxins by Oral Sorbent359
Toshimitsu Niwa
INDEX 373