1 Introduction.- 2 Plan and Program.- 3 Survey of Chemically Defined Cell Groups and Pathways.- Acetylcholine.- Monoamines.- Amino Acids.- Gut-Brain Peptides.- Hypophysiotropic Peptides.- Neurohypophyseal Peptides.- Pro-Opiomelanocortin Derivatives.- Enkephalins.- Dynorphins.- Angiotensin II.- 4 Conclusions and Comments.- 5 'New' Entities in the Central Nervous System: The [Paracrine?] Core and Its Adjuncts.- 6 Classical Neuroanatomy, 'Chemical' Neuroanatomy and Neurobiology: Some Concluding Remarks.- References.