Toxicology of the Nose and Upper Airways

Structure & function in the upper airway Functional anatomy of the upper airway in experimental animals Functional anatomy of the upper airway in humans Functional neuroanatomy of the upper airway in experimental animals Functional neuroanatomy of the human upper airway Mucosal enzymology of the upper airway. Dosimetry & Toxicokinetics of Nasal Exposure Upper airway dosimetry of gases, vapors and particulate matter in experimental animals Upper airway dosimetry of gases and vapors in humans Upper airway dosimetry of particulate matter in humans. Functional & Pathologic Responses and Their Measurement Exposure and recording systems in human studies Biomarkers of nasal toxicity in experimental animals Biomarkers of nasal toxicity in humans Nasal reflexes - including alterations in respiratory behavior - in experimental animals Nasal chemosensory irritation in humans Nasal reflexes in humans Olfactory toxicity in humans and experimental animals Inflammatory conditions of the nose and paranasal sinuses in experimental animals Inflammatory conditions of the nose and paranasal sinuses in humans Chronic tissue changes and carcinogenesis in the upper airway. Responses to Specific Agents Second hand tobacco smoke exposure in humans Chlorine exposure in humans and experimental animals Hydrogen sulfide exposure in experimental animals Sulfur dioxide exposure in humans Exposure to volatile organic compounds in humans. Risk Assessment and Special Topics Benchmark dose and noncancer risk assessment for the upper airways Physico-chemical modeling of sensory irritation in humans and experimental animals Effect of allergic inflammation on irritant responsiveness in the upper airwa