Cameos Old & New (4th Edition)

C o n t e n t s
DEDICATION x
PREFACE TO THE 4TH EDITION xi
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xv
1
THE HISTORY AND ROMANCE
OF THE GLYPTIC ARTS 1
THE EARLIEST ENGRAVINGS 3
CLASSICAL GREECE: FROM SCARABOID TO CAMEO 7
ROMAN CAMEOS 13
THE DARK AND MIDDLE AGES 22
THE RENAISSANCE AND LATER 27
2
THE SUBJECTS: MYTHS, LEGENDS,
HISTORICAL EVENTS,AND STORIES
BEHIND THE JEWELS 37
MYTHS AND LEGENDS 38
DECIPHERING CUPIDS, CHERUBS, PUTTI, AND PSYCHE 49
SYMBOLS 53
PORTRAITS 55
HISTORICAL EVENTS AND STORIES BEHIND THE JEWELS 56
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3
CAMEO PRODUCTION 62
TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES 62
MATERIALS 79
THE REEMERGENCE OF COLORED GEMSTONES
AND NEW CAMEO MATERIALS 84
CARVING CENTERS AND RENOWNED CARVERS 117
4
DISTINGUISHING OLD
AND NEW CAMEOS 130
CIRCA-DATING CAMEOS 131
UNCOVERING INTENTIONAL CAMEO FAKES, FRAUDS, AND FORGERIES 155
5
ALTERNATE CAMEO MATERIALS
AND CAMEO IMITATORS 171
MOUNT VESUVIUS LAVA-THE ITALIAN CAMEO STONE 171
GLASS CAMEOS 173
CAMEO GLASS 178
TASSIE GLASS 181
WEDGWOOD 182
SULPHIDES 185
CAMEO WAX PORTRAITS 185
PLASTER OF PARIS AND SULPHUR CASTS 187
PLASTIC CAMEOS 191
POLYMER CLAY CAMEOS 192
RESIN-MADE CAMEOS 192
POURED OR MOLDED CAMEOS 193
OTHER CAMEO MATERIALS OLD AND NEW 194
CONTENTS
vi
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APPRECIATING CAMEOS AS ART 198
EVALUATING THE AUTHENTICITY OF A CAMEO 200
SECURING A PROPER APPRAISAL FOR A CAMEO 206
ELEMENTS OF VALUE 216
7
BUILDING A CAMEO COLLECTION 226
WHY DOES ANYONE COLLECT ANYTHING? 226
BUYING AND SELLING CAMEOS 231
CAMEOS AS INVESTMENT GEMS 240
CARE AND CONSERVATION OF CAMEOS 242
8
GREAT AND HISTORIC COLLECTIONS 248
HISTORY BEING CARVED TODAY 267
9
CAMEO ARTISTRY 272
KEEPING THE ART ALIVE IN THE UNITED STATES 272
KEEPING THE ART ALIVE IN GERMANY 282
KEEPING THE ART ALIVE IN PANAMA 294
KEEPING THE ART ALIVE IN RUSSIA 297
KEEPING THE ART ALIVE IN ITALY 298
KEEPING THE ART ALIVE IN TURKEY 300
CONTENTS
vii
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THE MARKETS FOR BUYING CAMEOS 305
BUYING AT AUCTION 305
BUYING FROM AN ANTIQUE DEALER 317
BUYING NEW CAMEOS FROM THE RETAIL JEWELER 332
BUYING CAMEOS VIA THE INTERNET 333
BUYING CAMEOS VIA THE TV 344
11
THE FUTURE OF THE CAMEO 346
ESTIMATING CAMEO VALUE: QUALITY RANKING CAMEOS 355
CHRONOLOGY OF ENGRAVED STONES
AND CAMEOS IN EUROPE 361
GLOSSARY OF GLYPTIC-ART AND JEWELRY TERMS 365
SUGGESTED READINGS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY