Pediatric Sedation Outside of the Operating Room

Part I. Pediatric Sedation Outside the Operating Room.- 1. The History of Sedation.- 2. Sedation Policies, Recommendations and Guidelines Across the Specialties and Continents.- 3. Procedural Sedation: Let's Review the Basics.- 4. The Pre-Sedation Assessment and Implications on Management.- 5. Sedation Scales and Discharge Criteria: How Do They Differ? Which One to Choose? Do They Really Apply to Sedation?.- 6. Physiological Monitoring for Procedural Sedation: The Routine and Beyond.- 7. The Pediatric Airway: Anatomy, Challenges and Solutions.- 8. Pediatric Physiology: How Does It Differ from Adults?.- 9. The Pharmacology and Clinical Application of Sedatives, Analgesics, and Adjuncts.- 10. Sedatives: Effects on Memory and Amnesia.- 11. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in the Pediatric Population.- 12. Billing and Reimbursement for Sedation Services in the United States.- Part II. Sedation Models Delivered by Different Specialties: A Global Voyage.- 13. The Pediatric Hospital Medicine Service: Models, Protocols and Challenges.- 14. The Anesthesia Directed Sedation Service: Models, Protocols and Challenges.- 15. Sedation in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: International Practice.- 16. Sedation in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: Challenges, Outcomes and Future Strategies in the United States.- 17. Sedation in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: Current Practice in Europe.- 18. Sedation for Pediatric Gastrointestinal Procedures.- 19. Sedation in the Emergency Department: A Complex and Multifactorial Challenge.- 20. Sedation of Pediatric Patients for Dental Procedures: The United States, European and South American Experience.- 21. Pediatric Sedation: The European Experience and Approach.- 22. Pediatric Sedation: The South American Approach.- 23. Pediatric Sedation: The Asian Approach - Current State of Sedation in China.- 24. Pediatric Sedation: The South Pacific Approach.- 25. Pediatric Sedation in the Underdeveloped Third World - An African Perspective: Models, Protocols and Challenges.- Part III. Safety in Sedation.- 26. Pediatric Sedatives and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA): Challenges, Limitations and Drugs in Development.- 27. Is there Evidence for Long-term Neurocognitive Effects of Sedatives?.- 28. Incidence and Stratification of Adverse Events Associated with Sedation: Is there a Benchmark?.- 29. Medicolegal Risks and Outcomes of Sedation.- 30. Improving the Safety of Pediatric Sedation - Human Error, Technology and Clinical Microsystems.- Part IV. Sedation into the 22nd Century.- 31. Intravenous Infusions for Sedation: Rationale, State of the Art and Future Trends.- 32. Usage of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Pediatric Sedation.- 33. Pediatric Research: Designing, Implementing, and Interpreting Strong Trials.- 34. Non-pharmacological Distraction Techniques as Sedation Adjunct.- 35. The Role of Simulation in Safety and Training.- 36. Michael Jackson: Medical Ethics and What Went Wrong.- 37. Ethics and Clinical Aspects of Palliative Sedation in the Terminally Ill Child.- 38. Future of Pediatric Sedation.