Physiology of Calcium Homeostasis: An OverviewPathophysiology of HypercalcemiaSporadic Primary HyperparathyroidismNontraditional Aspects of Sporadic Primary HyperparathyroidismTertiary and Postrenal Transplantation HyperparathyroidismHereditary Primary HyperparathyroidismParathyroid Carcinoma and Ectopic Secretion of Parathyroid hormoneEndocrine Disorders with Parathyroid Hormone-Independent HypercalcemiaHypercalcemia of MalignancyVitamin D-dependent HypercalcemiaDrug-Related HypercalcemiaHypercalcemia in PregnancyRare Causes of HypercalcemiaTreatment of Hypercalcemia of Malignancy