Heterocycles in Natural Product Synthesis

Preface

PART I: Strained Heterocycles in the Synthesis of Natural Products

AZIRIDINES IN NATURAL PRODUCT SYNTHESIS
Introduction
Synthesis of Natural Products Containing Aziridine Units
Synthesis of Natural Products Involving the Transformation of an Aziridine Moiety
Conclusions

AZETIDIINE AND ITS DERIVATIVES
Introduction
Structural Description of Azetidines
Synthetic Methodologies for the Formation of Azetidine Rings
Synthesis of Mugineic Acids
Synthesis of Penaresidins
Structural Description of Azetidin-2-ones
Synthetic Methodologies for the Formation of Azetidin-2-ones
Synthesis of Penicillin
Synthesis of Cephalosporin
Conclusion

EPOXIDES AND OXETANES
Introduction
Epoxides in Natural Product Synthesis
Oxetane in Natural Product Synthesis
Conclusion

PART II: Common Ring Heterocycles in Natural Product Synthesis

FURAN AND ITS DERIVATIVES
Introduction
Natural Products Containing the Furan Ring
Furan Derivatives as Reagents in the Synthesis of Natural Products
Summary

PYRAN AND ITS DERIVATIVES
Introduction
Application of Pyran Moieties in the Synthesis of Natural Products
Conclusion

PYRROLE AND ITS DERIVATIVES
Introduction
Synthesis of Pyrrole Natural Products
Synthesis of Non-pyrrole Natural Products from Pyrrole Derivatives
Conclusion

INDOLES AND INDOLIZIDINES
Introduction
Applications of Indoles and Indolizidines in the Synthesis of Natural Products
Conclusion

PYRIDINE AND ITS DERIVATIVES
Introduction
Application of the Pyridine Moiety in the Synthesis of Natural Products
Conclusion

QUINOLINES AND ISOQUINOLINES
Introduction
Application of Quinolines and Isoquinolines in the Synthesis of Natural Products
Conclusion

CARBAZOLES AND ACRIDINES
Introduction to Carbazoles
Total Synthesis of Carbazole Alkaloids
Introduction to Acridines
Synthesis of Acridines and Acridones

THIOPHENE AND OTHER SULFUR HETEROCYCLES
Introduction
Synthesis of Natural Products Containing Thiophene
Synthesis of Natural Products Containing Other Sulfur Heterocycles
Conclusion

OXAZOLE AND ITS DERIVATIVES
Introduction
Mono-Oxazoles
Unconnected Bis- and Tris-Oxazoles
Cyclic Polyheterocyclic Metabolites Containing Single Oxazole Residues
Conjugated Bis-Oxazoles
Tris- and Poly-Oxazoles

THIAZOLINE AND THIAZOLE AND THEIR DERIVATIVES
Introduction
General Methods for the Synthesis of Thiazoline and Thiazole Derivatives
Thiazole and Thiazoline-Containing Natural Products
Conclusions

PYRIMIDINE AND IMIDAZOLE
General Introduction
Pyrimidine-Based Natural Products
Imidazole-Based Natural Products
Conclusion

PART III: Natural Products Containing Medium and Large Ring-Sized Heterocyclic Systems

OXEPINES AND AZEPINES
Introduction
Synthesis of the Heterocyclic Core of Selected Natural Products Containing Oxepines
Synthesis of the Heterocyclic Core of Selected Natural Products Containing Azepines
Synthesis of the Heterocyclic Core of Selected Natural Products Containing Oxazapines
Conclusion

BIOACTIVE MACROCYCLIC NATURAL PRODUCTS
General
Natural Products Containing Azoles
Pyridine- and Piperidine-Containing Natural Products
Indole- and Imidazole-Containing Natural Products
Pyran- and Furan-Containing Natural Products
Piperazic Acid-Containing Natural Products
Mixed Heterocyclic Systems
Conclusions