Introduction to solid sample pretreatment. Analytical freeze-drying. Analytical uses of ultrasounds. Solid sample treatments involving the removal of volatile species. Microwave-assisted solid sample treatment. High-pressure, high-temperature solvent extraction. Analytical supercritical fluid extraction. Devices for solid sample treatment prior to introduction into atomic spectrometers: electrothermal devices and glow-discharge sources. Laser-assisted solid sampling. Robotic solid sample pretreatment.
