Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems

Part I: Introduction.- 1. Mesophotic coral ecosystems: Introduction and Overview.- Part II: Regional Variation in Mesophotic Corarl Ecosystems.- 2. Bermuda.- 3. The Bahamas and Cayman Islands.- 4. Pulley Ridge, Gulf of Mexico, U.S.A..- 5. The Mesoamerican Reef.- 6. Discovery Bay, Jamaica.- 7. Puerto Rico.- 8. The United States Virgin Islands.- 9. Bonaire and Curaçao.- 10. Brazil.- 11. The Red Sea.- 12. The Chagos Archipelago.- 13. Ryukyus Islands, Japan.- 14. Taiwan.- 15. The Philippines.- 16. Palau.- 17. Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia.- 18. Papua New Guinea.- 19. North West Australia.- 20. The Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea.- 21. Fiji. -22. American Samoa. -23. Cook Islands.- 24. French Polynesia.- 25. The Hawaiian Archipelago.- 26. Isla del Coco, Costa Rica, Eastern Tropical Pacific.- 27. Chile and Salas y Gómez Ridge.- Part III: Environments, Biodiversity, and Ecology of Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems. - 28. The mesophotic coral microbial biosphere.- 29. Macroalgae.- 30. Symbiodinium genetic diversity and symbiosis with hosts from shallow to mesophotic coral ecosystems.- 31. Large benthic foraminifera in low-light environments.- 32. Sponges.- 33. Biodiversity of reef-building, scleractinian corals.- 34. Reef-building corals of the upper mesophotic zone of the central Indo-west.- Pacific.- 35. Sexual reproduction of scleractinian corals in mesophotic coral ecosystems vs. shallow reefs. -36. Coral sclerochronology: similarities and differences in the coral isotopic signatures between mesophotic and shallow reefs.- 37. Antipatharians of the mesophotic zone: four case studies.- 38. Octocorals of the Indo-Pacific.- 39. Gorgonian corals.- 40. Fishes: Biodiversity.- 41. Disease problems.- 42. Light, temperature, photosynthesis, heterotrophy, and the lower depth.- limits of mesophotic coral ecosystems.- 43. Bioerosion.- 44. Geology and geomorphology.- Part IV: Are Shallow and Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems Connected?.- 45.Beyond the 'deep reef refuge' hypothesis: a conceptual framework to characterize persistence at depth.- 46. Coral ecosystem connectivity between Pulley Ridge and the Florida Keys.- Part V: Conservation, Management, and Threats to Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems.- 47. Disturbance in mesophotic coral ecosystems nd linkages to conservation and management.- 48. Invasive lionfish ( Pterois volitans and P. miles ): distribution, impact, and Management.- 49. Ecosystem Services of mesophotic coral reefs and a call for better accounting.- Part VI: Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems Research: Technologies and Future Directions.- 50. Advanced Technical Diving.- 51. Underwater robotic technology for imaging mesophotic coral ecosystems.- 52. Key questions for research and conservation of mesophotic coral ecosystems and temperate mesophotic ecosystems.