In Search of the Physical Basis of Life

I. Opposing Concepts in Cell Physiology: History and Background.- 1. The Early History of Cell Physiology.- 2. Evolution of the Membrane and Bulk Phase Theories.- 3. The Emergence of the Steady-State Membrane Pump Concept.- 4. The Reemergence of the Bulk Phase Theories.- 5. Experimental Tests of the Alternative Theories.- II. The Association-Induction Hypothesis.- 6. The Association-Induction Hypothesis I. Association of Ions and Water with Macromolecules.- 7. The Association-Induction Hypothesis II. The Inductive Effect and the Control of Physiological Activities.- 8. The Physical State of K+ and Na+ in Living Cells.- 9. The Physical State of Water in Living Cells.- 10. ATP and the Source of Energy for Biological Work Performance.- III. Applications of the Association-Induction Hypothesis to Traditional Problems in Cell Physiology.- 11. Selective Distribution of Ions, Sugars, and Free Amino Acids.- 12. Permeability.- 13. Swelling, Shrinkage, and Volume Control of Living Cells.- 14. Electrical Potentials.- IV. A Reevaluation of Current Concepts in Physiology and Biochemistry.- 15. Oxidative Phosphorylation, ATP Synthesis, and Other Aspects of Mitochondrial Physiology.- 16. Muscle Contraction and Related Phenomena.- 17. Active Transport across Intestinal Epithelia and Other Bifacial Cell Systems.- V. A Tentative Approach to Some Unsolved Problems in Biology and Medicine.- 18. The Control of Protein Synthesis.- 19. Growth and Differentiation.- 20. Cancer.- Appendixes.- A. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.- A.1. NMR Relaxation Time, Tx.- A.2. Proton Resonance Spectrum, Linewidth, and T2.- A.2.1. Chemical Shift.- A.2.2. Linewidth and T2.- A.3. The Relation of Tx and T2 to the Rotational Correlation Time, Tc.- A.4. Orientation-Dependent Doublet Structure on NMR Spectral Line Shape.- B. Infrared and Raman Spectra.- References.- Abbreviations.- Notation List.