Historical Perspective. Addiction-Food, Alcohol, and Caffeine. Aggression, Anger, Hostility, and Violence. Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Genetics, Nutrition, and Inherited Disorders of Metabolism. Intellect, Cognition, and Dementia. Mood Disorders: Depression, Bipolar Disorder, and Suicide. Schizophrenia. Starvation, Eating Disorders, Craving, Dieting, and Bariatric Surgery. Quality of Life, Well-Being, and Stress. Additional Links between Mental Status and Nutritional Status. Conclusions and Recommendations.