Plant Factory

Part 1: Overview and concept of closed plant production system (CPPS)1. Introduction2. Role of the plant factory with artificial lighting (PFAL) in urban areas3. PFAL business and R&D in Asia and North America: Status and perspectives4. Vertical farming in Europe: Present status and outlook5. Plant factory as a resource-efficient closed plant production system6. Micro- and mini-PFALs for improving the quality of life in urban areas7. Rooftop plant production systems in urban areas Part 2: Basics of physics and physiology - Environments and their effects8. Light sources9. Plant responses to light10. LED advancements for plant-factory artificial lighting11. Physical environmental factors and their properties12. Photosynthesis and respiration13. Growth, development, transpiration, and translocation as affected by abiotic environmental factors14. Nutrition and nutrient uptake in soilless culture systems15. Tipburn16. Functional components in leafy vegetables17. Medicinal components18. Production of pharmaceuticals in a specially designed plant factory Part 3: System design, construction, cultivation and management19. Plant production process, floor plan, and layout of PFAL20. Hydroponic systems21. Seeding, seedling production and transplanting22. Transplant production in closed systems23. Photoautotrophic micropropagation24. Biological factor management25. Design and management of PFALs26. Automated technology in plant factories with artificial lighting27. Life cycle assessment28. Education, training, and business workshops and forums on plant factories Part 4: PFALs in operation and its perspectives29. Selected PFALs in the United States, the Netherlands, and China30. Selected PFALs in Japan31. Representative plant factories in Taiwan32. Challenges for the next-generation PFALs33. Conclusions: Resource-saving and resource-consuming characteristics of PFALs