Metal-Fluorocarbon Based Energetic Materials

INTRODUCTION TO PYROLANTS

HISTORY
Organometallic Beginning
Explosive & Obscurant Properties
Rise of Fluorocarbons
Rockets Fired Against Aircraft
Metal/Fluorocarbon Pyrolants

PROPERTIES OF FLUOROCARBONS
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE)
Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF)
Polycarbon Monofluoride (PMF)
Vinylidene Fluoride - Hexafluoropropene Copolymer
Vinylidene Fluoride - Chlorotrifluoroethylene Copolymer
Copolymer of TFE and VDF
Terpolymers of FE, HFP and VDF
Summary of Chemical and Physical Properties of Common Fluoropolymers

THERMOCHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF METALS AND THEIR FLUORIDES

REACTIVITY AND THERMOCHEMISTRY OF SELECTED METAL/FLUORCARBON SYSTEMS
Lithium
Magnesium
Titanium
Zirconium
Hafnium
Niob
Tantalum
Zinc
Cadmium
Boron
Aluminium
Silicon
Calcium Silicide
Tin

IGNITION AND COMBUSTION MECHANISM OF MTV
Ignition and Pre-Ignition of Metal/Fluorocarbon Pyrolants
Magnesium-Grignard Hypothesis

IGNITION OF MTV

COMBUSTION
Magnesium/Teflon/Viton
Porosity
Burn Rate Description
Combustion of Metal-Fluorocarbon Pyrolants with Fuels Other than Magnesium
Underwater Combustion

SPECTROSCOPY
Introduction
UV-VIS Spectra
MWIR Spectra
Temperature Determination

INFRARED EMITTERS
Decoy Flares
Nonexpendable Flares
Metal-Fluorocarbon Flare Combustion Flames as Sources of Radiation
Infrared Compositions
Operational Effects
Outlook

OBSCURANTS
Introduction
Metal-Fluorocarbon Reactions in Aerosol Generation

IGNITERS

INCENDIARIES, AGENT DEFEAT, REACTIVE FRAGMENTS AND DETONATION PHENOMENA
Incendiaries
Curable Fluorocarbon Resin-Based Compositions
Document Destruction
Agent Defeat
Reactive Fragments
Shockwave Loading of Metal-Fluorocarbons and Detonation-Like Phenomena

MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS
Submerged Applications
Mine-Disposal Torch
Stored Chemical Energy
Tracers
Propellants

SELF-PROPAGATING HIGH-TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS
Introduction
Magnesium
Silicon and Silicides

VAPOUR-DEPOSITED MATERIALS

AGEING

MANUFACTURE
Introduction
Treatment of Metal Powder
Mixing
Pressing
Cutting
Priming
Miscellaneous
Accidents and Process Safety

SENSITIVITY
Introduction
Impact Sensitivity
Friction and Shear Sensitivity
Thermal Sensitivity
ESD Sensitivity
Insensitive Munitions Testing
Hazards Posed by Loose In-Process MTV Crumb and TNT

TOXIC COMBUSTION PRODUCTS
MTV Flare Composition
Obscurrant Formulations
Fluorine Compounds

OUTLOOK