Design Optimization of Fluid Machinery

Name: Design Optimization of Fluid Machinery | Applying Computational Fluid Dynamics and Numerical Optimization
Brand: Wiley
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Applying Computational Fluid Dynamics and Numerical Optimization

Kwang-Yong Kim Abdus Samad Ernesto Benini(Autor*in)

Wiley (Verlag)

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Erschienen am 11. Januar 2019

312 Seiten

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Inhalt

Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Contents
Preface
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Fluid Machinery: Classification and Characteristics
1.3 Analysis of Fluid Machinery
1.4 Design of Fluid Machinery
1.4.1 Design Requirements
1.4.2 Determination of Meanline Parameters
1.4.3 Meanline Analysis
1.4.4 3D Blade Design
1.4.5 Quasi 3D Through-Flow Analysis
1.4.6 Full 3D Flow Analysis
1.4.7 Design Optimization
1.5 Design Optimization of Turbomachinery
References
Chapter 2 Fluid Mechanics and Computational Fluid Dynamics
2.1 Basic Fluid Mechanics
2.1.1 Introduction
2.1.2 Classification of Fluid Flow
2.1.2.1 Based on Viscosity
2.1.2.2 Based on Compressibility
2.1.2.3 Based on Flow Speed (Mach Number)
2.1.2.4 Based on Flow Regime
2.1.2.5 Based on Number of Phases
2.1.3 One-, Two-, and Three-Dimensional Flows
2.1.3.1 One-Dimensional Flow
2.1.3.2 Two- and Three-Dimensional Flow
2.1.4 External Fluid Flow
2.1.5 The Boundary Layer
2.1.5.1 Transition from Laminar to Turbulent Flow
2.2 Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
2.2.1 CFD and its Application in Turbomachinery
2.2.1.1 Advantages of Using CFD
2.2.1.2 Limitations of CFD in Turbomachinery
2.2.2 Basic Steps Involved in CFD Analysis
2.2.2.1 Problem Statement
2.2.2.2 Mathematical Model
2.2.3 Governing Equations
2.2.3.1 Mass Conservation
2.2.3.2 Momentum Conservation
2.2.3.3 Energy Conservation
2.2.4 Turbulence Modeling
2.2.4.1 What is Turbulence?
2.2.4.2 Need for Turbulence Modeling
2.2.4.3 Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations
2.2.4.4 Turbulence Closure Models
2.2.4.5 Large Eddy Simulation (LES)
2.2.4.6 Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS)
2.2.5 Boundary Conditions
2.2.5.1 Inlet/Outlet Boundary Conditions
2.2.5.2 Wall Boundary Conditions
2.2.5.3 Periodic/Cyclic Boundary Conditions
2.2.5.4 Symmetry Boundary Conditions
2.2.6 Moving Reference Frame (MRF)
2.2.7 Verification and Validation
2.2.8 Commercial CFD Software
2.2.9 Open Source Codes
2.2.9.1 OpenFOAM
References
Chapter 3 Optimization Methodology
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Engineering Optimization Definition
3.1.2 Design Space
3.1.3 Design Variables and Objectives
3.1.4 Optimization Procedure
3.1.5 Search Algorithm
3.2 Multi-Objective Optimization (MOO)
3.2.1 Weighted Sum Approach
3.2.2 Pareto-Optimal Front
3.3 Constrained, Unconstrained, and Discrete Optimization
3.3.1 Constrained Optimization
3.3.2 Unconstrained Optimization
3.3.3 Discrete Optimization
3.4 Surrogate Modeling
3.4.1 Overview
3.4.2 Optimization Procedure
3.4.3 Surrogate Modeling Approach
3.4.3.1 Response Surface Approximation (RSA) Model
3.4.3.2 Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Model
3.4.3.3 Kriging Model (KRG) Model
3.4.3.4 PRESS-Based-Averaging (PBA) Model
3.4.3.5 Simple Average (SA) Model
3.5 Error Estimation
3.5.1 General Errors When Simulating and Optimizing a Turbomachinery System
3.5.2 Error Estimation in Surrogate Modeling
3.5.3 Sensitivity Analysis
3.5.3.1 Number of Variables and Performance Improvement
3.5.3.2 Example of Sensitivity Analysis
3.6 Sampling Technique
3.6.1 Sampling
3.6.2 Sample Size
3.6.3 Design Space
3.6.4 Dimensionality Curse
3.6.5 Design of Experiments (DOE)
3.6.6 Full Factorial Design
3.6.7 Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS)
3.7 Optimizers
3.8 Multidisciplinary Design Optimization
3.8.1 What is Multidisciplinary Optimization?
3.8.2 Gradient-Based Methods
3.8.3 Non-Gradient-Based Methods
3.8.4 Recent MDO Methods
3.9 Inverse Design
3.9.1 Inverse Design versus Direct Design
3.9.2 Direct Design Optimization with CFD
3.9.3 Inverse Design Optimization with CFD
3.10 Automated Optimization
3.10.1 Coupling Method with Adjoint CFD
3.10.2 Case Studies
3.10.2.1 CFD-Based Design Automated Design Optimization for Hydro Turbines
3.10.2.2 AO with OPAL++
3.10.2.3 PADRAM: Parametric Design and Rapid Meshing System for Turbomachinery Optimization
3.10.2.4 Problems of AO
3.11 Conclusions
References
Chapter 4 Optimization of Industrial Fluid Machinery
4.1 Pumps
4.1.1 Centrifugal, Mixed-Flow, and Axial-Flow Pumps
4.1.1.1 Centrifugal (or Radial) Pumps
4.1.1.2 Mixed-Flow and Axial-Flow Pumps
4.1.2 Parametric Shape Models and Flow Solvers for Pump Optimization
4.1.2.1 1D Models
4.1.2.2 2D Models
4.1.2.3 3D Models
4.2 Compressors and Turbines
4.2.1 Axial, Radial, Multistage Compressors
4.2.2 Parametric Shape Models and Flow Solvers for Axial Compressor Optimization
4.2.2.1 1D Models
4.2.2.2 2D Models
4.2.2.3 Advanced Throughflow Design Techniques (2D)
4.2.2.4 Streamline Curvature Methods
4.2.2.5 Advanced Cascade Design Techniques (2D/Quasi-3D)
4.2.2.6 Geometry Definition and Parameterization
4.2.2.7 Flow Solvers
4.2.2.8 3D Methods
4.2.3 Radial Compressor Optimization
4.2.3.1 3D Models
4.2.3.2 CFD Analysis
4.2.3.3 Multi-Objective Optimization Problem and Results
4.2.4 Turbines
4.2.4.1 Axial-Flow Turbines
4.2.4.2 Outflow and Inflow Turbines
4.2.4.3 Axial 1D
4.2.4.4 Case Study: Multi-Point Optimization of an Axial Turbine Stage
4.2.4.5 Axial 2D
4.2.4.6 CFD Models: Implementation and Validation
4.2.4.7 Case Study: Description, Geometry Parametrization, and Meshing
4.2.4.8 Results
4.2.4.9 RSM
4.2.4.10 SQP
4.3 Fans
4.3.1 Centrifugal, Axial-Flow, Mixed-Flow, and Cross-Flow Fans
4.3.1.1 Axial-Flow Fans
4.3.1.2 Centrifugal Fans
4.3.1.3 Mixed-Flow Fans
4.3.1.4 Cross-Flow Fans
4.3.2 Fan Pressure, Efficiency, and Laws
4.3.3 Aerodynamic Analysis of Fans
4.3.3.1 Axial-Flow Fans
4.3.3.2 Centrifugal Fans
4.3.4 Optimization Problems and Algorithms Used for Fan Optimization
4.3.4.1 Axial-Flow Fans
4.3.4.2 Axial-Flow Fans
4.3.4.3 Centrifugal Fans
4.4 Hydraulic Turbines
4.4.1 Introduction
4.4.2 Cavitation in Hydraulic Turbines
4.4.3 Analysis of Hydraulic Turbines
4.4.3.1 Francis Turbines
4.4.3.2 Kaplan Turbines
4.4.3.3 Pump-Turbines
4.4.4 Optimization of Hydraulic Turbines
4.4.4.1 Kaplan Turbines
4.4.4.2 Francis Turbines
4.4.4.3 Draft Tubes and Others
4.4.4.4 Pump-Turbines
4.5 Others
4.5.1 Regenerative Blowers
4.5.2 Others
References
Chapter 5 Optimization of Fluid Machinery for Renewable Energy Systems
5.1 Wind Energy
5.1.1 Optimization of Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbines
5.1.2 Blade Element Methods
5.1.3 Turbine Parameterization
5.1.4 Strategies for Rotor Optimization
5.2 Ocean Energy
5.2.1 Temperature Gradients
5.2.2 Tides and Tidal Currents
5.2.3 Salinity Gradients
5.2.4 Waves
5.3 Energy Extraction from Ocean Waves
5.4 Oscillating Water Column (OWC)
5.4.1 Fixed-Structure OWC
5.4.2 Floating-Structure OWC
5.5 Classification of Turbines
5.5.1 Wells Turbine
5.5.2 Impulse Turbine
5.6 Optimization of Air Turbines
References
Nomenclature
Index
EULA

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