Part 1. Background to the Study 1. Introduction 2. The Middle Class in Industrial Society: a Case of Proletarianization? 3. Overview: the Growth of the Civil Service Part 2. The Empirical Study 4. The Market Situation of Civil Servants I: Income 5. The Market Situation of Civil Servants II: Social Origins 6. Work Situation: the Extent of Bureaucratization and Mechanization in the Civil Service 7. The Industrial Behaviour of Civil Servants Part 3. Conclusions 8. Summary of Key Problems and Main Findings 9. Theoretical Issues and Considerations. Appendix 1: Salaries of Clerical, Executive and Administrative Civil Servants, 1931-78 Appendix 2: Salaries of Scientific Civil Servants, 1958-78 Appendix 3: Salaries of Selected Occupations, 1930-78