The Last Language on Earth

Maps Acknowledgments A Note on Terminology Prologue Chapter One: Introduction What this Book is About What Pinay Understood About Language A Language Forgotten, a Language Foretold PART I: Locating the Eskaya Chapter Two: Language, Literacy and Revolt in the Southern Philippines Pre-contact Visayan Literacy The 'Problem' of Language Diversity in the Colonial and Early Commonwealth periods (1593-1937) Shamanic Rebellion and Indigenous Outlaws in Bohol (1621-1829) Enter the Eskaya (1902-1937) Chapter Three: Contact and Controversy First Contact Media Institutional Tribehood A Formal Alliance and a Lost Report Eskaya Responses and a New Research Agenda PART II: Language, Letters, Literature Chapter Four: How Eskayan is Used Today Bohol in the Visayas Language use in Bohol A picture of the Fieldsite The Spoken and Sung Somains of Eskayan The Written Domains of Eskayan and Ideologies of Writing Chapter Five: The Writing System Writing Eskayan Sounds Numbers Script The Past and Future of Eskayan writing Chapter Six: Words and Their Origins Eskayan Grammar The Lexicon Sources of Inspiration Pinay's Lexical Agenda Chapter Seven: Eskaya Literature and Traditional Historiography The Origins and Scope of Eskaya literature Language History in Eskaya Literature: A Summary and Analysis Discussion PART III: Insurrection and Resurrection Chapter Eight: From Pinay to Mariano Datahan (and Back Again) Datahan and the Origins of the Biabas Encampment The Return of Militant Cults 1902-1922 Accommodation with the US Regime ca. 1914-1937 Datahan's Final War and Posthumous legacy Chapter Nine: Eskayan Revealed: A Scenario The Rise of English in Bohol as a Catalyst for Eskayan How Pinay's Language was Revealed Prophecy, Prolepsis and Time Depth Summary Chapter Ten: Conclusion: The First Language and the Last Word Imagining Indigeneity from Above: The View from the Helicopter The Form of Eskayan and the Identity of Pinay Imagining Indigeneity from Below: The View from the Village Regional Parallels The (Re)invention of Linguistic Tradition The Future of Eskayan References Glossary of Eskayan Terms Used in this Volume Index