How to Find a Habitable Planet

Name: How to Find a Habitable Planet
Brand: Princeton University Press
Price: 29.99 EUR
Availability: OnlineOnly

James F. Kasting(Autor*in)

Princeton University Press

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 7. Dezember 2021

352 Seiten

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Inhalt

Cover Page
Half-title Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication Page
Contents
Preface
Part I: Introduction
Chapter 1: Past Thinking about Earth-Like Planets and Life
The Habitable Zone and the Importance of Liquid Water
Carl Sagan and the Drake Equation
Other Perspectives on Planetary Habitability: Rare Earth and Gaia
Part II: Our Habitable Planet Earth
Chapter 2: Critical Updates on How Planets Are Built
The Conventional Wisdom regarding Planet Formation
Where Did Earth's Water Come From?
New Models for Planetary Accretion and Delivery of Water
Could Earth's Water Have Come from Comets?
An Up-to-Date Simulation of Planetary Accretion
Chapter 3: Long-Term Climate Stability
Solar Evolution Theory
Solar Mass Loss?
Electromagnetic Radiation and the Greenhouse Effect
Planetary Energy Balance
The Faint Young Sun Problem
Possible Solutions to the Problem
The Carbonate- Silicate Cycle and Controls on Atmospheric CO2
The CO2-Climate Feedback Loop
Chapter 4: More Wrinkles in Earth's Climate History
The Phanerozoic Climate Record
Precambrian Climate
Geologic Evidence for the Rise of Atmospheric O2
Cause of the O2 Rise: Cyanobacteria
Methane, Methanogens, and the Universal Tree of Life
The Archean Methane Greenhouse
The Paleoproterozoic Glaciation
Chapter 5: Runaway Glaciation and "Snowball Earth"
Milankovitch Cycles and the Recent Ice Ages
Ice Albedo Feedback and Climatic Instability
Evidence for Low- Latitude Glaciation
Mechanisms for Explaining Low- Latitude Glaciation
Snowball Earth
Part III: Limits to Planetary Habitability
Chapter 6: Runaway Greenhouses and the Evolution of Venus' Atmosphere
The History of Water on Venus
The Classical Runaway Greenhouse Effect
An Alternative Runaway Greenhouse Model
Evolution of Venus' Atmosphere
Chapter 7: The Future Evolution of Earth
High- CO2 Atmospheres and Temperature Limits for Life
Future Solar Evolution and Lifetime of the Biosphere
A Geoengineering Solution to Solar Luminosity Increases
Chapter 8: The Martian Climate Puzzle
Evidence for Liquid Water near Mars' Surface
CH4 in Mars' Atmosphere?
Evidence That Water Flowed in Mars' Distant Past
When Did the Martian Valleys Form?
How Warm Was Early Mars?
Mechanisms for Warming Early Mars
Where Are the Carbonates?
Chapter 9: Is the Earth Rare?
Planetary Size / Magnetic Fields
Ozone and Ultraviolet Radiation
Availability of Nitrogen and the Importance of N2
Is Plate Tectonics Common?
A Planet's Impact Environment
Stabilization of Earth's Obliquity by the Moon
Chapter 10: Habitable Zones around Stars
Historical Attempts to Define the Habitable Zone
A More Modern Model for the Habitable Zone around the Sun
Hertzsprung- Russell Diagrams and Main Sequence Stars
Habitable Zones around Other Stars
Problems for Planets Orbiting Early- Type Stars
Problems for Planets Orbiting Late- Type Stars
Further Extensions of the Habitable Zone Concept
The Galactic Habitable Zone
Part IV: How to Find Another Earth
Chapter 11: Indirect Detection of Planets around Other Stars
Barnard's Star
The Astrometric Method
Pulsar Planets
The Doppler Effect
The Radial Velocity Method
Gravitational Microlensing
Chapter 12: Finding and Characterizing Planets by Using Transits
Transits of Mercury and Venus
Transits of Extrasolar "Hot Jupiters"
Space- Based Transit Searches: CoRoT and Kepler
Observing Exoplanet Atmospheres during Transits
Secondary Transit Spectroscopy
Characterizing Earth-Like Planets around M Stars
Chapter 13: Direct Detection of Extrasolar Planets
What Wavelength Region Should We Choose?
Infrared Interferometers: TPF-I and Darwin
Searching for Planets at Visible Wavelengths: TPF- C
The Visible Occulter: TPF- O
Nearby Target Stars
Chapter 14: The Spectroscopic Search for Life
Spectral Resolution
The Visible /Near- IR Region: TPF- C or -O
The Thermal- IR Region: TPF- I or Darwin
Looking for Life on Early Earth- Type Planets
Possible False Positives for Life
Polarization Measurements: Looking for the Glint of Surface Water
The Holy Grail: Simultaneous Detection of O2 and Reduced Gases
Chapter 15: Prospects for the More Distant Future
NASA's Life Finder Mission
Using the Sun as a Gravitational Lens
The Drake Equation Revisited: The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence
Afterword to the Paperback Edition
Notes
Index

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