Peptide and Protein Design for Biopharmaceutical Applications

List of Contributors.
Preface.
1. Introduction (Knud J. Jensen)..
2. Computational Approaches in Peptide and Protein Design: AnOverview (Garland Marshall and GregoryNikiforovich)..
2.1 Introduction.
2.2 Basics and Tools.
2.3 Computational Study of Cyclopentapeptide Inhibitors ofCXCR4.
Acknowledgements.
References.
3. Aspects of Peptidomimetics (VeroniqueMaes and DirkTourwe)..
3.1 Introduction.
3.2 Modified Peptides.
3.3 Pseudopeptides.
3.4 Secondary Structure Mimics (Excluding Turn Mimics).
3.5 Examples of Peptidomimetics.
3.6 Conclusion.
References.
4. Design of Cyclic Peptides (Oliver Demmer, A.O. Frank, and Horst Kessler)..
4.1 Introduction.
4.2 Peptide Cyclization.
4.3 Conformation and Dynamics of Cyclic Peptides.
4.4 Concepts in Rational Design of Cyclic Peptides.
4.5 Examples of Cyclic Peptides as Drug Candidates.
4.6 Conclusion.
References.
5. Carbohydrates in Design of Peptides and Proteins(Knud J. Jensen and Jesper Brask)..
5.1 Introduction.
5.2 Configurational and conformational Properties ofCarbohydrates.
5.3 Carbohydrates in Peptidomimetics.
5.4 Glycopeptides.
5.5 Carbohydrates as Scaffolds in the Design of Non-PeptidePeptidomimetics.
5.6 Sugar Amino Acids.
5.7 Cyclodextrin-Peptide Conjugate .
5.8 Carboproteins: Model Proteins on Carbohydrate Templates.
5.9 Conclusion Remarks.
6. De Novo design of proteins (Knud J.Jensen)..
6.1 Introduction.
6.2 Secondary Structure Elements.
6.3 Assembling a Specified Tertiary Structure from SecondaryStructure Elements.
6.4 Proteins on Templates.
6.5 Foldamers.
6.6 Biopharmaceutical Applications of Protein De NovoDesign.
References.
7. Design of Insulin Variants for Improved Treatment ofDiabetes (Thomas Høeg-Jensen)..
7.1 Introduction.
7.2 Diabetes Management and the Need for InsulinEngineering.
7.3 Insulin Structure.
7.4 Prolonged-acting Insulin Solids.
7.5 Prolonged-acting Insulin Solutions.
7.6 Fast-acting Insulins.
7.7 Glucose-sensitive Insulin Preparations.
7.8 Alternative Insulin Delivery.
7.9 Insulin Mimetics.
7.10 Pushing the Limitations of Insulin Engineering.
7.11 Conclusion.
References.
Index..