Horticultural Reviews, Volume 44

Contributors ix
Dedication: Cary A. Mitchell xiii
Robert J. Joly
1. Identification of Phytomorphs in the Voynich Codex 1
Arthur O. Tucker and Jules Janick
I. Introduction and Historical Context 4
II. Phytomorph Identification 5
III. Sources and Techniques 58
Acknowledgments 60
Literature Cited 60
2. Urban Agriculture: Environmental, Economic, and Social Perspectives 65
Steve Hallett, Lori Hoagland, and Emily Toner
I. Introduction 66
II. Historical Perspectives 68
III. Global Perspectives 72
IV. The Three Pillars of Sustainability 82
V. New Technologies 98
VI. Urban Agriculture and Food Systems 104
VII. Conclusions 107
Literature Cited 109
3. The Floriculture Vegetative Cutting Industry 121
James E. Faust, John M. Dole, and Roberto G. Lopez
I. Scope of the Industry 123
II. Stock-Plant Production 126
III. Postharvest Handling and Physiology 137
IV. Cutting Management and Propagation 148
V. Case Studies 155
VI. Future Directions 162
Literature Cited 165
4. Orchid Biotechnology 173
Wagner A. Vendrame and Amir A. Khoddamzadeh
I. Introduction 175
II. In Vitro Propagation Technology 178
III. Bioreactor Technology 193
IV. Synthetic Seed Technology (Synseed) 195
V. Cryopreservation Technology 198
VI. Summary and Conclusions 210
Literature Cited 211
5. Chilling Injury in Tomato Fruit 229
Palash Biswas, Andrew R. East, Errol W. Hewett, and Julian A. Heyes
I. Introduction 231
II. Chilling Injury in Fruit 232
III. Chilling Injury Symptoms in Tomato 241
IV. Time-Temperature Thresholds for CI Symptoms 259
V. Concluding Remarks 264
Acknowledgment 265
Literature Cited 265
6. Oomycete Diseases of Cucurbits: History, Significance, and Management 279
Mohammad Babadoost
I. Introduction 281
II. Oomycetes 282
III. Oomycete Diseases of Cucurbits and their Management 288
IV. Concluding Remarks 304
Literature Cited 306
7. Huanglongbing: Devastating Disease of Citrus 315
Greg McCollum and Elizabeth Baldwin
I. Introduction to Citrus 317
II. Huanglongbing Disease 319
III. Changes Induced by CLas Infection 328
IV. Management Strategies to Minimize or Prevent HLB Disease 336
V. HLB Effects on Flavor and Postharvest Quality 345
VI. Conclusions 350
Literature Cited 352
8. Scab and Fire Blight of Apple: Issues in Integrated Pest Management 363
Janna L. Beckerman and George W. Sundin
I. Introduction 364
II. IPM and Apple Scab 366
III. IPM and Fire Blight 375
IV. Conclusions and Future Trends 383
Acknowledgments 384
Literature Cited 385
Subject Index 391
Cumulative Subject Index 393
Cumulative Contributor Index 429