It is now eight years since the first Handbook volumes on Basic Neuro pharmacology were published, and there have been many important advances. As in many other areas in science, progress in this field has depended to a considerable extent on the availability of new experimental methods, and Volume 15 reviews some major recent developments, including new autoradiographic techniques that allow direct visualization of drug and transmitter receptors in the nervous system, and the pin pointing of the precise locations of the changes in brain metabolism elicited by various drug treatments. Volume 16 and 17 cover two of the most active areas for basic research in psychopharmacology at the moment: the characterization of drug and transmitter receptors in brain by radioligand binding techniques, and studies of the role of small peptides in brain function. The latter area, in particular, illustrates how rapidly progress continues to be made in basic research on the mechanisms of chemical communication within the nervous system. Eight years ago when the Handbook first appeared none of the opioid peptides (enkephalins and endorphins) had yet been identified. Since then a whole new area of basic biological research has focused on these substances, and in addition we know of more than thirty other neuropeptides with putative eNS trans mitter functions.
Reihe
Sprache
Verlagsort
Verlagsgruppe
Illustrationen
6
6 s/w Abbildungen
XIV, 436 p. 6 illus.
Dateigröße
ISBN-13
978-1-4684-4361-5 (9781468443615)
DOI
10.1007/978-1-4684-4361-5
Schweitzer Klassifikation
1 Molecular Aspects of Neurotransmitter Receptors: An Overview.- 1. Receptor Recognition: Ion and Nucleotide Regulation Associated with "Second Messengers".- 2. Solubilized and Purified Receptors Clarify Synaptic Mechanisms.- 3. Neurotransmitter Uptake Receptors.- 4. References.- 2 Opiate Receptors.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Scope and Limitations of Methods.- 3. Heterogeneity of Opiate Receptors.- 4. Distribution of Opiate Receptors.- 5. Properties of the Opiate Binding Sites.- 6. Isolation of Opiate Receptors.- 7. Assessment of the Pharmacological and Binding Properties of Narcotic Analgesic Drugs.- 8. Excitation Effector Coupling.- 9. Changes in Binding Sites Induced by Drugs or Pathological Conditions.- 10. References.- 3 CNS Dopamine Receptors.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Dopaminergic Agonists and Antagonists and Their Actions.- 3. Anatomy.- 4. Pharmacological Characterization of Dopamine Receptors.- 5. Dopamine Receptors in the Pituitary.- 6. Dopamine Receptors in the Striatum.- 7. Irreversible Modification of Dopamine Receptors.- 8. Solubilization and Isolation of Dopamine Receptors Ill.- 9. Neuroanatomical Localization of Dopamine Receptors in the CNS.- 5. Neostriatum.- 6. Substantia Nigra.- 7. Retina.- 1. Regulation of Dopamine Receptors.- 2. Concluding Comments.- 3. References.- 4 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptors in Brain.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Serotoninergic Recognition Sites in the CNS.- 3. 5-HT-Sensitive Adenylate Cyclase.- 4. Mechanism of Regulation of Serotonin Receptors.- 5. Conclusions.- 6. References.- 5 Receptors for Amino Acid Transmitters.- 1. Introduction.- 2. GAB A Receptors.- 3. Glycine Receptors.- 4. Other "Inhibitory Amino Acids".- 5. Excitatory Amino Acids.- 6. Summary.- 7. References.- 6 The Nature of Muscarinic Receptor Binding.- 1. Introduction.-2. The Binding of Antagonists.- 3. The Binding of Agonists.- 4. Regulation of Muscarinic Receptors by Guanine Nucleotides.- 5. The Influence of Sulfhydryl Reagents on Muscarinic Receptor Binding.- 6. Ionic Perturbation of Muscarinic Receptor Binding.- 7. Regulation of Antagonist Binding by Dopaminergic Agonists.- 8. Conclusion.- 9. References.- 7 Benzodiazepine Receptors.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Biochemical Characteristics of Benzodiazepine Receptor Binding.- 3. BZ Receptor Solubilization.- 4. Occurrence of BZ Receptors.- 5. Structural Selectivity of BZ Receptors.- 6. BZ Receptor Binding in Vivo.- 7. Multiple Brain BZ Receptors.- 8. BZ Receptors and GABA.- 9. Miscellaneous Modulators.- 10. In Vivo BZ Receptor Modulation.- 10.1. Subchronic Treatment with Benzodiazepines.- 10.2. Barbiturates.- 10.3. Ethanol.- 10.4. Diphenylhydantoin.- 10.5. Seizures and Other "Stress".- 11. Endogenous Ligands?.- 12. Radioreceptor Assay.- 13. References.- 8 Histamine Receptors in Brain.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Classification of Histamine Receptors.- 3. The Histamine Hi-Receptor.- 4. The Histamine H2-Receptor.- 5. Psychotropic Drugs and Histamine Receptors.- 6. References.
