Rare Earth Coordination Chemistry

Name: Rare Earth Coordination Chemistry | Fundamentals and Applications
Brand: Wiley
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Fundamentals and Applications

Chun-Hui Huang(Autor*in)

Wiley (Verlag)

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 21. Oktober 2010

592 Seiten

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Inhalt

Intro
Rare Earth Coordination Chemistry
Contents
Author Biographies
Foreword
Preface
1 Introduction
1.1 Electronic Configuration of Lanthanide Atoms in the Ground State
1.2 Lanthanide Contraction
1.3 Specificity of the Photophysical Properties of Rare Earth Compounds
1.3.1 Spectral Terms
1.3.2 Selection Rules for Atomic Spectra
1.3.3 Lifetime
1.3.4 Absorption Spectra
1.3.5 The Emission Spectra of Rare Earth Compounds
1.4 Specificities of Rare Earth Coordination Chemistry
1.4.1 Valence State of Rare Earth Elements
1.4.2 Chemical Bonding of Rare Earth Elements
1.4.3 Coordination Numbers of Rare Earth Complexes
1.4.4 Tetrad Effect of Lanthanide Elements - Changing Gradation Rules in Lanthanide Coordination Chemistry
1.5 Coordination Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds
1.5.1 Rare Earth Hydroxides
1.5.2 Rare Earth Halide and Perchlorate Compounds
1.5.3 Rare Earth Cyanide and Thiocyanate Compounds
1.5.4 Rare Earth Carbonate Compounds
1.5.5 Rare Earth Oxalate Compounds
1.5.6 Rare Earth Nitrate Compounds
1.5.7 Rare Earth Phosphate Compounds
1.5.8 Rare Earth Sulfate Compounds
1.5.9 Rare Earth Borate Compounds
1.6 Outlook
Acknowledgments
References
2 β
-Diketonate Lanthanide Complexes
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Types of β
-Diketones Used for Lanthanide Complexes
2.2.1 Mono(β
-Diketone) Ligands
2.2.2 Bis(β
-Diketones) Ligands
2.2.3 Dendritic β
-Diketones Ligands
2.3 β
-Diketonate Lanthanide Complexes
2.3.1 Mononuclear Lanthanide Complexes with β
-Diketones
2.3.2 Polynuclear β
-Diketonate Lanthanide Complexes
2.4 Summary and Outlook
Acknowledgments
References
3 Rare Earth Complexes with Carboxylic Acids, Polyaminopolycarboxylic Acids, and Amino Acids
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Rare Earth Complexes with Carboxylic Acids
3.2.1 Preparation of Rare Earth Complexes with Carboxylic Acids
3.2.2 Structural Chemistry of Rare Earth Complexes with Carboxylic Acids
3.2.3 Solution Chemistry of Rare Earth Complexes with Carboxylic Acids
3.3 Rare Earth Complexes with Polyaminopolycarboxylic Acids
3.3.1 Preparation of Rare Earth Complexes with Polyaminopolycarboxylic Acids
3.3.2 Structural Chemistry of Rare Earth Complexes with Polyaminopolycarboxylic Acids
3.3.3 Solution Chemistry of Rare Earth Complexes with Polyaminopolycarboxylic Acids
3.4 Rare Earth Complexes with Amino Acids
3.4.1 Preparation of Rare Earth Complexes with Amino Acids
3.4.2 Structural Chemistry of Rare Earth Complexes with Amino Acids
3.4.3 Solution Chemistry of Rare Earth Complexes with Amino Acids
3.5 Summary and Outlook
References
4 N-Based Rare Earth Complexes
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Rare Earth Complexes with Amide Type Ligands
4.2.1 Rare Earth Complexes with Aliphatic Amide Type Ligands
4.2.2 Rare Earth Complexes with Silyl Amide Type Ligands
4.3 Rare Earth Complexes with N-Heterocyclic Type Ligands
4.3.1 Rare Earth Complexes with Pyridine Type Ligands
4.3.2 Rare Earth Complexes with Imidazole Type Ligands
4.3.3 Rare Earth Complexes with Porphyrin Type Ligands
4.3.4 Rare Earth Complexes with Phthalocyanine Type Ligands
4.4 Rare Earth Complexes with Schiff Base Type Ligands
4.4.1 Rare Earth Complexes with Imine Type Ligands
4.4.2 Rare Earth Complexes with H[sub(2)]Salen (30) Type Ligands
4.5 Outlook
List of Abbreviations
Acknowledgments
References
5 Rare Earth Polyoxometalate Complexes
5.1 Synthesis
5.2 Types and Structure Features
5.2.1 RE-POM Clusters
5.2.2 Extending Structural RE-POMs Complexes
5.2.3 RE-Organo Cation POM Supermolecule Complexes
5.3 Applications
5.3.1 Luminescence
5.3.2 Magnetism
5.3.3 Catalysis
5.3.4 Medicine
5.4 Outlook
References
6 Coordination Chemistry of Rare Earth Alkoxides, Aryloxides, and Hydroxides
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Lanthanide Alkoxides, Aryloxides, and Macrocyclic Polyaryloxides
6.2.1 Preparative Methods
6.2.2 Structural Chemistry of Lanthanide Alkoxide Complexes
6.2.3 Applications of Lanthanide Alkoxides
6.3 Lanthanide Hydroxide Complexes
6.3.1 Rational Synthetic Methodologies for Lanthanide Hydroxide Complexes
6.3.2 Coordination Modes of Hydroxo Ligands and Key Lanthanide-Hydroxo Motifs
6.3.3 Properties and Possible Applications
6.4 Summary and Outlook
Acknowledgments
References
7 Rare Earth Metals Trapped Inside Fullerenes - Endohedral Metallofullerenes (EMFs)
7.1 Introduction
7.1.1 History of Discovery
7.1.2 What Can Be Encapsulated Inside Fullerenes?
7.2 Preparation and Purification of EMFs
7.2.1 Production Methods
7.2.2 Extraction of EMFs from Raw Soot
7.2.3 Separation and Purification of EMFs
7.3 General Structures and Properties of EMFs Encapsulating Rare Earth Metals
7.3.1 Geometrical Structures
7.3.2 Electronic Structures of EMFs: Intramolecular Charge Transfer
7.4 Chemistry of EMFs
7.4.1 Chemical Reactions of EMFs: An Overview
7.4.2 Positional Control of Encapsulated Metals by Exohedral Modifications
7.4.3 Chemical Properties of Cage Carbons Dictated by the Encapsulated Metals
7.4.4 Chemical Behaviors of EMFs Bearing Fused Pentagons
7.5 Applications of EMFs and Their Derivatives
7.5.1 Applications in Biology and Medicine
7.5.2 Applications in Material Science
7.6 Perspectives: Challenge and Chance
Acknowledgments
References
8 Organometallic Chemistry of the Lanthanide Metals
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Synthesis and Reactivity of Organolanthanide Complexes Containing Ln-C Bonds
8.2.1 Synthesis and Reactivity of Organolanthanide π
-Complexes
8.2.2 Synthesis and Reactivity of Lanthanide Complexes Containing Ln-C σ
-Bonds
8.2.3 Synthesis and Reactivity of Lanthanide N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes
8.2.4 Synthesis of Cationic Lanthanide Complexes
8.3 Synthesis and Reactivity of Lanthanide Hydride Complexes
8.3.1 Synthesis
8.3.2 Reactivity
8.4 Synthesis and Reactivity of Divalent Lanthanide Complexes
8.4.1 Synthesis of Classical Divalent Lanthanide Complexes
8.4.2 Synthesis of Non-classical Divalent Lanthanide Complexes
8.4.3 Reductive Reactivity
8.5 Organometallic Ce(IV) Complexes
8.6 Application in Homogeneous Catalysis
8.6.1 Organic Transformation
8.6.2 Polymerization
8.7 Summary and Outlook
References
9 Lanthanide Based Magnetic Molecular Materials
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Magnetic Coupling in Lanthanide Containing Molecular Materials
9.2.1 Magnetic Coupling Mechanism of Gd(III) Systems
9.2.2 Magnetic Coupling in Ln(III) Containing Systems with Orbital Moment Contribution
9.3 Magnetic Ordering in Lanthanide Based Molecular Materials
9.3.1 Lanthanide-Organic Radical Systems
9.3.2 4f-3d Heterometallic Systems
9.4 Magnetic Relaxation in Lanthanide Containing Molecular Materials
9.4.1 Introduction to Magnetic Relaxation
9.4.2 Magnetic Relaxation in Lanthanide Containing Complexes
9.5 Outlook
Acknowledgments
References
10 Gadolinium Complexes as MRI Contrast Agents for Diagnosis
10.1 Clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Contrast Agents
10.1.1 Development of Clinical Contrast Agents
10.1.2 Clinical Contrast Agents
10.2 Chemistry of Gadolinium Based Contrast Agents
10.2.1 Relaxivity
10.2.2 Biomolecular Interactions
10.2.3 Toxicity and Safety Issues
10.3 Contrast Enhanced MRI for Disease Diagnosis
10.3.1 Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA)
10.3.2 Liver Disease
10.3.3 Oncology
10.4 Outlook
References
11 Electroluminescence Based on Lanthanide Complexes
11.1 Introduction
11.1.1 Operating Principles in OLEDs
11.1.2 History of OLEDs
11.1.3 Potential Advantages of Lanthanide Complexes Used in OLEDs
11.2 Lanthanide Complexes Used in OLEDs
11.2.1 Europium Complexes
11.2.2 Terbium Complexes
11.2.3 Other Lanthanide Complexes
11.3 Outlook
Acknowledgments
References
12 Near-Infrared (NIR) Luminescence from Lanthanide(III) Complexes
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Organic Antenna Chromophores as Sensitizers
12.2.1 Acyclic Ligands as Antenna Chromophores
12.2.2 Macrocyclic Ligands as Antenna Chromophores
12.3 Metal-Organic Chromophores as Sensitizers
12.3.1 d-Block Chromophores
12.3.2 f-Block Chromophores
12.4 Outlook
List of Abbreviations
Acknowledgments
References
13 Luminescent Rare Earth Complexes as Chemosensors and Bioimaging Probes
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Rare Earth Complexes as Luminescent Chemosensors
13.2.1 Basic Concept
13.2.2 Rare Earth Complexes as Luminescent pH Chemosensors
13.2.3 Rare Earth Complexes as Luminescent Chemosensors for Cations
13.2.4 Rare Earth Complexes as Luminescent Chemosensors for Anions
13.2.5 Rare Earth Complexes as Luminescent Chemosensors for Small Molecules
13.3 Bioimaging Based on Luminescent Rare Earth Complexes
13.3.1 Time-Resolved Luminescence Imaging
13.3.2 Types of Luminescent Rare Earth Complexes for Bioimaging
13.3.3 Luminescent Rare Earth Complexes with "Privileged'' Cyclen Core Structures as Bioimaging Probes
13.3.4 Luminescent Rare Earth Complexes with Bis(benzimidazole)pyridine Tridentate Units as Bioimaging Probes
13.3.5 Hybrid Rare Earth Complexes as Luminescent Probes in Bioimaging
13.4 Rare Earth Luminescent Chemosensors as Bioimaging Probes
13.4.1 Rare Earth Luminescent Chemosensors as Bioimaging Probes of Zn[sup(2+)]
13.4.2 Rare Earth Luminescent Chemosensors as Bioimaging Probes of [sup(1)]O[sub(2)]
13.5 Rare Earth Complexes as Multiphoton Luminescence Probes for Bioimaging
13.6 Rare Earth Materials with Upconversion Luminescence for Bioimaging
13.6.1 General Concept of Upconversion Luminescence
13.6.2 Rare Earth Complexes with Upconversion Luminescence
13.6.3 Rare Earth Nanophosphors with Upconversion Luminescence
13.6.4 Rare Earth Upconversion Luminescence Nanophosphors as Bioimaging Nanoprobes
13.7 Outlook
References
Index
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
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