Principles of Training

Editor's Foreword1. Introduction Evaluation of Training Experiments on Training Limitations of Training Training Problems Types of Task Skilled Behavior2. Knowledge of Results Removing Feedback Action and Learning Feedback Information and Incentive A Classification Intrinsic or Artificial Concurrent or Terminal Immediate or Delayed Verbal or Non-Verbal Separate or Accumulated Summary3. Guidance Restricting Alternatives Types of Guidance Animal Work Human Maze Learning Mazes and Forced-Response Adjustive Skills Graded Movements Knowledge of Alternatives Summary4. Visual Methods Visual Guidance Changes in Display Visual Magnification Imitation Static Visual Aids Moving Films Summary5. Words and Actions Verbal and Motor Learning Verbal and Motor Behavior Instructions Pre-differentiation Verbal Pre-training Verbal Guidance and Hints Summary6. Practice Learning Curves Speed and Accuracy Part and Whole Methods Progression Massed and Spaced Practice Residual Effects Mental Practice Summary7. Transfer of Training Sameness and Difference Relations between Tasks Negative Transfer Long-Term Effects Task Difficulty Transfer of Principles Summary8. Programmed Learning Teaching Machines Motor Learning Linear Programs Program Characteristics Branching Programs Comparison of Methods Evaluation Summary9. Recommendations General Specific Further ReadingReferences and Author IndexSubject Index