MR Imaging of the Foot and Ankle, An Issue of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America

Name: MR Imaging of the Foot and Ankle, An Issue of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America
Brand: Elsevier
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Mary G. Hochman(Autor*in)

Elsevier (Verlag)

Erschienen am 28. November 2016

249 Seiten

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Front Cover
MR Imaging of the Footand Ankle
Copyright
Contributors
CONSULTING EDITORS
EDITOR
AUTHORS
Contents
Foreword
Preface
Technical Considerations: Best Practices for MR Imaging of the Foot and Ankle
Normal Variants: Accessory Muscles About the Ankle
MR Imaging of the Pediatric Foot and Ankle: What Does Normal Look Like?
Aftermath of Ankle Inversion Injuries: Spectrum of MR Imaging Findings
Medial-sided Ankle Pain: Deltoid Ligament and Beyond
MR Imaging Findings in Heel Pain
MR Imaging of the Midfoot Including Chopart and Lisfranc Joint Complexes
MR Imaging of the Plantar Plate: Normal Anatomy, Turf Toe, and Other Injuries
MR Imaging of Impingement and Entrapment Syndromes of the Foot and Ankle
MR Imaging of Common Soft Tissue Masses in the Foot and Ankle
MR Imaging of the Diabetic Foot
Postoperative Foot and Ankle MR Imaging
New Techniques in MR Imaging of the Ankle and Foot
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
FORTHCOMING ISSUES
May 2017
August 2017
November 2017
RECENT ISSUES
November 2016
August 2016
May 2016
CME Accreditation Page
PROGRAM OBJECTIVE
TARGET AUDIENCE
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
ACCREDITATION
DISCLOSURE OF CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
UNAPPROVED/OFF-LABEL USE DISCLOSURE
TO ENROLL
METHOD OF PARTICIPATION
CME INQUIRIES/SPECIAL NEEDS
Foreword
Preface
Technical Considerations
Key points
INTRODUCTION
IMAGING THE PREOPERATIVE FOOT AND ANKLE
MAGNETIC RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY
IMAGING THE POSTOPERATIVE FOOT AND ANKLE
ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Normal Variants
Key points
INTRODUCTION
IMAGING OF ACCESSORY MUSCLES
ACCESSORY MUSCLES IN THE LATERAL ANKLE
Peroneus Quartus
Origin
Insertion
Imaging Features
Clinical Features
ACCESSORY MUSCLES IN THE POSTEROMEDIAL ANKLE
Accessory Soleus
Origin
Insertion
Imaging Features
Clinical Features
FLEXOR DIGITORUM ACCESSORIUS LONGUS
Origin
Insertion
Imaging Features
Clinical Features
PERONEOCALCANEUS INTERNUS
Origin
Insertion
Imaging Features
Clinical Features
TIBIOCALCANEUS INTERNUS
Origin
Insertion
Imaging Features
Clinical Features
DIAGNOSTIC ALGORITHM TO IDENTIFY ACCESSORY MUSCLES OF THE ANKLE
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
MR Imaging of the Pediatric Foot and Ankle
Key points
INTRODUCTION
PHYSEAL DEVELOPMENT
EPIPHYSEAL/APOPHYSEAL CHONDRAL DEVELOPMENT
Osteochondral Lesions
Osteochondroses
PERIOSTEUM
MARROW DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENTAL ABNORMALITIES
Tarsal Coalition
Clubfoot Deformity
SOFT TISSUE TUMORS AND TUMORLIKE LESIONS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Aftermath of Ankle Inversion Injuries
Key points
INTRODUCTION
MR IMAGING PROTOCOL
DISORDERS
Lateral Ligamentous Injuries
Anterior talofibular ligament, calcaneofibular ligament, posterior talofibular ligament
Tibiofibular syndesmosis
Sinus tarsi syndrome
Deltoid ligament
Ankle impingement syndromes
OSSEOUS INJURIES
Bone Bruise
Osteochondral Lesions and Loose Bodies
Fractures
Superior Peroneal Retinaculum Injuries
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Medial-sided Ankle Pain
Key points
INTRODUCTION
IMAGING PROTOCOLS
ANATOMY
Deltoid Ligament Anatomy Overview
Deep Deltoid Ligament Anatomy
Superficial Deltoid Ligament Anatomy
Flexor Retinaculum Anatomy
Spring Ligament Anatomy
Tibiocalcaneonavicular Ligament
Posterior Tibial Tendon Anatomy
Accessory Navicular Bone
Tarsal Tunnel Anatomy
DELTOID LIGAMENT INJURIES
Acute Deltoid Injuries
Chronic Medial Ankle Instability
Anteromedial Impingement
MR Imaging Criteria
FLEXOR RETINACULUM INJURIES
Pathophysiology
MR imaging Criteria
SPRING LIGAMENT ABNORMALITIES
Pathophysiology
MR imaging Criteria
POSTERIOR TIBIAL TENDON TEAR
Pathophysiology of Acute Injury
Pathophysiology of Chronic Injury
Accessory Navicular Injury
MR imaging Criteria
TARSAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
Pathophysiology
MR imaging Criteria
ACCESSORY FLEXOR MUSCLES
TARSAL COALITION
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
MR Imaging Findings in Heel Pain
Key points
INTRODUCTION
HEEL ANATOMY
ACHILLES TENDON
PLANTAR FASCIA
Plantar Fasciitis
Plantar Fascia Tear
Plantar Fibromatosis
CALCANEUS
Stress Fracture
Osteomyelitis
Sever Disease
Tumors
BURSA
Retrocalcaneal and Retro-Achilles Bursitis
Haglund Syndrome
NERVES OF THE HINDFOOT
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
Baxter Neuropathy
HEEL PAD FAT
SUMMARY
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
MR Imaging of the Midfoot Including Chopart and Lisfranc Joint Complexes
Key points
INTRODUCTION
NORMAL ANATOMY OF THE MIDFOOT
Biomechanical Properties
MR IMAGING OF THE MIDFOOT
MR Imaging Protocol
Chopart Joint and Its Supporting Ligamentous Structures
Osseous structures
Ligamentous structures
The Bifurcate Ligament
Spring Ligament Complex
Long and Short Plantar Ligaments
Chopart Joint Injuries
Spring Ligament Complex Injuries
The Lisfranc Joint Complex
Lisfranc Joint Complex Injury
OSSEOUS INJURIES AT THE MIDFOOT
Navicular Stress Fractures
Acute Navicular Fractures
Mueller-Weiss Syndrome
Osteonecrosis of the Navicular Bone
Accessory Navicular (Os Naviculare)
Cuboid Fractures
Cuneiform Fractures
TENDON ABNORMALITIES
Posterior Tibial Tendon
Peroneus Longus Tendon, Os Peroneum, and Painful Os Peroneum Syndrome
Anterior Tibial Tendon
Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendon
Nerves
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
MR Imaging of the Plantar Plate
Key points
INTRODUCTION
ANATOMY OF THE METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINTS
TURF TOE (FIRST METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT)
Diagnosis
Treatment
LESSER METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT INSTABILITY
Diagnosis
MR IMAGING OF THE NORMAL PLANTAR PLATE
MR IMAGING OF PLANTAR PLATE TEARS
TREATMENT
POSTOPERATIVE
EXPECTATIONS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
MR Imaging of Impingement and Entrapment Syndromes of the Foot and Ankle
Key points
INTRODUCTION
ANTERIOR IMPINGEMENT SYNDROME
Anatomy and Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Imaging Features
Treatment
ANTEROLATERAL IMPINGEMENT SYNDROME
Anatomy and Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Imaging Features
Treatment
ANTEROMEDIAL IMPINGEMENT SYNDROME
Anatomy and Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Imaging Features
Treatment
POSTEROMEDIAL IMPINGEMENT
Anatomy and Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Imaging Features
Treatment
POSTERIOR IMPINGEMENT
Anatomy and Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Imaging Features
Treatment
EXTRA-ARTICULAR LATERAL HINDFOOT IMPINGEMENT
Anatomy and Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Imaging Features
Treatment
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
MR Imaging of Common Soft Tissue Masses in the Foot and Ankle
Key points
BACKGROUND
IMAGING EVALUATION OF SOFT TISSUE MASSES
MR IMAGING TECHNIQUES
SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO ANALYSIS
BENIGN SOFT TISSUE TUMORS
Plantar Fibroma
Giant Cell Tumor of the Tendon Sheath
Hemangioma
Lipoma
Soft Tissue Chondroma
Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors
MALIGNANT SOFT TISSUE TUMORS
Synovial Sarcoma
CYSTIC TUMORLIKE LESIONS
Ganglion
Synovial Cyst
Bursae
NONCYSTIC TUMORLIKE MASSES
Morton Neuroma
Soft Tissue Callus
Foreign Body Granuloma
Gout
Rheumatoid Nodule
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
MR Imaging of the Diabetic Foot
Key points
INTRODUCTION/CLINICAL PRESENTATION
IMAGING THE DIABETIC FOOT
MR IMAGING SCAN PROTOCOLS
MR IMAGING FINDINGS AND DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA IN THE DIABETIC FOOT
Soft Tissue Edema, Cellulitis
Callus, Ulcer
Sinus Tract, Abscess
Foreign Bodies
Muscle Denervation
Necrotizing Fasciitis, Pyomyositis, Gangrene
Tenosynovitis
Osteomyelitis/Septic Arthritis
Neuropathic Osteoarthropathy
Differentiating Osteomyelitis/Septic Arthritis from Neuropathic Osteoarthropathy
Postoperative MR Imaging
PEARLS, PITFALLS, AND VARIANTS
WHAT REFERRING PHYSICIANS NEED TO KNOW
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Postoperative Foot and Ankle MR Imaging
Key points
INTRODUCTION
MR IMAGING
TENDON REPAIR AND RECONSTRUCTION
Achilles Tendon
Posterior Tibialis Tendon
ANKLE LATERAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENTS
ANKLE MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENTS
MORTON NEUROMA-INTERDIGITAL PERINEURAL FIBROSIS
COALITION
COMPLICATIONS
Stress Injury or Fracture
Osteomyelitis
Multifocal Bone Marrow Edema
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
New Techniques in MR Imaging of the Ankle and Foot
Key points
INTRODUCTION
APPLICATIONS OF CURRENTLY AVAILABLE SEQUENCES
Isotropic Three-Dimensional Fast Spin Echo Acquisition for Three-Dimensional Rendering
Magnetic Resonance Neurography
Diffusion-Weighted Imaging
NOVEL MAGNETIC RESONANCE PULSE SEQUENCES
Ultrashort Echo Time MR Imaging
QUANTITATIVE MR IMAGING BIOMARKERS
Collagen Evaluation
T2 mapping
Ultrashort echo time T2* mapping
Proteoglycan Evaluation
T1 rho MR imaging
Sodium MR imaging and ultrahigh field MR imaging (7 T)
FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF TISSUE
Kinematic MR Imaging
REFERENCES
Index

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