Protein Oxidation and Aging

Name: Protein Oxidation and Aging
Brand: Wiley
Price: 144.99 EUR
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Tilman Grune Betul Catalgol Tobias Jung Vladimir Uversky(Autor*in)

Wiley (Verlag)

Erschienen am 7. November 2012

516 Seiten

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Inhalt

Intro
Title page
Copyright page
Contents
Introduction to the Wiley Series on Protein and Peptide Science
Preface
1: Oxidative Stress and Protein Oxidation
1.1 The Large Variety of Protein Oxidation Products
1.1.1 Primary Protein Oxidation Products
1.1.2 Reactive Compounds Mediating in Protein Oxidation
1.1.3 Enzymatic Systems Playing a Role in Protein Oxidation
1.1.4 Protein Oxidation in Cells and Cellular Structures
1.2 Reversible Oxidative Modifications
1.2.1 Methionine Sulfoxides and Methionine Modifications
1.2.2 Cysteine Modifications and Disulfide Bond Formation
1.2.3 Surface Hydrophobicity Modifications
1.3 Irreversible Oxidation Products
1.3.1 Protein Oxidation and Enzymatic Posttranslational Modifications
1.3.2 Deamidation and Transamination
1.3.3 Protein Glycation and AGEs
1.3.4 Racemization
1.3.5 Nitrosylation
1.3.6 Tyrosyl Radicals and Nitrotyrosines
1.3.7 Protein Carbonyls
1.3.8 Aldehyde-Protein Reactions
1.3.9 Cross-Linking of Proteins
1.4 The Oxidation of Extracellular Matrix, Membrane and Cytoskeletal Proteins
1.4.1 Collagen
1.4.2 Elastin
1.4.3 The Oxidation of Membrane Proteins
1.4.4 Band 3
1.4.5 Actin
1.5 Mechanism and Factors Influencing the Formation of Protein Oxidation Products
1.5.1 Redox Status
1.5.2 Protein Turnover
1.5.3 Metal-Catalyzed Oxidation (MCO)
1.5.4 Heat Shock Proteins
1.6 Protein Aggregates: Formation and Specific Metabolic Effects
1.6.1 Accumulation of Oxidized Proteins
1.6.2 Lipofuscin and Ceroid
1.7 Methods to Measure Protein Oxidation Products in Research Laboratories
1.7.1 Determination of Methionine Sulfoxide Reduction and Methionine Oxidation
1.7.2 Determination of Protein Glycation and Adducts
1.7.3 Analysis of Isoaspartate Formation
1.7.4 Measurement of Fragmentation
1.7.5 Measurement of Tyrosine Oxidation
1.7.6 Protein Carbonyl Measurement
1.7.7 Radioactive Labeling Protocols for Proteolysis and Aggregation Measurements
1.7.8 Standard Chromatographic Methods for the Measurement of Protein Modifications
1.7.9 Liquid Chromatography Techniques Supported by Mass Spectrometry
1.7.10 GC/MS
1.7.11 Analysis of Protein-Bound 3-Nitrotyrosine by a Competitive ELISA Method
1.7.12 Protein Oxidation Products as Biomarkers in Clinical Science
References
2: Removal of Oxidized Proteins
2.1 The Limited Repair of Some Oxidized Proteins
2.1.1 Thiol Repair
2.1.2 Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases
2.2 Proteolysis
2.2.1 The Proteasomal System and Its Role in the Degradation of Oxidized Proteins
2.3 The Role of Other Proteases in the Fate of Oxidized Proteins
2.3.1 Lysosomal Degradation of Oxidized Proteins and the Role of Autophagy
2.3.2 Mitochondrial Degradation of Oxidized Proteins and the Lon Protease
2.3.3 The Uptake of Extracellular Oxidized Proteins and the Role of the Proteasome in Their Degradation
2.3.4 Calpains and the Degradation of Oxidized Proteins
2.4 Role of Heat Shock Proteins in Protein Degradation
2.5 Conclusion
References
3: Protein Oxidation and Aging: Different Model Systems and Affecting Factors
3.1 Protein Oxidation during Aging: Lower Organisms and Cellular Model Systems
3.1.1 Yeast
3.1.2 Podospora anserina
3.1.3 Bacteria
3.1.4 Cell Cultures
3.2 Nonmammalian Model Systems and the Accumulation of Oxidized Proteins during Aging
3.2.1 Caenorhabditis elegans
3.2.2 Drosophila melanogaster
3.2.3 Aquatic Systems
3.2.4 Plants
3.2.5 Amphibians
3.3 Age-Related Protein Oxidation in Humans and Mammals
3.3.1 Humans
3.3.2 Animals
3.4 Inherited Factors Influencing Protein Oxidation during Aging
3.4.1 Genetic Instability, Mutations, and Polymorphism
3.4.2 Gender
3.4.3 Vitagenes
3.4.4 Signal Transduction and Transcription Factors
3.4.5 Ion Channels
3.5 Age-Related Protein Aggregate Formation in Model Systems
3.6 Environmental Factors Affecting Healthy Aging
3.6.1 UV-Induced Skin Photoaging and Skin Aging
3.6.2 Pesticides
3.6.3 Exercise
3.6.4 Dietary Factors and Prevention Strategies
3.6.5 Pharmacological Response and Biotransformation in Aging
3.6.6 Caloric Restriction
3.7 Repair and Degradation of Oxidized Proteins during Aging
References
4: Protein Oxidation in Some Age-Related Diseases
4.1 Protein Oxidation during Neurodegeneration and Neurological Diseases
4.1.1 Brain Aging
4.1.2 Alzheimer's Disease
4.1.3 Parkinson's Disease
4.1.4 Huntington's Disease
4.1.5 Stroke
4.1.6 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
4.2 Protein Oxidation in Cardiac Diseases
4.2.1 Ischemia-Reperfusion
4.2.2 Atherosclerosis
4.3 Protein Oxidation in Diabetes
4.4 Protein Oxidation in Degenerative Arthritis
4.5 Protein Oxidation in Muscle Wasting and Sarcopenia
4.6 Protein Oxidation in Destructive Eye Diseases
4.6.1 Age-Related Macular Degeneration
4.6.2 Cataract
4.7 Protein Oxidation in Osteoporosis
4.8 Protein Oxidation in Cancer
4.8.1 Proteasome Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy
4.9 Other Diseases
4.9.1 Premature Aging Diseases Progeria and Werner's Syndrome
4.9.2 Renal Failure and Hemodialysis in Elderly People
4.9.3 Obesity
4.9.4 Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
4.9.5 Presbycusis (Age-Related Hear Loss)
References
Abbreviations
Index

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