Combustion 2e

Preface to Second EditionAcknowledgments to the Second EditionPreface to First EditionAcknowledgments to the First EditionChapter One: Chemical Thermodynamics and Flame Temperatures A. Introduction B. Heats of Reaction and Formation C. Free Energy and the Equilibrium Constants D. Flame Temperature Calculations Problems ReferencesChapter Two: Chemical Kinetics A. Introduction B. The Rates of Reactions and Their Temperature Dependency 1. The Arrhenius Rate Expression 2. Transition State and Recombination Rate Theories C. Simultaneous Interdependent Reactions D. Chain Reactions E. Pseudo-First-Order Reactions and the "Fall-off" Range F. The Partial Equilibrium Assumption G. Pressure Effect in Fractional Conversion Problems ReferencesChapter Three: Explosive and General Oxidative Characteristics of Fuels A. Introduction B. Chain Branching Reactions and Criteria for Explosion C. Explosion Limits and Oxidation Characteristics of Hydrogen D. Explosion Limits and Oxidation Characteristics of Carbon Monoxide E. Explosion Limits and Oxidation Characteristics of Hydrocarbons 1. Organic Nomenclature 2. Explosion Limits 3. "Low-Temperature" Hydrocarbon Oxidation Mechanisms F. The Oxidation of Aldehydes G. The Oxidation of Methane H. The Oxidation of Higher-Order Hydrocarbons 1. Alliphatic Hydrocarbons 2. Alcohols 3. Aromatic Hydrocarbons Problems ReferencesChapter Four: Flame Phenomena in Premixed Combustible Gases A. Introduction B. Laminar Flame Structure C. The Laminar Flame Speed 1. The Theory of Mallard and Le Chatelier 2. The Theory of Zeldovich, Frank-Kamenetskii, and Semenov 3. The Laminar Flame and the Energy Equation 4. Flame Speed Measurements 5. Experimental Results-Physical and Chemical Effects D. Stability Limits of Laminar Flames 1. Flammability Limits 2. Quenching Distance 3. Flame Stabilization (Low Velocity) 4. Stability Limits and Design E. Turbulent Reacting Flows and Turbulent Flames 1. The Rate of Reaction in a Turbulent Field 2. Regimes of Turbulent Reacting Flows 3. The Turbulent Flame Speed F. Stirred Reactor Theory G. Flame Stabilization in High-Velocity Streams Problems ReferencesChapter Five: Detonation A. Introduction 1. Premixed and Diffusion Flames 2. Explosion, Deflagration, and Detonation 3. The Onset of Detonation B. Detonation Phenomena C. Hugoniot Relations and the Hydrodynamic Theory of Detonations 1. Characterization of the Hugoniot Curve and the Uniqueness of the Chapman-Jouguet Point 2. Determination of the Speed of Sound in the Burned Gases for Conditions above the Chapman-Jouguet Point 3. Calculation of the Detonation Velocity D. Comparison of Detonation Velocity Calculations with Experimental Results E. The ZND Structure of Detonation Waves F The Structure of the Cellular Detonation Front and other Detonation Phenomena Parameters 1. The Cellular Detonation Front 2. The Dynamic Detonation Parameters 3. Detonation Limits G. Detonations in Non-gaseous Media Problems ReferencesChapter Six: Diffusion Flames A. Introduction B. Gaseous Fuel Jets 1. Appearance 2. Structure 3. Theoretical Considerations 4. The Burke-Schumann Development 5. Turbulent Fuel Jets C. Burning of Condensed Phases 1. General Mass Burning Considerations and the Evaporation Coefficient 2. Single Fuel Droplets in Quiescent Atmospheres D. Burning of Droplet Clouds E. Burning in Convective Atmospheres 1. The Stagnant Film Case 2. The Longitudinally Burning Surface 3.