Lipidology, An Issue of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America

Name: Lipidology, An Issue of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
Brand: Elsevier
Price: 103.52 EUR
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Edward A. Gill Christie M. Ballantyne Kathleen L. Wyne(Autor*in)

Elsevier (Verlag)

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 27. Februar 2016

100 Seiten

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978-0-323-44505-4 (ISBN)

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Front Cover
Lipidology
Copyright
Contributors
EDITORS
AUTHORS
Contents
Familial Hypercholesterolemia
New Cholesterol Guidelines for the Management of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Comparison of the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Cholesterol Guidelines with the 2014 National Lipid Association Recommendations for Patient-Centered Management of Dyslipidemia
Lipoprotein Apheresis
Dyslipidemia in Pregnancy
Women's Health Considerations for Lipid Management
Statins and Diabetes
Statins and Cognitive Side Effects: What Cardiologists Need to Know
Statins and the Liver
Genetic Testing in Hyperlipidemia
Lipid Management in Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Managing Residual Risk After Myocardial Infarction Among Individuals with Low Cholesterol Levels
Management of Hypertriglyceridemia for Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Dyslipidemia in Special Ethnic Populations
ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
FORTHCOMING ISSUES
June 2016
September 2016
December 2016
RECENT ISSUES
December 2015
September 2015
June 2015
Erratum
Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Key points
INTRODUCTION
Pathophysiology
Genetics of Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Prevalence of Familial Hypercholesterolemia
PATIENT EVALUATION
Screening Strategies
Diagnosis
Genetic Testing
Prognosis
Risk assessment tools
TREATMENT
Lifestyle and Noncholesterol Risk Factor Modification
Pharmacologic Therapy
Combination Therapy
Low-Density Lipoprotein Apheresis
Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Treatment Considerations
SURGICAL THERAPY
TREATMENT RESISTANCE/COMPLICATIONS
Side Effects of Medications
Statins and muscle problems
Statins and liver issues
DRUGS IN DEVELOPMENT
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
New Cholesterol Guidelines for the Management of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk
Key points
THE 2013 AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY/AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION GUIDELINE ON THE TREATMENT OF BLOOD CHOLESTEROL
Scope and Methodology
Groups Benefiting from Statin Therapy ("Statin Benefit Groups")
Pooled Cohort Risk Equations for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment
Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Treatment Targets
THE 2014 NATIONAL LIPID ASSOCIATION RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PATIENT-CENTERED MANAGEMENT OF DYSLIPIDEMIA
Scope and Methodology
Atherogenic Cholesterol (Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol)
Assessment of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk
Treatment Algorithm
COMPARISON AND CONTRASTS OF THE NEW GUIDELINES
Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Treatment Goals
Combination Statin Therapy
Implications of the IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment
Importance of Shared Decision Making and a Patient-Centered Approach
Lipid Targets and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Monitoring
The Way Forward
REFERENCES
Lipoprotein Apheresis
Key points
INTRODUCTION
CRITERIA FOR LIPOPROTEIN APHERESIS
POTENTIAL PATIENT POPULATION WHO QUALIFY FOR LIPOPROTEIN APHERESIS
BILLING AND CODING INFORMATION
APPROVED LIPOPROTEIN APHERESIS MACHINES IN THE UNITED STATES
Futura, B Braun, Melsungen, Germany
Heparin-induced extracorporeal low-density lipoprotein precipitation
MAO3 Liposorber, Kaneka, Osaka, Japan
Dextran sulfate low-density lipoprotein adsorption
Further lipoprotein apheresis information
Contraindications/Complications/Adverse Events
Special Points of Interest
Clinical Benefit
LIPOPROTEINS AND OTHER PROTEINS ALTERED BY LIPOPROTEIN APHERESIS
Low-density Lipoprotein (Apolipoprotein B-containing Particles)
High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
Triglycerides and Other Apolipoproteins
Lp(a)
Inflammatory and Other Markers Affected
RHEOLOGY
ALTERNATIVE USES
SUMMARY
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Dyslipidemia in Pregnancy
Key points
INTRODUCTION
CHOLESTEROL AND FETAL DEVELOPMENT
PREVALENCE OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK FACTORS
FETAL CONSIDERATIONS
MATERNAL CONSIDERATIONS
POSTPARTUM CONSIDERATIONS
REFERENCES
Women's Health Considerations for Lipid Management
Key points
INTRODUCTION
DETECTION, MANAGEMENT, AND TREATMENT OF DYSLIPIDEMIA IN PREGNANCY
Lipid Values in Normal and Abnormal Pregnancies
Optimum Strategies for Detection and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Pregnancy
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hypertriglyceridemia in Pregnancy
Treatment and Monitoring of Dyslipidemia Associated with Pregnancy
Familial Hyperlipidemia Monitoring and Treatment
Recommendations for Women with Dyslipidemia Who Are Breastfeeding
LONG-TERM IMPLICATIONS OF COMPLICATIONS IN PREGNANCY
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
SCREENING FOR ASSOCIATED DYSLIPIDEMIA IN POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME
TREATMENT OF DYSLIPIDEMIA IN POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME
DYSLIPIDEMIA TREATMENT AND UNIQUE CHALLENGES FOR WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME
Contraception
LIPID CHANGES WITH DIFFERENT FORMS OF CONTRACEPTION
Combined Oral Contraceptives
NON-COMBINED ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS
Intrauterine Devices
Progestin Only
Permanent Sterilization
MENOPAUSE TRANSITION
Lipid Changes During Menopause
CURRENT RECOMMENDATIONS FOR HORMONE THERAPY
REFERENCES
Statins and Diabetes
Key points
INTRODUCTION
CLINICAL TRIAL EVIDENCE REGARDING STATIN USE AND DIABETES
West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study
Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin
Metaanalyses of Statin Clinical Trials and the Risk:Benefit Ratio
Observational Studies of the Relationship Between Statin Use and Diabetes Risk
Mechanisms for Causality Between Use of Statins and Increased Diabetes Risk
Impact of Statin Therapy on Glycemic Control in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Clinical Guidance
Criteria for Screening
Potential Use of Nonstatin Add-On Therapy as an Alternative to Statin Intensification in Primary Prevention
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Statins and Cognitive Side Effects
Key points
INTRODUCTION
COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT DEFINED AND IMPLICATIONS FOR IATROGENESIS
OBJECTIVE
POSSIBLE MECHANISMS
LIMITS AND STRENGTHS OF CURRENT DATA AND CONSIDERATIONS FOR VASCULAR RISK FACTOR CONTROL
SUGGESTIONS FOR CLINICIANS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Statins and the Liver
Key points
INTRODUCTION
Patient Evaluation Overview
Pharmacologic Treatment Options and Complications
Evaluation of Outcome and Recommendations in Specific Liver Diseases
Hepatitis C
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Cholestatic Liver Disease
Liver Transplantation
SUMMARY/DISCUSSION
REFERENCES
Genetic Testing in Hyperlipidemia
Key points
INTRODUCTION
GENETIC TESTING IN FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA
Current Clinical Criteria for Diagnosis of Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Genetic Testing to Improve Diagnostic Accuracy
Genetic Testing in Screening for Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Genetic Testing in the Treatment of Familial Hypercholesterolemia
OTHER POTENTIAL USES OF GENETIC TESTING
GENETIC TESTING IN HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA
DISADVANTAGES OF GENETIC TESTING
CURRENT TESTS AVAILABLE
SUMMARY
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Lipid Management in Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Key points
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
Antiretroviral Therapy
Lipid Changes with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Antiretroviral Therapy
GUIDELINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF DYSLIPIDEMIA IN PATIENTS INFECTED WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
Risk Stratification and Scores
Lipid Targets for Patients Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
Triglycerides
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol
MANAGEMENT OF DYSLIPIDEMIA IN PATIENTS INFECTED WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS
When to Use Measures of Residual Risk
History and Physical Examination
Laboratory Evaluation
Therapeutic Lifestyle Modification
Medications
Statins
Efficacy
Drug-drug interactions between antiretroviral therapy and statins
Statin use with antiretroviral therapy pharmacokinetic enhancers
Treatment of patients coinfected with hepatitis C
Other classes of antiretroviral therapy
Side effects of statin drugs
Liver side effects
Muscle
Neurologic
Diabetes and insulin resistance
Nonstatin drugs for the treatment of dyslipidemia
Intestine absorption inhibitors
Niacin (Nicotinic acid)
Bile acid sequestrants
Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia
Fibrates
Fish oil
Niacin
Other Issues Related to Drug Therapy
Cost of drugs and coverage
Combination with other nonstatin drugs
Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Switching Antiretroviral Therapy
Monitoring and Follow-up
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Managing Residual Risk After Myocardial Infarction Among Individuals with Low Cholesterol Levels
Key points
INTRODUCTION
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND SIGNIFICANCE
CURRENT GUIDELINES FOR POST-MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORTING EVIDENCE
Cardiac Rehabilitation and Lifestyle Changes
Evidence-Based Post-Myocardial Infarction Pharmacologic Treatment
Antiplatelet therapy
Renin-angiotensin system inhibition
ß-Blocker therapy
Statin therapy
Complications and Comorbidities
MANAGING SERUM LIPIDS IN THE CONTEMPORARY ERA
Other Lipid Targets
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Management of Hypertriglyceridemia for Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Key points
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA
HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA VERSUS ATHEROSCLEROTIC CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: ASSOCIATION AND POTENTIAL CAUSATION
Mechanisms of Accelerated Atherogenesis in Hypertriglyceridemia
The Atherogenic Dyslipidemia
Genetic Evidence for a Causal Role of Hypertriglyceridemia in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
EFFECTS OF TRIGLYCERIDE LEVEL-LOWERING MEDICATIONS ON ATHEROSCLEROTIC CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE EVENTS: RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIALS
Randomized Clinical Trials of Fenofibrate
Randomized Clinical Trials of Omega-3
Randomized Clinical Trials of Niacin
Summary of Completed Randomized Clinical Trials of Triglyceride Level Lowering Versus Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Ongoing Randomized Clinical Trials of Triglyceride Level Lowering Versus Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
TREATMENT RECOMMENDATIONS FOR HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA
Current Guidelines for Management of Hypertriglyceridemia
Diet and Lifestyle Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia
Treatment of Secondary Factors in Hypertriglyceridemia
Pharmacotherapy Treatment Recommendations Adjunctive to Current Guidelines
REFERENCES
Dyslipidemia in Special Ethnic Populations
Key points
INTRODUCTION
PREVALENCE OF DYSLIPIDEMIA SUBTYPES AMONG SPECIAL RACIAL/ETHNIC GROUPS
Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
Triglycerides
DYSLIPIDEMIA-RELATED MORTALITY IN SPECIAL RACIAL/ETHNIC GROUPS
TREATMENT OF DYSLIPIDEMIA
Overview
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Risk Stratification
Race/Ethnic Differences in Statin Response
Statin metabolism and drug sensitivity
Statin efficacy in Asian populations
Lifestyle Modification in Special Racial/Ethnic Groups
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Index

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