De Magnete

Name: De Magnete
Brand: Dover Publications
Price: 29.49 EUR
Availability: OnlineOnly

William Gilbert(Autor*in)

Dover Publications (Verlag)

Erschienen am 31. Januar 2013

519 Seiten

E-Book

ePUB mit Adobe-DRM

Systemvoraussetzungen

978-0-486-16301-7 (ISBN)

29,49 €inkl. 7% MwSt.

Systemvoraussetzungen

für ePUB mit Adobe-DRM

E-Book Einzellizenz

Als Download verfügbar

Beschreibung

Weitere Details

Weitere Ausgaben

Person

Inhalt

Intro
Title Page
Copyright Page
TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE.
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIR.
Table of Contents
AUTHOR'S PREFACE. - TO THE CANDID READER, STUDIOUS OF THE MAGNETIC PHILOSOPHY.
EXPLANATION OF SOME TERMS USED IN THIS WORK.
BOOK FIRST.
CHAPTER I. - WRITINGS OF ANCIENT AND MODERN AUTHORS CONCERNING THE LOADSTONE : VARIOUS OPINIONS AND DELUSIONS.
CHAPTER II. - THE LOADSTONE : WHAT IT IS: ITS DISCOVERY.
CHAPTER III. - THE LOADSTONE POSSESSES PARTS DIFFERING IN THEIR NATURAL POWERS, AND HAS POLES CONSPICUOUS FOR THEIR PROPERTIES.
CHAPTER IV. - WHICH POLE IS THE NORTH: HOW THE NORTH POLE IS DISTINGUISHED FROM THE SOUTH POLE.
CHAPTER V. - ONE LOADSTONE APPEARS TO ATTRACT ANOTHER IN THE NATURAL POSITION
BUT IN THE OPPOSITE POSITION REPELS IT AND BRINGS IT TO RIGHTS.
CHAPTER VI. - THE LOADSTONE ATTRACTS IRON ORE AS WELL AS THE SMELTED METAL.
CHAPTER VII. - WHAT IRON IS
WHAT ITS MATTER
ITS USE.
CHAPTER VIII. - IN WHAT COUNTRIES AND REGIONS IRON IS PRODUCED.
CHAPTER IX. - IRON ORE ATTRACTS IRON ORE.
CHAPTER X. - IRON ORE HAS AND ACQUIRES POLES, AND ARRANGES ITSELF WITH REFERENCE TO THE EARTH'S POLES.
CHAPTER XI. - WROUGHT-IRON, NOT MAGNETIZED BY THE LOADSTONE, ATTRACTS IRON.
CHAPTER XII. - A LONG PIECE OF IRON, EVEN NOT MAGNETIZED, ASSUMES A NORTH AND SOUTH DIRECTION.
CHAPTER XIII. - SMELTED IRON HAS IN ITSELF FIXED NORTH AND SOUTH PARTS, MAGNETIC ACTIVITY, VERTICITY, AND FIXED VERTICES OR POLES.
CHAPTER XIV. - OF OTHER PROPERTIES OF THE LOADSTONE AND OF ITS MEDICINAL VIRTUE.
CHAPTER XV. - THE MEDICINAL POWER OF THE IRON.
CHAPTER XVI. - THAT LOADSTONE AND IRON ORE ARE THE SAME, AND THAT IRON IS OBTAINED FROM BOTH, LIKE OTHER METALS FROM THEIR ORES
AND THAT ALL MAGNETIC PROPERTIES EXIST, THOUGH WEAKER, BOTH IN SMELTED IRON AND IN IRON ORE.
CHAPTER XVII. - THAT THE TERRESTRIAL GLOBE IS MAGNETIC AND IS A LOADSTONE
AND JUST AS IN OUR HANDS THE LOADSTONE POSSESSES ALL THE PRIMARY POWERS (FORCES) OF THE EARTH, SO THE EARTH BY REASON OF THE SAME POTENCIES LIES EVER IN THE SAME DIRECTION IN THE UNIVERSE.
BOOK SECOND.
CHAPTER I. - OF MAGNETIC MOVEMENTS.
CHAPTER II. - OF MAGNETIC COITION
AND, FIRST, OF THE ATTRACTION EXERTED BY AMBER, OR MORE PROPERLY THE ATTACHMENT OF BODIES TO AMBER.
CHAPTER III. - OPINIONS OF OTHERS CONCERNING MAGNETIC COITION, WHICH THEY CALL ATTRACTION.
CHAPTER IV. - OF THE STRENGTH OF A LOADSTONE AND ITS FORM: THE CAUSE OF COITION.
CHAPTER V. - IN WHAT MANNER THE ENERGY INHERES IN THE LOADSTONE.
CHAPTER VI. - HOW MAGNETIZED IRON AND SMALLER LOADSTONES CONFORM TO THE TERRELLA AND TO THE EARTH ITSELF, AND ARE GOVERNED THEREBY.
CHAPTER VII. - OF THE POTENCY OF THE MAGNETIC FORCE, AND OF ITS SPHERICAL EXTENSION.
CHAPTER VIII. - OF THE GEOGRAPHY OF THE EARTH AND THE TERRELLA.
CHAPTER IX. - OF THE EQUINOCTIAL CIRCLE OF EARTH AND TERRELLA.
CHAPTER X. - THE EARTH'S MAGNETIC MERIDIANS.
CHAPTER XI. - PARALLELS.
CHAPTER XII. - THE MAGNETIC HORIZON.
CHAPTER XIII. - OF THE MAGNETIC AXIS AND POLES.
CHAPTER XIV. - WHY THE COITION IS STRONGER AT THE POLE THAN IN THE PARTS BETWEEN EQUATOR AND POLE
AND THE RELATIVE POWER OF COITION IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE EARTH AND THE TERRELLA.
CHAPTER XV. - THE MAGNETIC FORCE IMPARTED TO IRON IS MORE APPARENT IN AN IRON ROD THAN IN AN IRON SPHERE OR CUBE, OR IRON OF ANY OTHER SHAPE.
CHAPTER XVI. - THAT MOTION IS PRODUCED BY THE MAGNETIC FORCE THROUGH SOLID BODIES INTERPOSED: OF THE INTERPOSITION OF A PLATE OF IRON.
CHAPTER XVII. - OF THE IRON HELMET (CAP) OF THE LOADSTONE, WHEREWITH IT IS ARMED AT THE POLE TO INCREASE ITS ENERGY
EFFICIENCY OF THE SAME.
CHAPTER XVIII. - AN ARMED LOADSTONE DOES NOT ENDOW WITH GREATER FORCE MAGNETIZED IRON THAN DOES AN UNARMED ONE.
CHAPTER XIX. - THAT UNITION IS STRONGER WITH AN ARMED LOADSTONE
HEAVIER WEIGHTS ARE THUS LIFTED
THE COITION IS NOT STRONGER, BUT COMMONLY WEAKER.
CHAPTER XX. - THAT AN ARMED MAGNET LIFTS ANOTHER, AND THAT ONE A THIRD: THIS HOLDS GOOD THOUGH THERE BE LESS ENERGY IN THE FIRST.
CHAPTER XXI. - THAT WHEN PAPER OR OTHER MEDIUM IS INTERPOSED, AN ARMED LOADSTONE DOES NOT LIFT MORE THAN ONE UNARMED.
CHAPTER XXII. - THAT AN ARMED LOADSTONE DOES NOT ATTRACT IRON MORE THAN AN UNARMED ONE
AND THAT THE ARMED STONE IS MORE STRONGLY UNITED TO THE IRON, IS SHOWN BY MEANS OF AN ARMED LOADSTONE AND A CYLINDER OF POLISHED IRON.
CHAPTER XXIII. - THE MAGNETIC FORCE MAKES MOTION TOWARD UNION, AND WHEN UNITED CONNECTS FIRMLY.
CHAPTER XXIV. - THAT IRON WITHIN THE FIELD OF A LOADSTONE HANGS SUSPENDED IN AIR, IF ON ACCOUNT OF AN OBSTACLE IT CANNOT COME NEAR.
CHAPTER XXV. - INTENSIFYING THE LOADSTONE'S FORCES.
CHAPTER XXVI. - WHY THE LOVE OF IRON AND LOADSTONE APPEARS GREATER THAN THAT OF LOADSTONE AND LOADSTONE, OR IRON AND IRON WHEN NIGH A LOADSTONE AND WITHIN ITS FIELD.
CHAPTER XXVII. - THAT THE CENTRE OF THE MAGNETIC FORCES IN THE EARTH IS THE CENTRE OF THE EARTH
AND IN THE TERRELLA THE TERRELLA'S CENTRE.
CHAPTER XXVIII. - THAT A LOADSTONE DOES NOT ATTRACT TO A FIXED POINT OR POLE ONLY, BUT TO EVERY PART OF A TERRELLA, EXCEPT THE EQUINOCTIAL CIRCLE.
CHAPTER XXIX. - OF DIFFERENCE OF FORCES DEPENDENT ON QUANTITY OR MASS.
CHAPTER XXX. - THE SHAPE AND THE MASS OF AN IRON OBJECT ARE IMPORTANT IN MAGNETIC COITIONS.
CHAPTER XXXI. - OF OBLONG AND ROUND STONES.
CHAPTER XXXII. - SOME PROBLEMS AND MAGNETIC EXPERIMENTS ON THE COITION, AND REPULSION, AND REGULAR MOVEMENT, OF MAGNETIC BODIES.
CHAPTER XXXIII. - OF THE DIFFERENCE IN THE RATIO OF STRENGTH AND MOVEMENT OF COITION WITHIN THE SPHERE OF INFLUENCE.
CHAPTER XXXIV. - WHY A LOADSTONE IS OF DIFFERENT POWER IN ITS POLES AS WELL IN THE NORTH AS IN THE SOUTH REGIONS.
CHAPTER XXXV. - OF A PERPETUAL-MOTION ENGINE ACTUATED BY THE ATTRACTION OF A LOADSTONE, MENTIONED BY AUTHORS.
CHAPTER XXXVI. - HOW A STRONG LOADSTONE MAY BE RECOGNIZED.
CHAPTER XXXVII. - USES OF THE LOADSTONE AS IT AFFECTS IRON.
CHAPTER XXXVIII. - OF THE ATTRACTIONS OF OTHER BODIES.
CHAPTER XXXIX. - OF MUTUALLY REPELLANT BODIES.
BOOK III.
CHAPTER I. - OF DIRECTION.
CHAPTER II. - DIRECTIVE (OR VERSORIAL) FORCE, WHICH WE CALL VERTICITY : WHAT IT IS
HOW IT RESIDES IN THE LOADSTONE
AND HOW IT IS ACQUIRED WHEN NOT NATURALLY PRODUCED.
CHAPTER III. - HOW IRON ACQUIRES VERTICITY FROM THE LOADSTONE, AND HOW THIS VERTICITY IS LOST OR ALTERED.
CHAPTER IV. - WHY MAGNETIZED IRON TAKES OPPOSITE VERTICITY
AND WHY IRON TOUCHED BY THE TRUE NORTH SIDE OF THE STONE MOVES TO THE EARTH'S NORTH, AND WHEN TOUCHED BY THE TRUE SOUTH SIDE TO THE EARTH'S SOUTH: IRON RUBBED WITH THE NORTH POINT OF THE STONE DOES NOT TURN TO THE SOUTH, NOR vice versa, AS ALL WRITERS ON THE LOADSTONE HAVE ERRONEOUSLY THOUGHT.
CHAPTER V. - OF MAGNETIZING STONES OF DIFFERENT SHAPES.
CHAPTER VI. - WHAT SEEMS TO BE A CONTRARY MOVEMENT OF MAGNETIC BODIES IS THE REGULAR TENDENCE TO UNION.
CHAPTER VII. - A DETERMINATE VERTICITY AND A DIRECTIVE POWER MAKE MAGNETIC BODIES ACCORD, AND NOT AN ATTRACTIONAL OR A REPULSATIVE FORCE, NOR STRONG COITION ALONE OR UNITION.
CHAPTER VIII. - OF DISAGREEMENTS BETWEEN PIECES OF IRON ON THE SAME POLE OF A LOADSTONE
HOW THEY MAY COME TOGETHER AND BE CONJOINED.
CHAPTER IX. - DIRECTIONAL FIGURES SHOWING THE VARIETIES OF ROTATION.
CHAPTER X. - OF THE MUTATION OF VERTICITY AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES, OR OF THE ALTERATION OF THE FORCE AWAKENED BY THE LOADSTONE.
CHAPTER XI. - OF FRICTION OF IRON WITH THE MID PARTS OF A LOADSTONE BETWEEN THE POLES, AND AT THE EQUINOCTIAL CIRCLE OF A TERRELLA.
CHAPTER XII. - HOW VERTICITY EXISTS IN ALL SMELTED IRON NOT EXCITED BY THE LOADSTONE.
CHAPTER XIII. - WHY NO OTHER BODIES SAVE THE MAGNETIC ARE IMBUED WITH VERTICITY BY FRICTION WITH A LOADSTONE
AND WHY NO BODY NOT MAGNETIC CAN IMPART AND AWAKEN THAT FORCE.
CHAPTER XIV. - THE POSITION OF A LOADSTONE, NOW ABOVE, ANON BENEATH, A MAGNETIC BODY SUSPENDED IN EQUILIBRIUM, ALTERS NEITHER THE FORCE NOR THE VERTICITY OF THE MAGNETIC BODY.
CHAPTER XV. - THE POLES, EQUATOR, CENTRE, ARE PERMANENT AND STABLE IN THE UNBROKEN LOADSTONE
WHEN IT IS REDUCED IN SIZE AND A PART TAKEN AWAY, THEY VARY AND OCCUPY OTHER POSITIONS.
CHAPTER XVI. - IF THE SOUTH PART OF A LOADSTONE HAVE A PART BROKEN OFF, SOMEWHAT OF POWER IS TAKEN AWAY FROM THE NORTH PART ALSO.
CHAPTER XVII. - OF THE USE OF ROTARY NEEDLES AND THEIR ADVANTAGES
HOW THE DIRECTIVE IRON ROTARY NEEDLES OF SUNDAILS AND THE NEEDLES OF THE MARINER'S COMPASS ARE TO BE RUBBED WITH LOADSTONE IN ORDER TO ACQUIRE STRONGER VERTICITY.
BOOK IV.
CHAPTER I. - OF VARIATION.
CHAPTER II. - THAT VARIATION IS DUE TO INEQUALITY AMONG THE EARTH'S ELEVATIONS.
CHAPTER III. - VARIATION IS CONSTANT AT A GIVEN PLACE.
CHAPTER IV. - THE ARC OF VARIATION DOES NOT DIFFER ACCORDING TO DISTANCE BETWEEN PLACES.
CHAPTER V. - AN ISLAND IN OCEAN DOES NOT ALTER THE VARIATION
NEITHER DO MINES OF LOADSTONE.
CHAPTER VI. - THAT VARIATION AND DIRECTION ARE PRODUCED BY THE CONTROLLING FORCE OF THE EARTH AND THE ROTATORY MAGNETIC NATURE, NOT BY AN ATTRACTION OR A COITION, OR BY OTHER OCCULT CAUSE.
CHAPTER VII. - WHY THE VARIATION DUE TO THIS LATERAL CAUSE IS NOT GREATER THAN HITHERTO IT HAS BEEN OBSERVED TO BE, SELDOM APPEARING TO AMOUNT TO TWO POINTS OF THE COMPASS, EXCEPT NEAR THE POLE.
CHAPTER VIII. - OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE COMMON MARINER'S COMPASS, AND OF THE DIFFERENT COMPASSES OF VARIOUS NATIONS.
CHAPTER IX. - WHETHER TERRESTRIAL LONGITUDE CAN BE FOUND FROM VARIATION.
CHAPTER X. - WHY IN VARIOUS PLACES NEAR THE POLE THE VARIATIONS ARE MUCH AMPLER THAN IN LOWER LATITUDES.
CHAPTER XI. - CARDAN'S ERROR IN SEEKING TO DETERMINE THE DISTANCE OF THE EARTH'S CENTRE FROM THE CENTRE OF THE WORLD BY MEANS OF THE LOADSTONE (IN HIS De Pro-portionibus, V).
CHAPTER XII. - OF FINDING THE AMOUNT OF THE VARIATION
WHAT THE QUANTITY IS OF THE ARC OF THE HORIZON FROM ITS ARCTIC OR ANTARCTIC INTERSECTION BY A MERIDIAN TO THE POINT TOWARD WHICH THE NEEDLE TURNS.
CHAPTER XIII. - OBSERVATIONS MADE BY SEAMEN COMMONLY VARY AND ARE UNTRUSTWORTHY, PARTLY THROUGH MISTAKES AND WANT OF KNOWLEDGE AND THE IMPERFECTNESS OF THE INSTRUMENTS, AND PARTLY BECAUSE THE SEA IS SELDOM SO CALM BUT SHADOWS OR LIGHTS MAY REST ON THE INSTRUMENTS.
CHAPTER XIV. - OF THE VARIATION UNDER THE EQUINOCTIAL LINE AND NEAR BY.
CHAPTER XV. - THE VARIATION OF THE MAGNETIZED NEEDLE IN THE GREAT SEA, ETHIOPIC AND AMERICAN, BELOW THE EQUATOR.
CHAPTER XVI. - OF THE VARIATION IN NOVA ZEMBLA.
CHAPTER XVII. - VARIATION IN THE SOUTH SEA.
CHAPTER XVIII. - OF THE VARIATION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA.
CHAPTER XIX. - THE VARIATION IN THE INTERIOR OF THE GREAT CONTINENTS.
CHAPTER XX. - THE VARIATION IN THE EASTERN OCEAN.
CHAPTER XXI. - HOW THE DEVIATION OF THE NEEDLE IS GREATER OR LESS ACCORDING TO THE DISTANCES OF PLACES.
BOOK V.
CHAPTER I. - OF THE DIP OF THE MAGNETIC NEEDLE.
CHAPTER II. - DIAGRAM SHOWING DIP OF THE MAGNETIC NEEDLE IN DIFFERENT POSITIONS OF A SPHERE AND HORIZONS OF THE EARTH IN WHICH THERE IS NO VARIATION OF DIP.
CHAPTER III. - AN INSTRUMENT FOR SHOWING BY THE ACTION OF A LOADSTONE THE DEGREE OF DIP BELOW THE HORIZON IN ANY LATITUDE.
CHAPTER IV. - OF A SUITABLE LENGTH OF NEEDLE ON THE TERRELLA FOR SHOWING THE DIP.
CHAPTER V. - THAT DIP IS NOT CAUSED BY THE ATTRACTION OF A LOADSTONE, BUT BY ITS POWER OF GIVING DIRECTION AND ROTATION.
CHAPTER VI. - OF THE RATIO OF DIP TO LATITUDE AND THE CAUSES THEREOF.
CHAPTER VII. - EXPLANATION OF THE DIAGRAM OF THE ROTATION OF MAGNETIZED IRON.
CHAPTER VIII. - DIAGRAM OF THE ROTATION OF MAGNETIZED IRON, SHOWING THE MAGNETIC DIP IN ALL LATITUDES, AND SHOWING THE LATITUDE FROM THE ROTATION AND DIP.
CHAPTER IX. - DEMONSTRATION OF DIRECTION, OR OF VARIATION FROM THE TRUE DIRECTION, TOGETHER WITH DIP, SIMPLY BY THE MOVEMENT IN WATER, DUE TO THE POWER OF CONTROLLING AND ROTATING.
CHAPTER X. - OF VARIATION OF DIP.
CHAPTER XI. - OF THE FORMAL MAGNETIC ACT SPHERICALLY EFFUSED.
CHAPTER XII. - THE MAGNETIC FORCE IS ANIMATE, OR IMITATES A SOUL
IN MANY RESPECTS IT SURPASSES THE HUMAN SOUL WHILE THAT IS UNITED TO AN ORGANIC BODY.
BOOK VI.
CHAPTER I. - OF THE GLOBE OF EARTH AS A LOADSTONE.
CHAPTER II. - THE MAGNETIC AXIS OF THE EARTH REMAINS INVARIABLE.
CHAPTER III. - OF THE DAILY MAGNETIC REVOLUTION OF THE GLOBES, AS AGAINST THE TIME-HONORED OPINION OF A primum mobile: A PROBABLE HYPOTHESIS.
CHAPTER IV. - THAT THE EARTH HATH A CIRCULAR MOTION.
CHAPTER V. - ARGUMENTS OF THOSE WHO DENY THE EARTH'S MOTION
AND REFUTATION THEREOF.
CHAPTER VI. - OF THE CAUSE OF THE DEFINITE TIME OF THE TOTAL REVOLUTION OF THE EARTH.
CHAPTER VII. - OF THE EARTH'S PRIMARY MAGNETIC NATURE, WHEREBY HER POLES ARE MADE DIFFERENT FROM THE POLES OF THE ECLIPTIC.
CHAPTER VIII. - OF THE PRECESSION OF THE EQUINOXES BY REASON OF THE MAGNETIC MOVEMENT OF THE EARTH'S POLES IN THE ARCTIC AND ANTARCTIC CIRCLE OF THE ZODIAC.
CHAPTER IX. - OF THE ANOMALY OF THE PRECESSION OF THE EQUINOXES AND OF THE OBLIQUITY OF THE ZODIAC.
GENERAL INDEX.

Systemvoraussetzungen

Als PDF speichern Als Link merken