Practical Pediatric Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

Contributors.
1 Introduction..
2 Settings and Staff.
The endoscopy unit.
Pediatric endoscopy nurse.
Disinfections of the endoscopes and accessories.
Documentation.
Further reading.
3 Equipment.
Overview.
Insertion tube.
Video image capture.
"Reading"' the image created on the CCD.
Types of CCDs.
History of endoscope CCD development.
Shape of displayed image.
Reproduction of color.
Reproduction of motion.
Transillumination.
Laser therapy with video endoscopes.
Image resolution.
Color reproduction accuracy.
Troubleshooting.
Endoscope reprocessing.
Summary.
Further reading.
4 Patient Preparation.
Pediatric-monitored sedation and anesthesia for diagnostic andtherapeutic procedures in endoscopy.
During sedation.
Postsedation care.
Specific sedation techniques.
Further reading.
5 Diagnostic Upper Endoscopy Technique.
Preparation for esophageal intubation.
Assembling the equipment and preprocedure checkup.
Endoscope handling.
Technique of esophageal intubation.
Indications for upper endoscopy.
Push enteroscopy/jejunoscopy.
Further reading.
6 Therapeutic Upper GI Endoscopy.
Benign esophageal stricture.
Pneumatic dilation in achalasia.
Foreign bodies.
Endoscopic hemostasis.
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.
Nasojejunal tube placement.
Further reading.
7 Pediatric Colonoscopy.
Introduction.
Indications for colonoscopy.
Preparation of the patient for colonoscopy.
Equipment.
Magnetic imaging system.
Informed consent and preprocedure preparation.
Sedation for colonoscopy.
Embryology of the colon.
Endoscopic anatomy.
Torque-steering technique.
Exploration of the sigmoid colon and sigmoid-descendingjunction.
Splenic flexure and transverse colon.
Hepatic flexure, ascending colon, and cecum.
Terminal ileum.
Complications.
Common pathology.
Further reading.
8 Polypectomy.
Basic principles of electrosurgery.
Snare loops.
Polypectomy routine.
Safety routine.
Safety conditions and techniques.
Complications.
Further reading.
9 Chromoendoscopy.
Indications.
Application technique.
Recognition of the lesions.
Further reading.
10 Wireless Capsule Endoscopy.
History.
The GIVEN M2A system.
Localization.
Suspected blood indicator.
Indication for use.
Diagnostic yield.
Contraindications to capsule endoscopy.
Pacemaker safety.
Bowel preparation.
Promotility agents.
Endoscopic assistance.
Complications.
Outcome of capsule endoscopy.
Pediatric patients.
Further reading.
Index.