Advances on Mechanics, Design Engineering and Manufacturing IV

Name: Advances on Mechanics, Design Engineering and Manufacturing IV | Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Mechanics, Design Engineering & Advanced Manufacturing, JCM 2022, June 1-3, 2022, Ischia, Italy
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Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Mechanics, Design Engineering & Advanced Manufacturing, JCM 2022, June 1-3, 2022, Ischia, Italy

Salvatore Gerbino Antonio Lanzotti Massimo Martorelli Ramón Mirálbes Buil Caterina Rizzi Lionel Roucoules(Herausgeber*in)

Springer (Verlag)

Erschienen am 24. September 2022

XXVII, 1625 Seiten

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Inhalt

Intro
Preface and Acknowledgements
Organization
Conference Chairs
Conference Advisory Chairmen
Scientific Committee Coordinator
Organizing Committee
Scientific Committee
Track General Chair
Track Chairs
Design Methods and Tools
Geometric Modelling and Analysis
Advanced Manufacturing and Control
X-Reality for Interactive Design
Education and Representation Techniques
ADM
Ingegraf
S.Mart
Contents
Design Methods and Tools
A Computer-Aided Tool for the Energy Optimization of Industrial Robots in Manufacturing Applications
1 Introduction
2 Dynamic Scaling for Trajectory Planning
3 Graphic User Interface
4 Conclusions
References
Experimentation and Characterization of Mycelium-Based Biocomposites for Ephemeral Product Applications
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Regulations, Tests and Specimens
2.2 Culture and Growth of the Specimens
2.3 Description of the Tests
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Life Cycle Assessment of a Mobile Tiny House Made with Sustainable Materials and Design Implications
1 Introduction
2 Context of the Work
3 Methodology, Goal and Scope of the Study
4 Data Collection and Life Cycle Inventory
4.1 Hemp Cultivation-Stage A1a
4.2 Hemp Shives Production-Stage A1b
4.3 Hemp Blocks Production-Stage A3
4.4 Construction of the Tiny Prototype-Stage A5
5 Results and Discussion
5.1 Life Cycle Impact Assessment
5.2 CML-IA Baseline Results for the Mobile Tiny House Prototype
6 Conclusions
References
Industrial Scraps Valorization: Designing Products to Make Detached Value Chains Circular
1 Introduction
2 Industrial Symbiosis Design Approach
3 Case Study: Include Scraps in Components Manufacturing
3.1 Scraps and Components Characterization
3.2 Re-design and Innovative Applications
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Circular Strategies to Improve Ephemeral Products Sustainability Through Co-creation and Its Metrics
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Objectives Definition
2.2 Ephemeral Products and Circular Economy
2.3 Metrics and Indexes in Circular Economy
3 Co-creation Workshop
3.1 Co-creation Workshop. Preparation and Description
3.2 Case Study: Surgical Face Masks
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Results of the Co-creation Process
4.2 Metric Test
5 Conclusions
References
A Step Forward Life Cycle Assessment to Optimize Products and Increase Company Eco-design Competencies
1 Introduction
2 Approach
3 Case Study
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Workstation Design Centered to Workers' Safe Use
1 Introduction
1.1 Context and Aim of the Paper
1.2 Our Approach and Hypothesis
2 Design Methodology
2.1 System Engineering Approach
2.2 Workstation Layout Design for Workers' Safety Use
3 Ergonomic Analysis
4 Conclusion, Future Works
References
Design and Manufacture of a Sustainable Recycled Plastic Shredder
1 Introduction
1.1 Object
1.2 State of Art and Justification
2 Methodology
3 Background
3.1 Market Study
3.2 Study of the Basic Model
3.3 Innovation and New Design Requirements
4 Solutions and Prototyping Process
5 Prototype Analysis
5.1 Prototype Experimental Analysis
6 Conclusions
7 Future Prototype Improvements
References
Critical Analysis on the Limitations of the Diffusion of Life Cycle Assessment
1 Introduction
2 Literature Background
3 Methodology
3.1 Used Approach
3.2 Considered Case Studies
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Identified Problems
4.2 Proposed Strategies of Intervention
5 Conclusions
References
Implementation of a Sustainable Washing System Applied to Waste Recycling
1 Introduction
1.1 The Microplastic Problem
2 The Washing System
2.1 Experimentation
3 Premises for a Sustainable Washing System
3.1 Conceptualization and Ideas
3.2 Construction
4 Future Work
4.1 Divulgation of the Information in Open-Source Communities
4.2 Design and Testing of a 3D Printed Microplastics Filter
5 Conclusions
References
Basic Design and Virtual Prototyping of a Hydrofoil Hybrid Daysailer
1 Introduction
2 State of Art
3 Introduction to the Foil-Sailing Theory
3.1 The Lift Generated by a General Wing
3.2 The Behavior of a Wing in Water
3.3 Introduction to the Stability of a Foiling Sailboat
4 Basic Design and Virtual Prototyping of "ROMa 33" Project
4.1 Hull Concept
4.2 Hull Design
4.3 Hydrofoil Design
4.4 Positioning of the Bulkhead Containing the Hydrofoil
5 Roma 33 Performance Simulations
5.1 Main Hydrofoil CFD Analysis
5.2 Overall Appendices CFD Analysis
5.3 Hydrogen Propulsion and Hydrides
6 Conclusion
References
Virtual Design for Repair: The Case of a Gearmotor
1 Introduction
2 The Method
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Disassembly Analysis
3.2 Failure Causes
3.3 The Gearmotor Re-design
4 Conclusions
References
Can MaWR-Method for Symmetry Plane Detection be Generalized for Complex Panfacial Fractures?
1 Introduction
2 Methods and Tools
2.1 MaWR-Method
2.2 Asymmetry Value Index
2.3 Starting Data
3 Results
4 Conclusions
References
Mixed Reality-Based Support for Total Hip Arthroplasty Assessment
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
A Semiautomatic Procedure to Assist Physicians in Paediatric Airway Stenting
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Stent Characterization Procedure
3 Case Studies
4 Conclusion
References
An Engineering Method to Evaluate Care Processes and Introduce Televisits
1 Introduction
2 Scientific Background
3 Method and Tools
4 Application to a Case Study
4.1 Collection of Information
4.2 Representation of Process with IDEF0
4.3 Check of Preliminary Mapping
4.4 Discussion on the Introduction of Televisits
5 Discussions
6 Conclusion
References
Modeling of Cutting Operations for Robotic Surgery Using CAE Tools
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Overview on Milling and Deburring
4 Mechanical Design of the Compliant Spindle
5 Virtual Prototype via CAE Tools
6 Results
7 Conclusions
References
Skeleton and Medial Axis Functions Evaluation of Voxel Discretized Geometries
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Geometry Models
2.2 Scanning Imaging Algorithm
2.3 Shape Analysis: Thinning and Distance Function Algorithms
3 Results
4 Conclusions
References
User-Centered Design for Manufacturing and Assembly: An Application in the Early Design Stages
1 Introduction
1.1 Related Literature Review
2 Method
3 Results
3.1 Step1 Modular Design
3.2 Step2 Decisional Step
4 Discussion and Conclusions
References
A Medical Device for Correctly Positioning Custom-Made Implants for Fractured Orbital Cavities
1 Introduction
2 Design and Development of the Orbital Implant Positioner
2.1 Requirements and Functions
2.2 Technical Specifications
2.3 Conceptualisation
2.4 Embodiment and Detail Design
2.5 Physical Prototyping
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Assessment of the Patient-Specific Implant Accuracy
3.2 Assessment of the Implant Positioner Orientation
4 Conclusions
References
A 3D Modeling Approach to Realize and Test Customized Knee Implants
1 Introduction
2 Method and Tools
2.1 Case Study
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
A Design-Based Thinking for Alarm Use and Management in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
1 Introduction
1.1 Communication
1.2 Alarm Fatigue
1.3 The Nurse
2 Methodology
2.1 Framework for Critical Alarms Design (Sanz-Segura, 2021) [2]
2.2 Data Collection
2.3 Data Analysis
2.4 Prototype the Concept
3 Results
3.1 Communicative Efficiency
3.2 Smart Alarm Management
3.3 Soundscape Treatment
3.4 Technical Aspects
4 Conclusion
5 Discussion
References
A Design Method for Custom Functionally Graded Lattice Orthoses
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Acquisition of the Geometry
2.2 3D Modelling
2.3 Manufacturing
3 Results
4 Conclusions
References
Automatic Segmentation of Stomach of Patients Affected by Obesity
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Dataset
2.2 Network Architecture
2.3 Training Configuration
2.4 Metrics and Evaluation
3 Results
4 Conclusions
References
Automatic Outcomes in Minnesota Dexterity Test Using a System of Multiple Depth Cameras
1 Introduction
2 Material and Methods
2.1 Instrumentation
2.2 Experimental Protocol
2.3 Data Processing
3 Results and Discussions
4 Conclusion
References
Optimal Design of Surface Functionally Graded Dental Implants with Improved Properties
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 CAD Modelling and Implant Design Criteria
2.2 Numerical Simulation
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
The Morphological and Geometrical Segmentation of Human Thoracic and Lumbar Vertebrae: An Automatic Computer-Based Method
1 Introduction
2 The Proposed Computer-Based Methodology
2.1 Local Coordinate System (LCS) Identification
2.2 3D Semantic Features Segmentation
2.3 3D Geometric Features Segmentation
2.4 3D Dimensional Features Evaluation
3 Results
4 Conclusion
References
Interpreting Emotions with EEG: An Experimental Study with Chromatic Variation in VR
1 Introduction
1.1 The Representation of Emotions
1.2 Overview of the Color Influence and EEG Emotions Interpretation
2 Methods
2.1 EEG as a Physiological Tool for Understanding Users' Emotions
2.2 Data Analysis and Feature Extraction
2.3 Experiment Setup
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Evaluation Method of Modular Products for the Prosumer. Proposal and Improvement
1 Introduction
2 Methodological Description
3 Results
3.1 Optimized Evaluation Method
3.2 Products' Evaluation
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Experimenting with the Design Thinking Methodology in Citizen Participation Contexts
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
Surface Grinding of Borosilicate Crown Glass Optics via a Robotic Approach Based on Superposed Trajectories
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Superposed Trajectories
2.2 Preliminary Calculations
2.3 Experimental Setup
2.4 Grinding Tests
3 Results
3.1 Material Removal
3.2 Surface Roughness and Profile Error Values
3.3 Surface Topography
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Design Requirements Assessment in the COMMAND (COmpact Multi-purpose Muon and Neutron Detector) Project
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Requirement Assessment
2.2 Proof of Concept Model
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
Path Approximation Strategies for Robot Manufacturing: A Preliminary Experimental Evaluation
1 Introduction
2 Path Planning in Robot Manufacturing
3 C1 Corner Smoothing Approach
4 Experiments
5 Conclusions
References
Design and Development of an IoT Enabled Device for Remote Monitoring of Hydraulic Hammers
1 Introduction
2 Proposed System
2.1 Material
2.2 Proposed System Architecture
3 Conclusion
References
Implementing Vocal Natural Language Interface to Enterprise Resource Planning System
1 Introduction: Are Current ERP Systems 4.0?
2 Related Works: Natural Language Interface to SQL Database
3 Proposition: A Deep Learning Vocal Interface to ERP
3.1 Speech Recognition
3.2 Text-to-SQL Parser
3.3 Post Process of SQL
4 Use Case on an Open ERP
5 Future Works and Conclusion
References
Collective Intelligence Application in a Kitting Picking Zone of the Automotive Industry
1 Introduction
2 Problem Description
2.1 Use Case, Problematic and Objective
2.2 State of the Art
3 Current Process Description
4 System Modeling Proposal
4.1 Identified Target
4.2 Architecture Proposal
5 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Application of Neural Networks for Smart Tightening of Aeronautical Bolted Assemblies
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Campaign
3 Neural Network
4 Results
5 Conclusion & Perspectives
References
Towards a Digital Factory in the Leather Goods Sector: The Case of an Italian Company
1 Introduction
2 Towards Smart and Digital Factories
3 The Proposed Methodology
3.1 STEP 1 - Evaluation of the Internal and External Situation
3.2 STEP 2 - Digitalization Level Measurement
3.3 STEP 3 - Business Digitalization Roadmap
3.4 STEP 4 - Strategy Application and Analysis
3.5 STEP 5 - Scalability
4 Case Study
4.1 Company Background and Motivations
4.2 Preliminary Method Application
5 Conclusions
References
Digital Continuity Based on Reinforcement Learning Model Transformations
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Discussion
4 Overview of the Proposed Approach
4.1 Input Data: Dataset Presentation
4.2 Extraction of Graph Structure and Graph Information
4.3 Reinforcement Learning of Transformation Rules
5 Experiment
6 Conclusion
References
Enhancing Human-Robot Collaboration in the Industry 5.0 Context: Workplace Layout Prototyping
1 Introduction
2 Previous Works and Purpose of the Current Work
3 Suitable Tools for 3D Visualization
4 Integration of Software Tools Aiming at Digital Prototyping of HRC Workplace Layout
5 Case Study
6 Conclusions and Future Works
References
Requirements Management in Master Model Development: A Case Study in Fusion Engineering
1 Introduction
2 Master Model Procedure
2.1 Requirements and Design Parameters Identification
2.2 Parametric Digital Model Development
2.3 Geometrical Variants Generation and Verification
3 Case Study: Design Progress of a DEMO Divertor Subsystem
4 Conclusions and Future Works
References
Towards a Knowledge-Based Additive Manufacturing Approach
1 Introduction
1.1 Knowledge Modelling: Opportunities and Needs for Design and Manufacturing
1.2 Objectives and Scope
2 Knowledge Management for AM
2.1 Knowledge Elicitation as a KM Process Step
2.2 Elicitation Techniques Tested in AM Context
3 Proposition of a Knowledge Model Related to EBM
3.1 RKM Definition
3.2 RKM Structure Illustration
3.3 RKM Application to Part Orientation
4 Conclusion
4.1 Towards a Knowledge-Based Manufacturing Solution
4.2 Further Opportunities
References
Systems and Requirements Engineering: An Approach and a Software Tool for the Interactive and Consistent Functional Requirement Specification
1 Introduction
2 State of Art
3 Syntax Framework for Requirement Statements Construction
4 Tool Support and Evaluation of Theoretical Framework
4.1 Description of the Requirements Writing Tool (RWT)
4.2 Tool Testing for Framework Evaluation
4.3 Results
5 Conclusions and Future Works
References
Analysis of Guided Waves Dispersive Behavior for Damage Detection in Flat and Curved Composite Panels
1 Introduction
2 Test Articles and FE Modelling
3 Dispersion and Slowness in Flat and Curved Panels
4 Damage Detection
5 Concluding Remarks
References
Analysis of the Tensioning Field Induced by Stress Fibers in Nanoindented Stem Cells Adhered to a Flat Substrate
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Modelling and Simulation
2.2 Optimization
3 Results and Discussion
References
Framework for the Dynamic Modeling of a Helicopter Planetary Gear Train with Gear or Bearing Defect
1 Introduction
2 Main Concepts Definition and State of the Art
2.1 Integration Methods
2.2 Coupling Definition
2.3 Modeling Framework
3 MGB Modeling Framework
3.1 Heterogeneous Sub-models
3.2 Interactions and Couplings Between Sub-models
3.3 MGB Model: A 3-Axes Framework
4 First Results of the Method
5 Conclusion
References
Design of a Snap-Fit Joint Through a Multibody Model
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Multibody Model
2.2 Experimental Tests
2.3 Tolerance Analysis Parameters
3 Results
3.1 Experimental and Numerical Curves
3.2 Tolerance Analysis
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Towards Real-Time Physics-Based Variation Simulation of Assembly Systems with Compliant Sheet-Metal Parts Based on Reduced-Order Models
1 Introduction
2 Problem Formulation
2.1 Representation of the VS Model
2.2 Physics-Based Model and Computational Challenges
3 Proposed Methodology
4 Case Study
4.1 Implementation
4.2 Description of the Case Study: Aircraft Vertical Stabilizer
4.3 Results
5 Conclusions
References
Design and Comparison of High Performance Sailing Hulls
1 Introduction
2 High-Performance Sailing Dinghy
3 Design Approach
4 Case Study
5 Conclusions
References
Real-Time Approximative Thermal Simulation for Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing
1 Introduction
2 Thermal Simulation
3 Results
4 Conclusion
References
Simulation Methods for Plant Layout Design-A Case Study
1 Introduction
2 The Simulation Model
2.1 Real Plant Description
2.2 Simulation Model Construction
3 Experiments and Results Analysis
4 Conclusions
References
Optimizing Racing Wheelchair Design Through Coupled Biomechanical-Mechanical Simulation
1 Introduction
2 Material and Methods
2.1 Long Distance Race Model
2.2 Sprint Race Model
2.3 Dataset Considered to Test the Models
3 Results
3.1 Results of the Long-Distance Race Model
3.2 Results of the Sprint Race Model
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
Annex
References
Preliminary Validation of a Virtual Environment for Simulation and Recognition of Human Gestures
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Subject Test
2.2 Modeling of the Human Upper Limb
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion and Outlook
References
Energy Efficient Trajectory Planning in Robotic Cells via Virtual Prototyping Tools
1 Introduction
2 Techniques for Reducing Energy Consumption in Robotics
2.1 Hardware Methods
2.2 Software Methods
3 Trajectory Planning
4 Case Study: A Pick-and-Place Robotic Cell
5 Conclusion
References
Design and Implementation of a Passive Agitator to Increase UV Dose in WWTPs Disinfection Channels
1 Introduction
2 CFD Modeling Setup
2.1 Case Study: Geometry and Meshing
2.2 Turbulence Model
2.3 Lagrangian Approach for Simulating Reactor Performance
2.4 Radiation Model
2.5 Disinfection Kinetics Model
3 CFD Results
4 Experimental Results
4.1 Velocity Measures
4.2 Water Quality Measures and Comparison Between Systems
5 Conclusions
References
Numerical Optimization of a Composite Sandwich Panel with a Novel Bi-directional Corrugated Core Using an Animal-Inspired Optimization Algorithm
1 Introduction
2 Novel Bi-directional Corrugated Core
3 Group Search Optimizer (GSO)
3.1 Scanning Mechanism of the Producers
3.2 Scrounging Mechanism
3.3 Ranger Simulations
4 Finite Element Analysis
4.1 Optimization Study
5 Conclusions
References
A Topology Optimization Approach to Design of a Low Cost 3D Printable Monolithic Compliant Mechanism for FWMAV's Wing Actuation
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Setup of FEM Analyses for Topology Optimization
3 Results
4 Conclusion
References
Computer-Aided Prognostics and Health Management Using Incipient Failure Detection
1 Introduction
2 Basic Background
3 Data Processing
4 Residual Life Estimation
5 Incipient Fault Identification
5.1 Data Set
5.2 Build-Up of Equivalent Damage Index
5.3 Results
6 Conclusion
References
Geometric Modelling and Analysis
On the Adoption of the STEP Neutral Format for Procedural Mechanical CAD Models
1 Introduction
2 Representation Formats
3 The STEP Format
3.1 STEP Protocols for 3D CAD
3.2 STEP Complexity
4 Experimental Evaluation of the Quality of Reconstructed CAD Models
5 Conclusions
References
Generative Design in Bicycle Frames: A Review
1 Introduction
1.1 Main Concepts
1.2 Literature Review
2 Different Types of GD
2.1 Shape Grammars (SG)
2.2 L-Systems (LS)
2.3 Cellular Automata (CA)
2.4 Genetic Algorithms (GA)
2.5 Swarm Intelligence (SI)
3 Design of a Bicycle Frame
4 Study Cases
4.1 Preliminary Projects
4.2 A New Bicycle Frame Through GD
4.3 The Fastest Bicycle in the World
4.4 Other Bicycle Designs Brought to Reality Through Additive Manufacturing (AM)
5 Conclusions
6 Future Directions
References
Geometric Analysis of Product CAD Models to Support Design for Assembly
1 Introduction
2 Background and Motivations
3 The Proposed Approach
3.1 Assembly Analysis
3.2 Component Analysis
3.3 Component Features Analysis
3.4 Geometrical Attributes Mapping
4 Test Case
5 Conclusions
References
Image-Driven Manufacturing of Graded Lattices by Fused Deposition Modeling
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Modeling Method
3.1 G-code Computation
3.2 Volumetric Modeling
3.3 Editing G-code
4 Case Studies and Discussion
4.1 Single Image
4.2 Multiple Images
4.3 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Geometric Modeling of Lattice Structures with Selectively Activated Walls for Hydraulic Manifolds
1 Introduction
2 Geometric Modeling Method for Lattice Structures with Internal Walls
3 Case Study: Hydraulic Manifold
4 Conclusions
References
Semi-automatic Point Clouds Registration for Upper Limb Anatomy
1 Introduction
2 Scanning Equipment
3 Conventional Manual Registration Procedure
4 Semi-automatic Registration Strategy
4.1 Key-Points Detection Through Neural Network
4.2 Key-Points Selection and Rough Cloud Alignment
4.3 Registration Refinement
5 Results
6 Conclusions
References
Optimizing Galvanic Process: Wet Surface Estimation for Small Metal Parts to Avoid Material Waste
1 Introduction
2 Wet Surface Estimation
2.1 3D Optical Scanning Approach: Feasibility Analysis
2.2 3D Optical Scanning Approach: Tests and Selection of Commercially Available Solutions
3 Results
3.1 AuRum 3D
3.2 AuRum LT
3.3 Rexcan DS3 Silver
4 Conclusion
References
Reverse Engineering and Redesign of the Impeller of a Submersible Centrifugal Pump
1 Introduction
2 Case Study
3 3D Acquisition and CAD Modelling
3.1 Reconstruction of CAD Model
4 Redesign of the Impeller
4.1 Modal Analyses
4.2 Results
5 Conclusions
References
An Augmented Reality Framework for Remote Factory Acceptance Test: An Industrial Case Study
1 Introduction
2 Remote Factory Acceptance Test Architecture
3 Case Study
4 Experimental Set-Up
4.1 3D Scanning System
4.2 Measuring Software
4.3 Device for Augmented Reality
5 Experiments and Results
6 Conclusions and Future Works
References
Convolutional Neural Network for Background Removal in Close Range Photogrammetry: Application on Cultural Heritage Artefacts
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Dataset
2.2 CNNs Set-Up
2.3 Evaluation Metric for Segmentation
3 Results
3.1 CNN Results
3.2 Reconstruction Based on Automatic Background Removal
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
A Benchmark of Traditional Visual Descriptors and Convolutional Networks `Off-the-Shelf' for Anomaly Detection
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Overall Procedure
2.2 Feature Extraction
2.3 Classification Model
3 Experiments
3.1 Datasets
3.2 Accuracy Estimation
3.3 Implementation, Execution and Reproducible Research
4 Results
5 Conclusions
6 Limitations and Future Work
References
Melt Pool Acquisition Using Near-Infrared Camera in Aluminum Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Set-Up
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Repeatability of the Method
3.2 Robustness of the Method
3.3 Sensitivity of the Method
4 Conclusion
References
Methodology for Image Analysis in Airborne Search and Rescue Operations
1 Introduction
2 Related Works
2.1 The Problem of Detecting Small Objects
3 The Proposed Methodology
4 Results
5 Conclusion and Future Works
References
Experimental and Numerical Investigations of Mechanical Behaviour for Titanium Bolted Joints with Friction Shim
1 Introduction
2 Specimen Preparation and Testing Procedure
2.1 Test Specimens
2.2 Friction Washer
2.3 Testing Setup
3 Experimental Test Results and Discussion
3.1 Static Loading to Failure
3.2 Fatigue Tests
3.3 Fatigue Failure Analysis
4 Finite Element Analysis
5 Conclusions
References
Interoperability Framework for a Computer-Aided Approach of Tolerance-Cost Optimization
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Methodology
4 Case Study
5 Conclusions
References
A Digital Twin Approach for Smart Assembly of Aircraft Skin Panels with Mechanical Fasteners
1 Introduction and Background
2 ISAF Framework
3 Key Enabling Technologies
3.1 Key Enabling Technology (1): In-Line Part Measurement
3.2 Key Enabling Technology (2): Virtual Shimming Simulator
3.3 Key Enabling Technology (3): Shim Fabrication
4 Verification and Validation Using Vertical Stabiliser
5 Conclusions
References
A Technology Transfer Case in Graphic Engineering
1 Introduction and Motivation
2 Elements
3 Analysis and Diagnostic
4 Methodology
4.1 Delimitation Criterion of the Areas ZDP and ZP in LCC5/1996.
4.2 Visibility Indicators
4.3 Interaction Woodland-Vantage Point
5 Case Study
6 Results
7 Discussion
8 Conclusions
References
Ranged Segmentation of Slope Model for Spatial Analysis
1 Introduction
1.1 Case Study Site and Data
1.2 The Methodological Approach Adopted and the Results Obtained
2 Conclusions and Future Developments
References
Digital Thread and Building Lifecycle Management for Industrialisation of Construction Operations: A State-of-the-Art Review
1 Introduction
2 PLM Contributions to BIM Development
2.1 How to Leverage PLM to Enhance BIM?
2.2 Managing Data Classification to Represent a Project's Evolution
2.3 Requirement and Change Management to Support Data Structuring
3 Improving Site Operations Management with 4D BIM
3.1 Why Would We Need 4D BIM?
3.2 4D BIM: General Principles
3.3 An Overview of 4D BIM Research Development
3.4 The Challenge of 4D BIM Implementation
4 Off-Site Construction: An Opportunity?
4.1 Why Would We Need to Build Off-Site?
4.2 A Holistic Design Approach to Support Lifecycle Thinking
4.3 How to Support an Off-Site Construction Project?
5 Summary and Future Works
References
Traceability of Uncertainty in Building Information Modelling Processes for Existing Structures
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results
3.1 Detected Accuracy
3.2 Modelled Accuracy
4 Conclusions
References
Advanced Manufacturing and Control
Study of the Anisotropy of Triple Periodic Minimal Surface Structures Generate by Additive Manufacturing
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
Influence of TPU Lattice Structures on Functional Properties for the Design of Customized Rehabilitation Products
1 Introduction
2 Case Study: Rehabilitation Ball for Hands
2.1 Proceeding
2.2 Results
3 Conclusions
References
Preliminary Design Method Accounting for Shape Distortion in Metal Binder Jetting Parts: A Case Study
1 Introduction
2 Method and Model
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
Effects of Coating Post-processing on Mechanical Properties of Strut-and-Node-Based SLA Lattice Structures
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Specimen Geometry and Manufacturing
2.2 Coating Post-processing of the Specimens
2.3 Tensile Testing
3 Results
4 Discussion and Conclusions
References
Lattice Core FEM Simulation with a Modified-Beam Approach
1 Introduction
2 Numerical Analysis
2.1 Finite Element Model
2.2 Calibration Procedure
2.3 Comparison of Results
3 Conclusions and Future Works
References
A Design Methodology for Graded Density Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces
1 Introduction
2 TPMS Shape and Relative Density Modelling
3 Graded Density Patterns: Design Methodology
3.1 Design Specifications
3.2 Design Parameters Calculation
3.3 Fundamental Shape Generation
3.4 Creation of Pattern Surfaces
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Methodology Implementation
4.2 Case Study for Graded Density Constructs
4.3 Current Implementation Limitations
5 Conclusions
References
Could the Airframe of the Future Be Made of Metal Only? Potential of AM in the Helicopter Domain
1 Introduction
2 Methodology of Research
3 Helicopter Architectures
3.1 Architectures Description
3.2 Principal Subsystems (ATAs) Selection
4 Additive Manufacturing Potentials
4.1 Structural Optimisation and Weight Reduction
4.2 Integration of Functions
4.3 Other Potentials
5 System Optimization by AM
6 Design Framework
6.1 Simplified Model Proposal
7 Conclusion and Outlook
References
Design for Additive Manufacturing Tools: Are They an Effective Support for Designers?
1 Introduction and Research Background
2 Methodology
2.1 Evaluation Protocol
2.2 Metrics
3 Case Studies
3.1 Components
3.2 DfAM Tools
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Quantitative Metrics Assessment
4.2 Qualitative Metrics Assessment
4.3 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
An Analytical Cost Model for Laser-Directed Energy Deposition (L-DED)
1 Introduction and Literature Review
2 L-DED Cost Model
2.1 Cost Drivers
2.2 Process Parameters
2.3 Process Times
2.4 Raw Material Cost
2.5 Machine and Labour Costs
2.6 Consumable Cost
2.7 Energy Cost
2.8 Equipment Cost
3 Case study and results
4 Results and Discussions
5 Conclusions
References
Data Processing of L-PBF Manufactured Lattice Structures for Geometric Defects Characterization
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Voxelization
2.2 Skeletonization
3 Application to 3D Registration
3.1 Error Distribution
3.2 Mean Node Distance
4 Conclusion
References
Mereo-DfAM: A Methodological Proposal of Mereotopological Design for Additive Manufacturing
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Design for Additive Manufacturing
2.2 Mereotopology
3 Process Discretization and Design Rules
3.1 Mereotopological Discretization of the Process
3.2 Rules Based on a Mereotopological Description
4 MereoDfAM
4.1 General Overview
5 Case Study
5.1 Mereotopological Description
5.2 Rules Application
6 Conclusion
References
Experiences of Additive Manufacturing for Nuclear Fusion Applications: The Case of the Wishbone of the Divertor of DEMO Project
1 Introduction
2 Methods and Materials
2.1 Selective Laser Melting
2.2 The Ti6Al4V ELI Alloy
3 The Case Study Application: SLM Wishbone Mock-Up of the DEMO Divertor Device
3.1 Description and 3D CAD Modelling of the Wishbone Mock-Up
3.2 Simulation and Prototyping of the SLM Wishbone Mock-Up
3.3 Prototyping of the Wishbone Mock-Up by Milling
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion and Future Developments
References
Topology Optimization for Thin-Walled Structures with Distributed Loads
1 Introduction
2 Topology Optimization and Thin-Walled Structures: A State-of-the-Art Analysis
2.1 Topology Optimization Methodology
2.2 Thin-Walled Structures
3 Methodology
4 Case Studies
5 Conclusions
References
Embedded Workflow for Functionally Graded Material Fabrication with Multi-material Additive Manufacturing
1 Introduction
2 Deposition Strategies for Material Jetting
3 Heterogeneous Objects Modeling Strategies
4 Workflow for the Voxel Printing of Heterogeneous Objects
5 Case Study
6 Conclusion
References
Directed Energy Deposition Process Simulation to Sustain Design for Additive Remanufacturing Approaches
1 Introduction
1.1 Process Issues
1.2 Process Simulation
2 Methods and Tools
3 Case Studies
4 Results
4.1 Qualitative Study
4.2 Quantitative Study
5 Discussion
References
Eco-Assessment of Design for Additive Manufacturing Solutions Defined at Different Levels of Detail
1 Introduction
2 Literature Background
3 Methodology
3.1 Functional Unit and Operative Scenario
3.2 Compared Systems
3.3 Calculation Method
4 Results and Discussions
5 Conclusions
References
An Empirical Approach for Mechanical Behavior Characterization of a Small Diameter Cold-Drawn Steel Wire with a Three-Point Bending Test
1 Introduction
2 Experimental and Numerical Details
2.1 Materials and Testing
2.2 Numerical Modeling
3 Methodology
3.1 Experimental and Numerical Bending Tests
3.2 From a Bending Curve to a Stress-Strain Curve
4 Results and Discussions
5 Conclusion
References
Correlations Between the Hole Surface Integrity and Fatigue Life for Drilled 2024-T351 Aluminum Alloy
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Drilling Processes
2.2 Fatigue Test Samples
2.3 Surface Integrity Characterization
2.4 Fatigue Tests
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
Design and Creation of an Economical Camera Slider for Photography
1 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Objectives
1.3 Type of Sliders
1.4 Applicability
2 Methodology
2.1 Evaluation of Alternative Propositions
2.2 Design of the Support Platform and Slide
2.3 Calculation of the Diameter of the Guide Rods
2.4 Assembly of the Slider
2.5 Programming of the Motor
3 Results - Final Manufacture of the Slider
4 Conclusion
References
Analysis of Data from In-Situ Monitoring of Additive Manufacturing Process
1 Introduction
1.1 Open-Architecture Lab Bench and Metamodel Development Methodology
2 Experimental Protocol and Design of Experiment
2.1 Design of Experiment Definition (DOE)
2.2 Metamodel Description
2.3 Experiments with Instrumented Lab-Bench WAAM
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Metamodel for WAAM
3.2 Macro-defects Detection with Metamodel
4 Conclusion
References
Geometrical Tolerances: ``Planarity'' Measurements on Automotive Power Module During Its Assembly Processes-Flow
1 Introduction
2 Liquid Cooling Methods
3 Power Module: Description and Assembly Flow
3.1 Description
3.2 Assembly Process
4 Flatness Measurements
4.1 Measurements' DoE and Setup
4.2 Measurements' Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Toolpath Calculation Using Reinforcement Learning in Machining
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 The VOM Environment
4 Tests
5 Conclusion
References
Simulation-Based Design of Reconfigurable Moulds for Injection Overmoulding
1 Introduction
2 Method
3 Case Study and Results
3.1 Product and Process Planning
3.2 Parts Design
3.3 Simulation-Based Design of the Mould
3.4 Part and Mould Detail Design
3.5 Mould Optimization
4 Discussion and Conclusions
References
Mixed Reality Platform Supporting Human-Robot Interaction
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Material and Methods
3.1 Development Tools and Experimental Setup
3.2 Methods
4 Design of Mixed Reality Platform
5 Results
5.1 Coordinate Systems Alignment
5.2 End-Effector Trajectory Calculation
6 Conclusion
References
Markerless Motion Capture and Virtual Reality for Real-Time Ergonomic Analysis of Operators in Workstations with Collaborative Robots: a preliminary study
1 Introduction
2 Scientific Background
3 Methods and Tools
3.1 The Virtual Environment
3.2 Body Tracking and Real-Time Physical Ergonomics Analysis
4 Preliminary Test
5 Results and Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Design of a Fabric-Based Antagonistic Pneumatic Actuator with Multiple Chambers for the Development of Soft Continuum Manipulators
1 Introduction
2 Design
2.1 Actuator
2.2 Electronic Control Unit
3 Prototyping
3.1 Realization of the Body
3.2 Realization of the Electronic Control Unit
4 Preliminary Experiments
5 Conclusions
References
Design, Fabrication and Characterization of a Novel Variable Stiffness Structure for Soft Continuum Robotics
1 Introduction
1.1 State of the Art
1.2 Selection of the Variable Stiffness Effect
2 Functional Principle
3 Design and Fabrication
4 Mechanical Characterization
5 Conclusion
References
Effects of Design Parameters on the Tip Steering Capabilities of Fabric Pneumatic Artificial Muscle-actuated Soft Growing Robots
1 Introduction
2 Soft Growing Robot Prototype Description
3 Soft Growing Robot Characterization
3.1 Experimental Plan
3.2 Experimental Setup
3.3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
A User-Centered Approach Involving the Clinicians for the Design of Medical Devices: Case Study of a Soft Robotic Exoskeleton for Rehabilitation
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 User Viewpoint
3.1 Kano Questionnaire
3.2 Quality Function Deployment
4 Concepts Generation
5 Optimal Concept Selection
5.1 Kansei Words
5.2 ANOVA Analysis
6 Conclusion
References
Preliminary Design of a EMG Wearable Interface for the Actuation of Soft Pneumatic Artificial Muscles
1 Introduction
2 System Architecture
3 Experiments
3.1 Prototyping and Characterization of the McKibben Soft Actuator
3.2 Electronic Control Unit
3.3 EMG Data Capturing and Processing
3.4 Results
4 Conclusions
References
Preliminary Study of a Capacitive Force Sensor for Soft Robotic Applications
1 Introduction
2 Capacitive Force Sensors Design
2.1 Parallel-Plate Capacitor
2.2 Plate #1
2.3 Dielectric Layer
2.4 Plate #2
3 Sensor Prototype Fabrication
4 Preliminary Experimental Tests
4.1 Preliminary Experimental Results
5 Conclusions and Future Works
References
Conformity Rate Estimation for Shaft-Hole Pattern Fit Not Compliant with the Boundary Condition Design Criterion
1 Introduction
1.1 Aim of the Paper
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 The Updated Linear Stack-Up Model
2.2 General Hypothesis
3 External vs. Intrinsic Datum System
3.1 Datum System Transformation
4 2x Patterns Stack-Up
4.1 Stack-Up by Cases
4.2 Symmetric Stack-Up
4.3 Symmetric Adjusted Stack Up
4.4 Symmetric Optimized Stack Up
4.5 Monte Carlo Verification
5 Path Towards Generalization
6 The Case Study
7 Conclusions
References
A Case Study on the Correlation Between Functional and Manufacturing Specifications for a Large Injection Moulded Part
1 Introduction
1.1 The Case Study
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Free State Acquisition
2.2 Numerical Simulation
2.3 Superimposition of the Effects
2.4 Approach Validation
2.5 Comparison
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Comparison
4 Conclusions
References
InvNet: Transfer Learning on Point Cloud for Invariant Surface Classification
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Point Cloud Processing for Invariant Surface Classification
3.1 Point Clouds Generation for Different Invariant Surfaces
3.2 Training Set Construction: A PCA-Based Method
4 Transfer Learning on the Training Set
5 Experiment and Discussion
5.1 Performance Evaluation
5.2 Practical Application of InvNet
5.3 Discussion
6 Conclusion and Outlook
References
X-Reality for Interactive Design
Apprentices' Opportunities and Criticalities in Adopting Affordable User Interface Development Tools
1 Introduction
2 Material and Methods
2.1 InVision
2.2 BrioVR
2.3 HTC Vive Pro
3 Activities
3.1 Experience Planning
3.2 Team Definition
3.3 Interaction Definition
3.4 UI Implementation
3.5 User Testing
3.6 Opportunities/Criticalities List Generation
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusions and Perspectives
References
Role-Based Sailing Augmented Reality Interface: Three Proposals for Head-Mounted Display
1 Introduction
2 Motivation
3 State of the Art
4 AR Interfaces
4.1 Method
4.2 Screen-Stabilized Interface
4.3 Body-Stabilized Interface
4.4 Boat-Stabilized Interface
5 Discussion
6 Perspectives
7 Conclusions
References
Displaying Augmented Reality Manuals in the Design Phase of the Product Lifecycle
1 Introduction and Motivation
2 Case Study
2.1 Demo Versions of the AR Manual
2.2 Design of the Experiment
2.3 Participants
2.4 Results
3 Discussion
4 Conclusion and Future Works
References
From Therbligs to Visual Assets: A Technique to Convey Work Instructions in Augmented Reality Technical Documentation
1 Introduction
2 The Information Model for the Analysis of Work Instructions
2.1 From the Method of Therbligs to the Information Types
2.2 Case Study
3 Recommendation for the Choice of the Visual Assets
3.1 Identity
3.2 Location
3.3 Way-to
3.4 Notification
3.5 Order
3.6 Orientation
4 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Immersive Virtual Reality as a Training Tool for Safety Working Procedure in Confined Spaces
1 Introduction
2 The SPIRiT Design
2.1 Scenarios and User Tasks Identification Criteria
2.2 VR Technologies and Scenario Implementation
2.3 Locomotion and User Interaction
3 The Design of Experiment
4 Metrics and Procedure
5 Discussion and Conclusion
References
Tintoretto Unveiled: Interactive Virtual Experience for Artworks
1 Introduction
2 Digital Painting Workflow
3 Case Study
3.1 The Painting
3.2 Activity a: Unveil
3.3 Activity B: Color
3.4 The Experience at the Exhibition
4 Discussion
4.1 Guides' Experience
4.2 Visitors' Experience
4.3 Future Works
5 Conclusions
References
X-Reality for Preliminary Evaluation and Training of 3D Laser Scanning Process of Large Products
1 Introduction
2 Test Case
3 XR App Development
3.1 Objectives
3.2 App Development
4 Simulations and Results
4.1 XR App for Scenarios Comparison
4.2 XR App for Training
5 Conclusions
References
From Virtual to Augmented Reality Training System: An IC.IDO-Based Approach
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Case Study
4 Experimental Setup
4.1 Hardware Architecture
4.2 Software Architecture
5 Implementation of the Training Sessions
5.1 The Conversion to the AR Session
5.2 The VR-AR Cooperative Session
6 The Proposed Training Systems
6.1 Assisted Virtual Training
6.2 Autonomous Virtual Training
6.3 Assisted Augmented Training
6.4 Autonomous Augmented Training
6.5 Assisted Cooperative Training
6.6 Autonomous Cooperative Training
7 Conclusion and Future Works
References
An AR Tool to Support Warehouse Operations in the Context of Industry 4.0
1 Introduction
2 Background of AR Technology in Logistics
3 Research Approach
4 Use Case
5 Study Results
6 Conclusions
References
A Novel Approach to Use Marker-Less Mixed Reality Applications with In-Motion Systems
1 Introduction and Research Background
2 Tracking Solutions
2.1 Marker-Based Tracking
2.2 Marker-Less Tracking
3 Design and Development of the MR Application
3.1 Requirements
3.2 Spatial Anchor Development
3.3 Unity Application
3.4 Anchor Movement
4 Test and Results
5 Conclusions
References
A Human-Centred Design Approach for Designing Augmented Reality Enabled Interactive Systems: A Kitchen Machine Case Study
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Human-Centred Design Approach
3.1 Context of Use and User Research
3.2 User Needs, User Requirements, and System Requirements
3.3 Design
3.4 Evaluation
4 AR-Enabled Kitchen Machine Case Study
4.1 User Research
4.2 User Needs, User Requirements, and System Requirements
4.3 Design
5 AR-Enabled Kitchen Machine Demo
6 Conclusions and Future Works
References
Performance Evaluation of an Immersive Measurement Instrument for Automotive Field Applications
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Analysis of Scene Geometries
2.2 Measurement Algorithms
2.3 Test Validation
3 Results
4 Conclusions
References
Virtual Golden Zone for Enhancing the Ergonomics of Complex Production Lines
1 Introduction
2 Related Works and Paper Positioning
3 Virtual Reality Integration in an Industrial Case Study
3.1 The Virtual Golden Zone Methodology
3.2 The VR System Description
4 Evaluation of the VGZ Usability Through a Questionnaire
5 Conclusions
References
Development of a Parametric Scene Editor of Serious Games for Safety in Workplaces
1 Introduction
2 Serious Games
3 Tools and Methods
4 Case Study
4.1 Targets and Game Features
4.2 Methodological Approach
4.3 Objects, Events and Errors
4.4 The Text Editor
4.5 Requests, Standards and Rules
5 Results
6 Conclusions and Future Works
References
Design of XR Applications for Museums, Including Technology Maximising Visitors' Experience
1 Introduction
2 Technology Assessment for Implementing Virtual Museums
2.1 Evaluation Criteria
2.2 Measurement, Data Collection and Analysis
3 Importance of Multisensory Experiences in XR Applications
4 Multisensory Experience for a Virtual Museum
5 Conclusion
References
Exploring People's Visual Perception and Its Impact on Evaluation of a Tiny House Prototype Using Eye Tracking Technology
1 Introduction and Background
2 Methodology
2.1 Materials
2.2 Participants
2.3 Procedure
3 Data Collection and Analysis
3.1 Collection and Processing of Objective Data
3.2 Collection and Processing of Subjective Data
3.3 Data Analysis and Results
3.4 Comments
4 Discussion, Conclusions, and Outlook
References
Heat on Sight - Display Thermal Radiation in the Peripheral Field of View
1 Introduction
1.1 Topic of the Paper
1.2 Specific Objective of the Paper
2 State of the Art and Related Work
2.1 User Centred Design Approach
2.2 Feedback Display
3 Peripheral Thermal Radiation Display (PTRD)
4 Methodology
5 Results
6 Limitations of the Study
7 Conclusion and Outlook
Annex 1
References
HRV Analysis Through the Sphygmic Wave Pulsation of the Femoral Artery
1 Introduction
2 Methods of HRV Analysis
2.1 Detection System
2.2 Signal Processing
2.3 Experiment Protocol
3 Results
4 Conclusions
References
A Mixed Reality Application for Collaborative and Interactive Design Review and Usability Studies
1 Introduction
2 The Context of Study
2.1 System Design and Simulation Tools for Assessment
3 Field Study Application: Aircraft Galley
3.1 Mixed Reality Platform Development
3.2 Task Execution
4 Conclusion and Future Works
References
Posture Interactive Self Evaluation Algorithm Based on Computer Vision
1 Introduction
2 Material and Methods
2.1 Reference Exercise - Isometric Squat
2.2 Video Dataset
2.3 The Pose Estimator and the Use of Keypoints
2.4 Machine Learning and Used Approach
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
A Review of Benchmarks for Visual Defect Detection in the Manufacturing Industry
1 Introduction
2 Industrial Needs for Visual Defect Detection
2.1 Metrics for Classification
2.2 Metrics for Segmentation
2.3 Supervision Level
2.4 Training and Evaluation Procedure
3 Review of Existing Benchmarks
3.1 The DAGM Dataset
3.2 NEU Surface Defect Database
3.3 Severstal Steel Defect Dataset
3.4 KolektorSDD
3.5 KolektorSDD2
3.6 MVTec Anomaly Dataset
3.7 Dataset Comparison
4 Proposed Guidelines and Conclusion
References
Education and Representation Techniques
Soft Skills Teaching Proposal for "Designers"
1 Introduction
2 State of the Art
3 Purpose of the Proposed Teaching Experiment
4 Prerequisites
5 The Soft Skills Considered
6 Soft Skills and the Designer's Professional Profile
7 General Configuration of the Teaching Experiment
7.1 Initial Test
7.2 Preparatory Part
7.3 Guided Examples
7.4 Workshops
8 Conclusions
References
A New Approach to Teach Conceptual Design Integrating Additive Manufacturing Constraints
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Active Pedagogical Guidelines
2.2 Additive Manufacturing Process
2.3 Immersive Tool for Teaching
3 DfAM Courses
3.1 Structure
3.2 Step A
3.3 Step B
3.4 Step C
4 Difficulties and Validation of the Proposed Approach
5 Conclusion and Perspectives
References
Project and Problem Based Learning for Students and Teachers Involvement in a Multidisciplinary Engineering Project
1 Context and Problematic
1.1 General Context
1.2 The Issues of Students Engagement
1.3 The Issues of Teachers Engagement
2 State of the Arts Related to Students and Teachers Issues
2.1 Theoretical Studies for Students' Engagement
2.2 Discussion of the State of the Arts: The Choice of the Learning Method
3 The Project and Problem-Based Approach: Implementation
3.1 Implementation of Concepts for the Teaching Practice
4 Scenario Execution
5 Results: First Qualitative Analysis
5.1 Students Survey
5.2 Results of PBL Implementation for Teachers
6 Conclusion and Roadmap for Improvement in Future Work
References
Formative Assessment in Context of COVID-19 Pandemic
1 Introduction
2 Objectives
3 Development of Innovation
3.1 Context of the Artistic Expression I Subject
3.2 Experience Schedule
3.3 Learning Assessment
4 Results
5 Conclusions
References
Think-Sketch-Create: Improving Creative Expression Through Sketching
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Workshop Rationale and Definition
2.2 Context and Participants
2.3 TSC Application
2.4 Assessment
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Incorporation and Adaptation to the Curriculum
3.2 Valuation of the TSC Workshops
3.3 Broadening Knowledge
4 Conclusions
References
Methodology for Online Assessment of Technical Drawing Skills of Industrial Engineering Students
1 Introduction
2 Technical Drawing Methods to Test Skills
2.1 Graphical Essay Questions (GEQ)
2.2 Second Technical Drawing Test (TDT2)
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Moodle Test Statistics: TDT2
3.2 Paper and Online Test Results Comparison
4 Conclusions and Future Developments
References
Techniques for the Representation of the Application of Historical-Archaeological Evidence Scales in Heritage Assets
1 Introduction
2 Objectives
3 Materials and Software
4 Methodology
5 Results
6 Conclusions
References
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