Tables, Figures, Text Boxes, and Tox Boxes

Tables

2.1 Scale in Ecology, and Some Disciplines That Contribute at Each Level 2.2 Type of Relationship Between Different Species 2.3 Links Between Ecology and Systems Thinking as a Basis for Health 3.1 Metrics of Sustainability 6.1 Carcinogen Classification of Chemicals: IARC Results as of March 2015 9.1 Contrasting Toxicology and Environmental Psychology 9.2 Examples of Convenience, Attractiveness, and Normativeness Applied to a School Cafeteria 12.1 The Main Greenhouse Gases 12.2 Temperature and Precipitation Effects on Selected Vectors and Vector-Borne Pathogens 12.3 Co-Benefits of Climate Mitigation and Adaptation Activities 13.1 Major Ambient Air Pollutants: Sources, Health Effects, and Regulations 14.1 Energy Use Within Selected Countries, 2005-2009 15.1 Stages of Urban Evolution and Characteristic Environmental Conditions and Health Issues 15.2 Comparison of Sprawl and Smart Growth 16.1 Hot Spots of Current and/or Potential Water Conflicts 16.2 Examples of Large-Scale Human Impacts on Aquatic Systems 16.3 Classes of Chemical Contaminants in Water 16.4 Examples of Studies of Possible Links Between Exposure to Chemicals in Drinking Water and Increased Health Risk 16.5 Pathogens in or Related to Water, Diseases They Cause, and Approaches to Prevention and Treatment 16.6 Global Challenges in Water and Sanitation, Particularly in Low- and Middle-Income Countries 16.7 The Indicator Approach to Monitoring Water Quality 16.8 Simple, Low-Cost Water Treatment Options 16.9 Approaches to Disinfection 18.1 Pesticides Classified by Target or Mode of Action 19.1 HACCP Principles 19.2 Jurisdiction over Food Safety in the United States 19.3 Some of the Many Policies Shaping the U.S. Food System 20.1 Average Exposure Concentrations of Formaldehyde and Contribution of Various Atmospheric Environments to Exposure to Formaldehyde 20.2 Hazardous Ingredients of Cleaners (Partial Listing) 20.3 Approaches to Protecting Health and Safety in Buildings 21.1 The Public Health Impact of OSHA Regulations 22.1 Units of Radiation Exposure and Dose 22.2 Average Amounts of Ionizing Radiation Received Annually by a U.S. Resident 22.3 Representative Radiation Doses in Select Medical Procedures Performed in the United States 22.4 Major Forms and Features of Acute Radiation Syndromes 22.5 Estimated Lifetime Risks of Fatal Cancer Attributable to 0.1 Sv Low-Dose-Rate Whole-Body Irradiation 23.1 The Haddon Matrix Applied to Motor Vehicle Crashes 23.2 Options Analysis in Injury Control 23.3 Countermeasures for Intentional Injuries 23.4 Countermeasures for Burns 23.5 Countermeasures for Poisoning 23.6 Countermeasures for Falls 23.7 Countermeasures for Drowning 23.8 Countermeasures for Road Injuries 23.9 Countermeasures for Playground Injuries 23.10 Countermeasures for Home Injuries 24.1 A Typology of Environmental Disasters 24.2 The Ten Deadliest Environmental Disasters-Worldwide, 1964-2013 24.3 Major Causes of Death During Environmental Disasters 24.4 Public Health Consequences and Capabilities Associated with All Disasters 26.1 Essential Services of Environmental Public Health 26.2 The Protocol for Assessing Community Excellence in Environmental Health (PACE-EH) Process 28.1 Factors Important in Risk Perception

Figures

1.1 Title Page of Chadwick's Groundbreaking 1842 Report 1.2 A Victim of Minamata Disease Being Bathed: Photograph by W. Eugene Smith 1.3 The Need for Primary Prevention: An Early 20th-Century View 1.4 The DPSEEA Model 2.1 A Food Web in a North American Terrestrial Food Ecosystem 2.2 Invasive Species and Their Impacts 2.3 A Classical Model of Ecological Succession in a North American Forest Ecosystem 2.4 The Phosphorus Cycle 2.5 Transactions Between Atmosphere, Geosphere, and Hydrosphere Provide a Basis for the Earth's Capacity to Support Life 2.6 Linear Thinking Versus Systems Thinking 2.7 A Systems Map of U.K. Land Use and the Domains That Influence It 2.8 Ecosystems as Settings for Human Health and Well-Being 2.9 The Life Cycle and Transmission of Leptospira Bacteria 2.10 The MA Conceptual Framework 2.11 The Social Ecological Model 3.1 The Great Acceleration 3.2 Nested Model of Sustainability 3.3 A Safe Operating Space for Humanity 4.1 Area of PFOA Contamination 5.1 Hypothetical Example of the Layering GIS Operation 5.2 Examples of Buffers Around Point, Line, and Area Features 5.3 Map of Genesee County, Michigan, Block Groups (1990 Census) Showing Proportions of Respondents Self-Identifying Race as ``Black'' 6.1 Toxicology: From Populations to Molecules 6.2 Examples of Dose-Response Curves 6.3 Metabolic Transformations of Benzo(a)pyrene 6.4 Structures of Some Suspected Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals 6.5 Key Steps in Toxicokinetics 6.6 The Metabolism of Acetaminophen 6.7 Molecular Structure and LD$_{50}$ for Eight Chemicals 7.1 The Human Genome 7.2 The Basic Structural Elements of a Gene 7.3 The Cystic Fibrosis Mutation 7.4 Chromatin Dynamics in Response to Epigenetic Modification 7.5 Schematic of the Agouti Gene and How Its Methylation Status Affects Phenotype in Mice 7.6 Primary Biotransformation Pathway for Alcohol 8.1 An Air Pollution Monitoring Station for Ozone and Particulate Matter, in Atlanta 8.2 Personal Protective Equipment 8.3 Assessing Exposure in an...