Rhetorical Style

Name: Rhetorical Style | The Uses of Language in Persuasion
Brand: OUP eBook
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The Uses of Language in Persuasion

Jeanne Fahnestock(Autor*in)

OUP eBook (Verlag)

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 29. September 2011

466 Seiten

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Beschreibung

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Inhalt

Cover
Table of Contents
Introduction
Style in the Rhetorical Tradition
Schools of Language Analysis
Rhetorical Stylistics and Literary Stylistics
Plan of the Book
Source of Examples
What This Book Is Not-and Is
Notes
PART ONE | WORD CHOICE
1. Language of Origin
The Historical Layers of English
The Old English Core
The Norman French Contribution
The Language of Learning from Latin and Greek
Incorporations from World Contact
An American Vocabulary
Homonyms and Synonyms from Different Origins
Clarity and Sincerity: When Core Words Dominate
Elevation and Panache: Featuring French Borrowings
Formality and Erudition: Words from Latin and Greek
Analyses with Word Origins
Summary
Notes
2. New Words and Changing Uses
From Nonce Constructions to Wider Use
Loss and Migration
Junk: A Case Study
Accumulating Senses
Summary
Notes
3. Categories of Word Choice
Lexical Field
Level of Generality
Abstract versus Concrete Diction
Levels of Generality in Argument
Ad Hoc Levels of Generality
Functional Categories
Taking a Census of Parts of Speech
Modern Rhetoricians on Word Choice: Burke and Weaver
Summary
Notes
4. Language Varieties
Low, Middle, and High
Geographical and Social Varieties of English
Regiolects and Sociolects
Idiolects
Registers: Occupation, Avocation, Discipline
Genre and Register
Shifting and Mixing Language Varieties
Language Varieties and Humor
Spoken versus Written Style
Familiar Language
Prepared Phrases, Clichés, and Idioms
Maxims and Proverbs
Allusions
Summary
Notes
5. Tropes
Synecdoche
Metonymy
Antonomasia
Metaphor
Extended Metaphor and Allegory
Simile
Full Analogies
Irony
Irony in Written Texts
Irony and Intention
The Persuasive Effects of Irony
Intolerable Irony
Hyperbole and Litotes
The Amphiboly and Paradox
Paralepsis/Praeteritio: Denying while Saying
Grice's Maxims and the Detection of Other Meanings
Analysis: Women Drivers
Summary
Notes
6. Figures of Word Choice
Schemes of Words
Agnominatio
Polyptoton
Spreading Concepts through Polyptoton
Etymological Arguments
Ploce
Antanaclasis (Puns)
The Presence of the Word
Figures of Sound
Figures of Word Selection
Synonyms (Synonymia)
Correctio
Emphasis (Significatio)
Summary
Notes
PART II | SENTENCES
7. Sentence Basics: Predication
Active versus Stative Predication
Subject Choices
Analyzing Subject Choices
Verb Choices
Analyzing Verb Choices
Subject/Verb Analysis
The North Pole
A Trend at New Trier
Nominal versus Verbal Style
Nominalizations
Personification (Personae Fictio)
Personification in Science
Multiplying Subjects and Verbs
Summary
Notes
8. Sentence Construction: Modification
Adverb Clauses
Adjective Clauses
Noun Clauses
The Consequences of Clause Types: Kennedy's Options
Modifying with Phrases
Phrases Built on Verbs
Phrases Built on Nouns
Prepositional Phrases
Single-Word Modifiers
An Epithetical Style
Multiplying and Embedding Modifiers
Amount of Modification
Minimal Modification
Heavily Modified Styles
Analyzing Modification
The Ubiquitous Saddam
"To the People of Ireland"
Summary
Notes
9. Sentence Architecture
Emphasis
Emphasis by Position
Emphasis by Sentence Role
Emphasis from Inversions
Combining Sources of Emphasis
Placement of Modifiers: Branching Left, Right, and in the Middle
Loose and Periodic Sentences
Periodic Sentences
Loose Sentences
A Periodic Style
A Loose Style
Composition
Iconic Form
Absence in Words, Presence in Syntax
The Default Form/Meaning Relationship
Summary
Notes
10. Figures of Argument
Parallelism
In Syllables (Isocolon)
In Stress Patterns
In Grammatical Structure (Parison)
From Repetition
Uses of Parallelism in Argument
Induction
Strategic Repetition
Antithesis: Argument from Opposites
Antimetabole: Argument from Inversion
Definition as a Figure
Summary
Notes
11. Series
Definition of a Series
Series and Categorization
Bracketing
Series and Order
Item Length and Order
Gradatio
Series and Conjunctions
The Overall Length of Series
Opening Up or Shutting Down
Summary
Notes
12. Prosody and Punctuation
Speech and Writing
Prosody
Prosody into Punctuation
Printing and Punctuation
Punctuation and Meaning
Figured Prosody
Passage Prosody
Variety in Sentence Length
Summary
Notes
PART III | INTERACTIVE DIMENSION
13. Speaker and Audience Construction
Pronouns
Uses of I
Uses of You
Uses of We
The Objective Voice
Changing Footing: Managing the Interactive Dimension
Pronoun Analysis: Lincoln's First Inaugural
Disidentification
Figures of Speaker/Audience Construction
Calling on: Apostrophe
Partitioning the Audience
Purging the Audience
Frankness of Speech: Licentia
Figuring Speech Acts
Asking and Answering Questions
Rogatio and Formal Arguments
Summary
Notes
14. Incorporating Other Voices
Direct Speech
The Stylization of Direct Speech
Indirect Speech
Ambiguous Zones in Indirect Speech
Reporting Speech Acts
Representing Thoughts
Texts as Speakers and "Text Acts"
Invented Speakers
Double Voicing and Heteroglossia
Multivoicing: The Blogger's Specialty
Summary
Notes
15. Situation and Occasion
Immediate Deixis
Thematizing Deixis
Immediate Deixis in Written Texts
Occasion
Constructing Situations and Occasions
Exigence in Written Texts
The Burkean Scene
Imaginary Deixis
Demonstratio and Descriptio
Description and Emotion
Ekphrasis: The Stand-Alone Description
Summary
Notes
PART IV | PASSAGE CONSTRUCTION
16. Coherence
Signs of Cohesion
Given/New or Topic/Comment Patterns
Interrupting the Topic String
Schemas and Coherence
Interclause Meaning Relations
Inferred Relations
Signaled Relations
Combining Sources of Coherence
Summary
Appendix: Interclause Meaning Relations
Notes
17. Passage Patterns
Compositional Units in the Rhetorical Tradition
Syllogism and Enthymeme
Progymnasmatic Patterns
Comparison in Different Grain Sizes
Paragraphs
Parataxis and Hypotaxis
Metadiscourse: Figures of Discourse Management
Summary
Notes
18. Amplification
Quintilian's Methods of Amplification
Analysis with Quintilian's Methods
Copia and Presence: Multa de Multis
Erasmian Methods for Copia
Epicheireme
Diminishing
Amplification and the Sublime
The Last Paragraph of On the Origin of Species
On Darwin's Word Choices
On Darwin's Sentence Architecture
On Darwin's Passage Construction
On Darwin's Amplification and Interaction with Readers
Summary
Notes
References
Index
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
Y
Z

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