Science and Technology of Rubber

List of ContributorsPrefaceChapter 1 Rubber Elasticity: Basic Concepts and Behavior I. Introduction II. Elasticity of a Single Molecule III. Elasticity of a Three-Dimensional Network of Polymer Molecules IV. Comparison with Experiment V. Continuum Theory of Rubber Elasticity VI. Second-Order Stresses VII. Elastic Behavior under Small Deformations VIII. Some Unsolved Problems in Rubber Elasticity ReferencesChapter 2 Polymerization I. Introduction II. Classification of Polymerization Reactions and Kinetic Considerations III. Functional Group Polymerization IV. Chain Addition Polymerization by Free Radical Mechanism V. Emulsion Polymerization VI. Copolymerization VII. Addition Polymerization by Cationic Mechanism VIII. Addition Polymerization by Anionic Mechanism IX. Stereospecific Polymerization and Copolymerization by Coordination Catalysts X. Graft and Block Copolymerization ReferencesChapter 3 Structure Characterization in the Science and Technology of Elastomers Introduction I. Chemical Composition and Repeat Unit Structure (Table I) II. Compositional and Sequence Distribution of Copolymers; Additives (Tables IIA, IIB) III. Molecular Weight and Its Distribution (MWD); Branching; Gel (Tables III) IV. Rubber-Glass and Other Secondary Transitions (Table IV) V. Crystallinity (Table V) VI. Morphology (Table VI) General ReferencesChapter 4 The Molecular and Phenomenological Basis of Rubberlike Elasticity I. Introduction II. Statistics of a Polymer Chain III. Rubberlike Elasticity of a Polymer Network IV. Applications of Rubberlike Elasticity Theories ReferencesChapter 5 Dynamic Mechanical Properties I. Introduction II. Definitions of Dynamic Mechanical Properties and Viscoelastic Functions III. Zones of Dynamic Viscoelastic Behavior and Their Qualitative Molecular Interpretation IV. The Transition Zone V. The Plateau Zone VI. Practical Aspects of Dynamic Properties VII. Dynamic Properties in Large Deformations VIII. Experimental Methods and Apparatus for Measurements and Tests ReferencesChapter 6 Rheological Behavior of Unvulcanized Rubber I. Introduction and Historical Background II. Basic Concepts III. Rheological Measurements IV. Molecular Structure and Rheological Properties of Uncompounded Elastomers V. Flow of Blends and Compounds VI. Rheological Applications to Processing ReferencesChapter 7 Vulcanization I. General Considerations II. Sulfur Vulcanization III. Accelerated Sulfur Vulcanization IV. Vulcanization by Phenolic Resins, Quinone Derivatives, or Maleimides V. Vulcanization by Metal Oxides VI. Vulcanization by Peroxides VII. Cross-Linking by Chain Extension Reactions VIII. Thermoplastic Elastomers ReferencesChapter 8 Reinforcement of Elastomers by Particulate Fillers I. Introduction II. Carbon Black III. Filler Morphology and Its Characterization IV. Physical and Chemical Interactions at the Filler Surface V. The State of the Filler in the Rubber Mix VI. The State of the Rubber in the Filled Composite VII. Properties of Unvulcanized Rubber-Filler Mixes VIII. Mechanical Behavior of Filled Rubber Vulcanizates at Small and Moderate Strains IX. Large Deformation Behavior X. Failure Properties References Chapter 9 The Rubber Compound and Its Composition I. Introduction II. Selection of Ingredients III. Compounding Costs IV. Mixing V. Resistance to Aging VI. Summary References Chapter 10 Strength of Elastomers I. Introduction II. Initiation of Fracture III. Crack Propagation IV. Tensile Rupture V. Abrasive Wear References Chapter 11 The Chemical Modification of Polymers I. Introduction II. Esterification, Etherification, and Hydrolysis of Polymers III.