Female Control

Name: Female Control | Sexual Selection by Cryptic Female Choice
Brand: Princeton University Press
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Sexual Selection by Cryptic Female Choice

William Eberhard(Autor*in)

Princeton University Press

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 31. Dezember 2019

472 Seiten

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978-0-691-20720-9 (ISBN)

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Inhalt

Cover
Title
Copyright
Dedication
Contents
Preface and Acknowledgments
1 What Is Cryptic Female Choice?
1.1 Sexual Selection Results from Competition for Female Gametes, Not for Females
1.2 How to Recognize Cryptic Female Choice
1.3 Female "Rules of the Game
1.4 Taxonomic and Conceptual Biases of This Book
1.5 Relationship with Genitalic Evolution
1.6 Relationship with Male-Female Conflict
1.7 Previous Biases: Male-Female Cooperation and "the Good of the Species
1.8 Previous Biases: Overly Strict Categorizations and "Fertilization Myopia
Morphology
Behavioral Evolution and Physiology
1.9 Previous Biases: Male Control and Female Passivity
1.10 Summary
Notes
2 Selection on Cryptic Female Choice
2.1 Female Control Mechanisms and Natural Selection
2.2 Categorical Descriptions and the Multiplicity of Female Sperm Storage Mechanisms
Multiple Specialized Sperm Storage Organs
Sperm at Other Sites in the Female Reproductive Tract
Sperm Outside the Female Reproductive Tract
Female Variations and Male Dimorphisms
Consequences
2.3 Genetic Variance among Males
2.4 Conditions Favoring the Evolution of Cryptic Female Choice
2.5 A Test Case: Bedbugs
2.6 Relationship between Cryptic Female Choice and "Sensory Traps
2.7 Do All Female-imposed "Rules of the Game" Result in Sexual Selection on Males?
2.8 Good Genes, Runaway, or Endless Race?
2.9 Summary
Notes
3 Principal Mechanisms of Cryptic Female Choice
3.1 Criteria
3.2 Sometimes Discard Sperm of Current Male
3.3 Sometimes Discard Sperm of Previous Males
3.4 Sometimes Prevent Complete Intromission and Ejaculation
3.5 Sometimes Fail to Transport Sperm to Storage Organs or Fertilization Sites
3.6 Sometimes Remate with Another Male
3.7 Sometimes Reduce Rate or Number of Offspring Produced
3.8 Sometimes Forcefully Terminate Copulation before Sperm Are Transferred
3.9 Sometimes Fail to Ovulate
3.10 Sometimes Fail to Mature Eggs (Vitellogenesis)
Notes
4 Other Mechanisms of Cryptic Female Choice
4.1 Sometimes Fail to Prepare Uterus for Embryo Implantation
4.2 Sometimes Impede Plugging of Reproductive Tract
4.3 Sometimes Impede or Fail to Carry Out Plug Removal
4.4 Sometimes Remove Spermatophore before Sperm Transfer Is Complete
4.5 Sometimes Abort Zygotes (Bruce Effect)
4.6 Biased Use of Stored Sperm
Interejaculate Biases
Intraejaculate Biases
4.7 Sometimes Move Previous Male's Sperm to a Site Where the Current Male Can Manipulate Them
4.8 Sometimes Make Subsequent Sperm Transfer More Difficult Morphologically
4.9 Sometimes Resist Male Manipulations That Result in Discharge of His Spermatophore
4.10 Sometimes Invest Less in Each Offspring
4.11 Choose among Sperm That Have Reached the Egg
4.12 Cryptic Male Choice
4.13 Undetermined Mechanisms
4.14 Discussion of Chapters 3 and 4
4.15 Summary
Notes
5 Evidence That Cryptic Female Choice Is Widespread, I: Copulatory Courtship and Related Phenomena
5.1 Copulatory Courtship
5.2 Genitalic Movements during Copulation as Courtship
Evidence of Widespread Occurrence
Evidence of Courtship Effects
Multiple Ejaculations
Copulation Duration
5.3 Other Evidence of Copulation as Courtship
Clasping (Genitalic and Nongenitalic) as Courtship
Copulation outside Female Fertile Periods
5.4 Stimulation Necessary to Trigger Ejaculation
Natural Selection on Ejaculation Time
Evidence of Sexual Selection
Alternative Explanations for Preejaculatory Delays
5.5 Summary
Notes
6 Evidence That Cryptic Female Choice Is Widespread, II: Effects of Male Sexual Products on Females
6.1 Two Hypotheses
6.2 Insects
Invasive " Action of Male Substances
Multiplicity of Cues for the Same Female Process
Graded Female Responses to Quantitative Variation in Male Cues
Interspecific Diversity of Male Products
Triggering of Appropriate Female Responses
Mimicry of Female Messenger Molecules
Sperm vs. Other Seminal Products as Signals
6.3 Ticks
Invasive Action of Male Substances
Multiplicity of Cues for the Same Female Process
Graded Female Responses to Quantitative Variation In Male Cues
Interspecific Diversity of Male Products
Mimicry of Female Messenger Molecules
6.4 Mammals
Induce Muscle Contraction (Transport)
Hormones
Induce Reproductive Readiness
6.5 Other Animals
6.6 A Third Hypothesis: Nutritional Effects on Females
The Importance of Distinctions
Difficulties in Making Distinctions
Possible Criteria for Distinctions
6.7 Taking Stock
6.8 Summary
Notes
7 Evidence That Cryptic Female Choice Is Widespread, III
Male and Female Morphology
7.1 Female Reproductive Ducts: A Tortuous Route to the Egg
Obstacles to Insemination and Female Control
Physiological Barriers
What Do Female Barriers Prevent?
What Do Females Gain from Barriers?
7.2 Frequent Rapid, Divergent Evolution of Genitalia
The Special Problem of Asymmetric Tests
Experimental Tests
Other Evidence
New Ideas
Summary of Evidence on GenItalic Evolution
7.3 Summary
Notes
8 Related Topics
8.1 Significance of Variation in Volumes of Ejaculates and Sperm Storage Organs
Possible Explanations of Oversized Ejaculates
Possible Explanations of Undersized Ejaculates
What Determines the Sizes of Sperm Storage Organs?
8.2 Intraspecific Variation in Cryptic Female Choice Criteria and Sexual Selection Theory
8.3 Relative and Absolute Female Criteria in Cryptic Female Choice
8.4 A Possible Relationship between Infertile Eggs and Overly Aggressive Sperm
8.5 "Mistimed" Matings
8.6 Summary
9 Evidence Ruling Out Cryptic Female Choice
Is It Common?
9.1 Lack of Variation in Female Processes Determining Paternity
Variation in Insemination Success
Variation in Sperm Precedence
9.2 Lack of Correlation between Paternity and Other Male Characters
9.3 Lack of Intraspecific Genetic Differences
9.4 Female Monandry
9.5 Summary
Notes
10 Summary and Conclusions
10.1 Overview of the Arguments
10.2 Consequences for Sexual Selection Theory
References
Subject Index
Taxonomic Index

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