Biosynthesis of Heterocycles

Name: Biosynthesis of Heterocycles | From Isolation to Gene Cluster
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From Isolation to Gene Cluster

Patrizia Diana Girolamo Cirrincione(Autor*in)

Wiley (Verlag)

Erschienen am 30. Januar 2015

784 Seiten

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978-1-118-96042-4 (ISBN)

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Inhalt

Cover
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Natural Products: Primary and Secondary Metabolites
1.2 Common Reactions in Secondary Metabolites
1.2.1 Alkylations
1.2.2 Wagner-Meerwein Rearrangements
1.2.3 Aldol and Claisen Reactions
1.2.4 Schiff Base Formation and Mannich Reactions
1.2.5 Transaminations
1.2.6 Decarboxylations
1.2.7 Oxidation and Reduction Reactions
1.2.8 Dehalogenation/Halogenation Reactions
1.2.9 Glycosylation Reactions
References
Chapter 2 Techniques for Biosynthesis
2.1 Isotopic Labeling
2.1.1 Stable Isotopes
2.1.2 Radioactive Isotopes
2.2 Gene Coding for Enzymes
2.3 Combinatorial Biosynthesis
References
Chapter 3 Three-Membered Heterocyclic Rings and Their Fused Derivatives
3.1 Aziridines and Azirines
3.1.1 Azicemicins
3.1.2 Miraziridine
3.1.3 Maduropeptin
3.1.4 Azinomycins
3.1.5 Ficellomycin
3.1.6 Mitomycins
3.1.7 Azirinomycin and Related Azirines
3.2 Oxiranes and Oxirenes
3.2.1 Fosfomycin
3.2.2 AK, HC, and AF toxins
3.2.3 Cerulenin
3.2.4 Polyhydroxyalkanoates
3.2.5 Epoxyrollins
3.2.6 Asperlactone, Aspyrone, Asperline
3.2.7 Tajixanthone
3.2.8 Cyclomarin
3.2.9 Cyclopenin
3.2.10 Ovalicin and Fumagillin
3.2.11 Methylenomycin A
3.2.12 Antibiotic LL-C10037
3.2.13 Manumycins
3.2.14 Scopolamine
3.2.15 Iridoid Glucosides
3.2.16 Cordiaquinone
3.2.17 Cyclizidine and Indolizomycin
3.2.18 Enediyne Antibiotics
3.2.19 Macrolides
3.2.20 Epothilones
3.2.21 Pimaricin
3.2.22 Hypothemycin
3.2.23 Radicicol and Monocillin I
3.2.24 Trichothecenes
3.2.25 Sporolides A and B
References
Chapter 4 Four-Membered Heterocyclic Rings and Their Fused Derivatives
4.1 Azetidine and Azetines
4.1.1 Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid
4.1.2 Polyoxins
4.1.3 Mugineic Acids
4.1.4 Tabtoxin and Tabtoxinine-ß-lactam
4.1.5 Nocardicins
4.1.6 Thienamycin
4.1.7 Clavulanic Acid and Clavams
4.1.8 Penicillins and Cephalosporins
4.2 Oxetanes
4.2.1 Oxetanocins
4.2.2 Salinosporamides
4.2.3 Taxol
4.3 Dithiethanes
4.3.1 Tropodithietic acid and Thiotropocin
References
Chapter 5 Five-Membered Heterocyclic Rings and Their Fused Derivatives
5.1 Pyrroles (Including Tetrapyrroles)
5.1.1 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline
5.1.2 Pyrrolnitrin
5.1.3 Broussonetines
5.1.4 Prodigiosin and Undecylprodigiosin
5.1.5 Anatoxin-a and Homoanatoxin-a
5.1.6 Nostopeptolides A
5.1.7 Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids
5.1.8 Toyocamycin and Sangivamycin
5.1.9 Tetrapyrroles
5.2 Indoles
5.2.1 Indole-3-acetic acid and Glucobrassicin
5.2.2 Camalexin
5.2.3 Cyclomarazines
5.2.4 Rebeccamycin and Staurosporine
5.2.5 Paxilline
5.3 Furans
5.3.1 Furanomycin
5.3.2 Xenofuranones A and B
5.3.3 Acyl a- L-Rhamnopyranosides and Rhamnosyllactones
5.3.4 Tuscolid and Tuscoron A and B
5.3.5 Tetronomycin and Tetronasin
5.3.6 Nonactin and Macrotetrolides
5.3.7 Furanonaphthoquinone I
5.4 Thiophenes
5.5 Pyrazoles
5.6 Imidazoles
5.6.1 Histidine
5.6.2 Amaranzole A
5.6.3 Oroidin
5.6.4 Nikkomycins
5.6.5 Anosmine
5.7 Thiazoles
5.7.1 Thiamin (Vitamin B1)
5.7.2 Polypeptide Antibiotics
5.7.3 Barbamide
5.7.4 BE-10988
5.7.5 Pheomelanins
5.8 Dithioles
References
Chapter 6 Six-Membered Rings, and Their Fused Derivatives
6.1 Pyridines and Piperidines
6.1.1 Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
6.1.2 Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide
6.1.3 Nicotine and Related Compounds
6.1.4 Tropane Alkaloids
6.1.5 Stenusine
6.1.6 Antidesmone
6.1.7 Quinolobactin
6.1.8 Pyridomycin
6.1.9 Lycopodine
6.1.10 Acridone Alkaloids
6.1.11 Benzylisoquinolines
6.1.12 Saframycins
6.2 Pyrans
6.2.1 Lovastatin and Compactin
6.2.2 Bafilomycins and Concanamycin
6.2.3 Citrinin
6.2.4 Aminocoumarin Antibiotics
6.2.5 Flavonoids
6.2.6 Actinorhodin and Granaticin
6.2.7 Trichothecenes
6.2.8 Gilvocarcins
6.3 Pyridazines
6.3.1 Kutznerides
6.3.2 Pyridazomycin
6.3.3 Azamerone
6.4 Pyrimidines
6.4.1 Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotides
6.4.2 Methylxanthines and Methyluric Acids
6.4.3 Cytokinins
6.4.4 Uridyl Peptide Antibiotics
6.4.5 Riboflavin, FMN, and FAD
6.5 Pyrazines
6.5.1 Alkyl and Methoxy Pyrazines
6.5.2 Pteridines
6.5.3 Epipolythiodioxopiperazines
6.5.4 Roquefortine C and Related Compounds
6.6 Oxazines
6.6.1 Minimycin
6.6.2 Benzoxazinoids
6.7 Dioxanes
6.7.1 Plakortolides
6.7.2 Alnumycin
References
Chapter 7 Seven-, Eight-Membered and Larger Heterocyclic Rings and Their Fused Derivatives
7.1 Azepines
7.2 Oxepanes and Oxepines
7.3 Diazepines, Oxazepines, and Thiazepines
7.4 Diazocines
7.5 Oxocines
7.6 Erythromycin A
7.7 Tylosin
7.8 Zearalenone
7.9 Polyene Macrolide Antibiotics
7.9.1 Nystatin and Amphotericin
7.9.2 Candicidin D
7.10 Geldanamycin and Herbimycins
7.11 Rifamycins
7.12 Rapamycin
References
Index
EULA

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