1 The Gift of Attention.- 2 A Molecular Basis for Attention.- 3 How Dopamine Receptors Work.- 4 The Dopamine D4 Receptor.- 5 D4 Receptor-Mediated Solid-State Signaling.- 6 Interneurons, D4 Receptors and Attention.- 7 Attention-Based Learning.- 8 Awareness, Attention and the Detection of Novelty.- 9 Attention and Metabolism.- 10 The Effect of Drugs on Attention.- 11 Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.- 12 Schizophrenia.- 13 Autism.- 14 Other Psychiatric Disorders.- 15 An Evolutionary Perspective.- 16 The Gift of Wisdom.- References.