Nutrition in the Childbearing Years

Name: Nutrition in the Childbearing Years
Brand: Wiley-Blackwell
Price: 63.99 EUR
Availability: OnlineOnly

Emma Derbyshire(Autor*in)

Wiley-Blackwell (Verlag)

Erschienen am 24. August 2011

336 Seiten

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978-1-4443-4476-9 (ISBN)

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Inhalt

Intro
Nutrition in the Childbearing Years
Contents
Foreword
Preface
Dedication
Acknowledgements
Glossary
1 Nutrition and Fertility
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Nutrition and female fertility
1.3 Nutrition and male fertility
1.4 Conclusion
2 Preparing the Body for Pregnancy
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Nutrient stores
2.3 Body weight before pregnancy
2.4 The importance of a balanced diet
2.5 What are women eating?
2.6 A note on dietary recommendations
2.7 Compliance with current recommendations
2.8 A focus on alcohol
2.9 A focus on caffeine
2.10 A focus on calcium
2.11 A focus on folate
2.12 A focus on iron
2.13 Emerging interest in choline
2.14 Multivitamin and mineral supplements
2.15 Application in practice
2.16 Food safety
2.17 Vitamin A
2.18 Fish consumption
2.19 Peanut allergy
2.20 Food additives and ingredients
2.21 Organic food
2.22 Other concerns
2.23 Application in practice
2.24 Conclusion
3 Hormonal and Physiological Changes
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Before conception
3.3 After conception
3.4 Formation of the neural tube
3.5 Foetal growth
3.6 Key hormones
3.7 Key physiological changes
3.8 Conclusion
4 Nutrient Metabolism in Pregnancy
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Energy metabolism
4.3 Carbohydrate metabolism
4.4 Lipid metabolism
4.5 Protein metabolism
4.6 Calcium metabolism
4.7 Vitamin D metabolism
4.8 Iron metabolism
4.9 Folic acid versus folate
4.10 Conclusion
5 Macronutrients and Pregnancy
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Food cravings and aversions
5.3 Energy
5.4 Carbohydrate
5.5 Sugar
5.6 Protein
5.7 Fat
5.8 Fibre
5.9 Water
5.10 Dairy products
5.11 Salt
5.12 Application in practice
5.13 Food choices
5.14 Dietary assessment
5.15 Diet quality index
5.16 Biomarkers
5.17 Application in practice
5.18 Conclusion
6 Vitamins and Pregnancy
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Vitamin A
6.3 Thiamine (vitamin B1)
6.4 Riboflavin (vitamin B2)
6.5 Niacin (vitamin B3)
6.6 Pantothenic acid (B5)
6.7 Pyridoxine (B6)
6.8 Biotin
6.9 Cobalamin (B12)
6.10 Folate
6.11 Choline
6.12 Vitamin C
6.13 Vitamin D
6.14 Vitamin E
6.15 Vitamin K
6.16 Combined vitamin deficiencies
6.17 Supplements and pregnancy
6.18 Application in practice
6.19 Conclusion
7 Minerals and Pregnancy
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Macrominerals
7.3 Microminerals
7.4 Application in practice
7.5 Conclusion
8 Diet and Pregnancy Outcome
8.1 Introduction
8.2 What is a 'healthy' baby?
8.3 A note on Apgar scores
8.4 What is foetal growth restriction?
8.5 Poor pregnancy outcomes
8.6 Sensitive windows of pregnancy
8.7 Alcohol
8.8 Caffeine
8.9 Dietary mutagens
8.10 Pesticides
8.11 Hypospadias
8.12 Nutrigenomics
8.13 Foetal origins of adult disease
8.14 Supplements
8.15 Application in practice
8.16 Conclusion
9 Weight Gain in Pregnancy
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Body weight before pregnancy
9.3 Weight gain - how much and when?
9.4 Components of weight gain
9.5 Proportions of pregnancy weight gain
9.6 Measuring body composition in pregnancy
9.7 High pregnancy weight gain
9.8 Low pregnancy weight gain
9.9 Weight gain guidelines
9.10 Multiple foetuses
9.11 Weight retention
9.12 Weight loss interventions
9.13 What about physical activity?
9.14 A note on weight management
9.15 Application in practice
9.16 Conclusion
10 Special Cases
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Pregnant adolescents
10.3 Advanced maternal age
10.4 Multifoetal pregnancies
10.5 Maternal obesity
10.6 Diabetic mothers
10.7 Phenylketonuria (PKU) in pregnancy
10.8 Vegetarian mothers
10.9 Alternative dietary practices
10.10 Nutrition and culture
10.11 Conclusion
11 Physiological and Hormonal Changes after Birth
11.1 Introduction
11.2 When is 'postpartum'?
11.3 Changes after birth
11.4 Lactogenesis
11.5 A note on colostrum
11.6 What is transitional milk?
11.7 Nutritional composition of milk
11.8 Milk synthesis - use it or lose it
11.9 Milk volume
11.10 Breastfeeding as contraception
11.11 Breast cancer risk
11.12 Body weight after birth
11.13 Breastfeeding and body weight
11.14 Body composition changes
11.15 Exercise and breastfeeding
11.16 Weight loss interventions
11.17 Conclusion
12 Nutrition after Birth
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Is breast best?
12.3 What's in breast milk?
12.4 Breastfeeding - for how long?
12.5 Who is breastfeeding?
12.6 Infant feeding survey
12.7 Why do women stop breastfeeding?
12.8 Feeding and infant growth
12.9 Dietary requirements after birth
12.10 Vegetarian and vegan mothers
12.11 Feeding multiples
12.12 Allergy risk
12.13 Postnatal depression
12.14 Supplement use after birth
12.15 Healthy eating from an early age
12.16 Application in practice
12.17 Conclusion
APPENDICES
Appendix 1 International definitions of indices used to form dietary recommendations
Appendix 2 Recommended nutrient intakes for women of childbearing age (19-50 years)
Appendix 3 Recommended nutrient intakes for pregnancy
Appendix 4 Recommended nutrient intakes for breastfeeding mothers
Appendix 5 Recommended nutrient intakes for pregnant and lactating adolescents (14-18 years)
Appendix 6 Suggested nutritional recommendations for twin pregnancies
Appendix 7 Tolerable upper intake levels (ULs) for vitamins and minerals
Appendix 8 Institute of Medicine pregnancy weight gain guidelines
Appendix 9 Examples of common food safety concerns
References
CASE STUDIES
Planning a pregnancy
Older mother
Multifetal pregnancy
Teenage mother
Vegetarian mother
Breastfeeding mother
Overweight mother
Index

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