CompTIA Healthcare IT Technician HIT-001 Cert Guide

Introduction xxxix

Chapter 1 Introducing Healthcare IT 2

The Importance of the HITECH Act 3

Getting to Know Healthcare 5

Types of Healthcare Facilities 6

Focus on Hospitals 7

Departments in the Hospital 8

Patient Flow Through a Hospital Stay 9

Inpatient Admittance 9

Outpatient Admittance 11

Emergency Department Patient 12

The Goals of Healthcare IT 15

Why Have IT in Healthcare? 15

Prepare for a Career in Healthcare IT 16

Chapter Summary 19

The Importance of the HITECH Act 19

Getting to Know Healthcare 19

Goals of Healthcare IT 20

Key Terms 20

Acronym Drill 21

Review Questions 22

Practical Application 23

Chapter 2 Introducing Data Flow in HIT 24

Learning Support Flow 25

Getting to Know Information Systems 27

Getting to Know HIS 28

Functions of an HIS 29

Getting to Know the Interface 33

The Message 34

The Message Path 36

Following the Data Flow 38

Three IS Sources of an ADT Message 39

HIS-originated ADT Data Flow 39

EDIS ADT Data Flow 40

Perioperative IS Data Flow 42

Data Flow Other Than ADT 44

Pharmacy IS Data Flow 44

RIS Data Flow 48

LIS Data Flow 49

EDIS Data Flow 52

Chapter Summary 54

Learning Support Flow 54

Getting to Know Information Systems 54

Getting to Know HIS 54

Getting to Know the Interface 55

Following the Data Flow 55

Key Terms 56

Acronym Drill 57

Review Questions 58

Practical Application 60

Chapter 3 Regulatory Requirements 64

Identifying Standard Agencies, Laws, and Regulations 65

Agencies Governing Healthcare 65

Department of Health and Human Services 66

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) 72

Healthcare Programs 74

Healthcare Laws 76

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) 76

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) 77

Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act 78

Regulations of Healthcare Laws 79

Learning HIPAA Controls and Compliance Issues 80

Learning Rules of Record Retention and Disposal 83

Types of Health Records 83

Record Retention 85

Record Disposal 85

Learning Legal Best Practices and Documentation 86

Chapter Summary 90

Identifying Standard Agencies, Laws, and Regulations 90

Learning HIPAA Controls and Compliance Issues 91

Learning Rules of Record Retention and Disposal 91

Learning Legal Best Practices and Documentation 92

Key Terms 92

Acronym Drill 93

Review Questions 93

Practical Application 94

Chapter 4 Organizational Behavior 96

Handling PHI 97

Physical Safeguards 98

Technical Safeguards 103

Applying Proper Communication Methods 105

E-Mail 106

IM Versus Secure Chat 106

EMR/EHR System 107

Fax 108

Secure FTP 108

Phone 109

VoIP 111

Identifying EHR/EMR Access Roles and Responsibilities 113

Medical and Medical Support Roles 114

Technical Roles 119

System Administrator 119

Security Administrator 120

Network Administrator 121

Database Administrator 122

Desktop Support Technician 123

Third-Party Access 123

Role-Based Access and Exceptions 124

Access Based on Sensitive Patient Data 126

Levels of Access and Audit Trails 126

Identifying Organizational Structures and Different Methods of Operation 127

Hospitals 127

Private Practices 129

Nursing Homes 130

Assisted Living Facilities 130

Surgical Centers 131

Home Healthcare 131

Hospice 131

Executing Daily Activities 132

Communication 132

IT Functions in a Healthcare Environment 133

HIT Technician Presence in the Hospital 134

Chapter Summary 139

Handling PHI 139

Applying Proper Communication Methods 139

Identifying EHR/EMR Access Roles and Responsibilities 139

Identifying Organizational Structures and Different Methods of Operation 141

Executing Daily Activities 141

Key Terms 142

Acronym Drill 144

Review Questions 144

Practical Application 146

Chapter 5 IT Operations 148

How the Internet or an Intranet Works 149

The OSI Model 151

Application, Presentation, and Session Layer Protocols 153

Transport and Network Layers 156

Data Link and Physical Layers 159

Servers on the Network 160

Cloud Computing and Virtualization 163

Programming Languages 168

How a Network Works 172

Basic Network Devices and Hardware 175

Wireless Access Point 175

Router 177

Switch 182

Internet Modem 183

Network Tools 184

ipconfig Command 184

ping Command 185

tracert Command 186

Solving Network Problems 188

Duplicate IP Address 189

Broken Cables and Crosstalk 190

Interference with Wireless Networks 190

Poor AP Placement 190

Lost Connectivity to the ISP 191

Power Failure, Blackouts, and Brownouts 191

Managing Network Resources 192

Locally Hosted or Remote EHR and EMR Information Systems 193

Considerations for Servers on a Network 194

Security Risks 195

High Traffic and Load Balancing 196

Hardware and Software Specifications Required by Vendors 196

Purging Old Logs 196

Maintain Backups and Downtime Procedures 196

Configuring a Workstation and Peripherals 198

Deploy a Workstation 198

Maintain Operating System Updates 203

Troubleshoot Common Problems 204

Problems with a Mouse 204

Problems with a Monitor 205

Problems with a Printer 205

Power Problems 206

Software Patches, Hotfixes, and Updates 206

Peripheral Devices 207

Mobile Storage 211

Flash Drives and External Hard Drives 211

DVDs and CDs 212

SD Cards 212

Tapes 212

Mobile Computing Devices 213

Chapter Summary 215

How the Internet or an Intranet Works 215

How a Network Works 215

Managing Network Resources 216

Configuring a Workstation and Peripherals 216

Key Terms 217

Acronym Drill 219

Review Questions 220

Practical Application 224

Chapter 6 Medical Business Operations 226

Understanding the Clinical Environment 227

Medical Terms, Imaging, and Tests 228

Medical Terms 228

Medical Imaging 232

Medical Tests 236

Medical Departments 240

Clinical Environment 242

Supporting Software Used in Healthcare Facilities 245

Clinical Software and Modules 246

Scheduling Software 246

Patient Tracking Software 247

Order Entry Software 248

Practice Management Software 249

Billing and Coding Software 250

Tracking and Auditing Software 252

Document Imaging 253

Medical Images of the Human Body 253

Digital Images of Patient Records 255

Change Control 256

Support Requests 258

How a Healthcare Interface Works 259

HL7 Message 260

Typical Interface Issues 262

Chapter Summary 266

Understanding the Clinical Environment 266

Supporting Software Used in Healthcare Facilities 267

How a Healthcare Interface Works 269

Key Terms 270

Acronym Drill 271

Review Questions 272

Practical Application 275

Chapter 7 Security 280

What Are We Up Against? 281

Social Engineering 281

Electronic Attacks 282

Understanding Permission Levels 283

Understanding Physical Security 285

Location and Access 286

Servers 286

Network Hardware 287

Printers, Scanners, and Copiers 289

Accessing Secured Resources 290

Environmental Security 293

Using Password Best Practices 294

Understanding Encryption Types 296

Types of Encryption 296

Communication 298

Storage 299

Dissemination of PHI 301

How to Secure Wireless Networks 302

How to Remotely Access the Facility's Network 303

Securing Backups 306

Disposing of PHI 307

Chapter Summary 310

What Are We Up Against? 310

Understanding Permission Levels 310

Understanding Physical Security 311

Using Password Best Practices 311

Understanding Encryption Types 312

How to Secure Wireless Networks 312

How to Remotely Access the Facility's Network 313

Securing Backups 313

Disposing of PHI 314

Key Terms 314

Acronym Drill 315

Review Questions 317

Practical Application 318

Appendix A Answers to Acronym Drills, Review Questions, and Practical Application Exercises 320

Appendix B CompTIA Healthcare IT Technician ACRONYMS 336

Key Terms Glossary 342

TOC, 9780789749291, 5/24/2012