Verbs

Name: Verbs | Aspect and Causal Structure
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Aspect and Causal Structure

William Croft(Autor*in)

OUP Oxford (Verlag)

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Erschienen am 15. März 2012

467 Seiten

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Inhalt

Cover
Contents
Preface and Acknowledgements
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Abbreviations
1. Introduction
1.1. Clause structure and meaning
1.2. Approaches to semantics and semantic representations
1.3. Semantic frames
1.4. The question of construal
1.5. Argument structure constructions and grammatical relations
1.6. Language form and language function
2. The aspectual structure of events
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Lexical aspectual types (construals)
2.2.1. The Vendler classification and its problems
2.2.2. Alternative construals and new aspectual types
2.2.3. New aspectual subtypes
2.2.4. Summary
2.3. A two-dimensional geometric analysis of aspectual types/construals
2.3.1. Symbolic and phasal analyses of aspectual types
2.3.2. A two-dimensional phasal analysis of aspectual types
2.4. A general framework for aspectual types
2.4.1. Motivating the typology of aspectual types/construals
2.4.2. The two-dimensional model and interval semantics
2.5. Conclusion
3. Change, boundedness, and construal
3.1. Boundedness and change
3.1.1. Directed changes, incremental themes, and scales
3.1.2. Event boundaries and the imperfective paradox
3.2. Construal and aspectual potential
3.2.1. The contribution of predicate semantics to aspectual types
3.2.2. Mechanisms of aspectual construal
3.2.3. Aspectual construal in English adverbial and auxiliary verb constructions
3.3. Some observations on aspect in Russian
3.3.1. Determinate and Indeterminate verbs of motion
3.3.2. Remarks on the Russian Perfective/Imperfective distinction
3.4. Conclusion
4. The interaction of grammatical and lexical semantics: quantitative and qualitative analyses
4.1. Introduction
4.2. A multidimensional scaling analysis of Dahl's crosslinguistic tense-aspect data
4.2.1. Multidimensional scaling as an extension of the semantic map model in typology
4.2.2. Reanalyzing Dahl's tense-aspect data
4.2.3. The temporal dimension
4.2.4. The aspectual dimension
4.2.5. Grammatical and lexical aspect in Dahl's data
4.3. The basic tense-aspect constructions of English
4.3.1. The English Present tense construction
4.3.2. The English Progressive construction
4.3.3. The English Past tense construction
4.3.4. Remarks on the English Perfect
4.4. A multidimensional scaling analysis of lexical aspectual potential and grammatical aspect
4.5. Conclusion
5. Toward a force-dynamic theory of argument realization
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Some approaches to argument realization
5.2.1. Thematic roles and thematic role hierarchies
5.2.2. Role designation
5.2.3. Event-based theories of argument realization
5.2.4. Summary
5.3. A force-dynamic (causal) theory of argument realization
5.3.1. The force-dynamic (causal) structure of events and role ranking
5.3.2. Role designation by the verbal profile, and the realization rules
5.4. Integrating force-dynamic and aspectual representations of event structure
5.4.1. Shortcomings of the event structure representation in Croft (1991)
5.4.2. A three-dimensional representation of causal and aspectual structure in events
5.5. Event structure decomposition and predicate entailments
6. Causal structure in verbal semantics and argument realization
6.1. Introduction
6.2. The verbal causal chain: directed, acyclic, and nonbranching
6.2.1. The Causal Order Hypothesis and two types of Obliques
6.2.2. The construal of noncausal (causally undirected) relations: spatial, possessive, and other relations
6.2.3. The construal of noncanonical (cyclic) causal relations
6.3. Alignment, voice, and the verbal profile
6.3.1. Passive voice, ergativity, and alignment
6.3.2. Voice systems, topicality, and the verbal profile
6.4. Causation type and diathesis (Causatives and Applicatives)
6.4.1. Causation type and the simple verb
6.4.2. Causatives and inducive causation
6.4.3. Applicatives and Base Object Inertia
6.5. The typology and diachrony of case syncretisms: toward a conceptual space for participant roles
6.6. Conclusion
7. The interaction of aspect and causal structure in verb meaning
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Inactive actions and noncanonical force dynamics
7.3. The aspectual type and temporal unity of simple verbal events
7.4. Two types of verbal semantic structure
7.4.1. Manner vs. result, verb-framing vs. satellite-framing, or directed change vs. undirected change
7.4.2. Manner conflation in simple verbs
7.4.3. Result verbs and directed change
7.5. Conclusion
8. Complex predicate constructions and the semantics of simple verbs
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Two types of Resultatives
8.2.1. Temporally dependent vs. independent, adjunct vs. argument, or weak vs. strong
8.2.2. An aspectual analysis, with a digression on unspecified Objects and related constructions
8.3. The typology of complex constructions and simple events
8.3.1. Depictive constructions
8.3.2. Serial Verb constructions and Converb constructions
8.4. Conclusion: simple verbs as maximally individuated events
9. Verb meaning and argument structure constructions
9.1. The semantic interaction of verbs and constructions revisited
9.2. The conceptual structure of events in argument structure constructions
9.3. The semantic contributions of verbs and constructions
9.4. A usage-based exemplar model of verb + construction meaning
9.5. Conclusion
10. Envoi
Glossary of terms
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References
Index of authors
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Index of languages
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Index of grammatical categories and constructions
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Index of subjects
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