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John Cotes, PhD, (deceased), was a respiratory physiologist who played a key role in the conquest of Everest in 1953. He also played prominent roles in the European Respiratory Society, the Thoracic Society, and the Association of Respiratory Technicians and Physiologists, and was an honorary fellow of the Faculty of Occupational Medicine.
Robert L. Maynard, CBE, FRCP, FRCPath, is an Honorary Professor of Environmental Medicine at the University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Sarah J. Pearce, FRCP, is Formerly Consultant Physician at County Durham and Darlington NHS Foundation Trust, Darlington, UK.
Benoit B. Nemery, MD, PhD, is Professor of Toxicology & Occupational Medicine for the Faculty of Medicine at the Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Belgium.
Peter D. Wagner, MD, is Distinguished Professor of Medicine & Bioengineering at the University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
Brendan G. Cooper, PhD, FERS, FRSB, is Consultant Clinical Scientist in Respiratory and Sleep Physiology at University Hospital Birmingham and holds an Honorary Professorship in Respiratory & Sleep Physiology at the University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Preface xxvii
Contributors xxix
Part I Introduction 1
1 How We Came to Have Lungs and How Our Understanding of Lung Function has Developed 3
Part II Foundations 21
2 Getting Started 23
3 Development and Functional Anatomy of the Respiratory System 33Sungmi Jung and Richard Fraser
4 Body Size and Anthropometric Measurements 45
5 Numerical Interpretation of Physiological Variables 57J. Martin Bland
6 Basic Terminology and Gas Laws 75Adrian Kendrick
7 Basic Equipment and Measurement Techniques 91Brendan G. Cooper
8 Respiratory Surveys 117Peter G.J. Burney
9 The Application of Analytical Technique Applied to Expired Air as a Means of Monitoring Airway and Lung Function 129Paolo Paredi and Peter Barnes
Part III Physiology and Measurement of Lung Function 149
10 Chest Wall and Respiratory Muscles 151Andre De Troyer and John Moxham
11 Lung Volumes 177
12 Lung and Chest Wall Elasticity 187G. John Gibson
13 Forced Ventilatory Volumes and Flows 203Riccardo Pellegrino
14 Theory and Measurement of Respiratory Resistance 217Jason H.T. Bates
15 The Control of Airway Function and the Assessment of Airway Calibre 231Eric Derom
16 Ventilation, Blood Flow, and Their Inter-Relationships 259G. Kim Prisk
17 Transfer of Gases into the Blood of Alveolar Capillaries 301Eric Derom and Guy F. Joos
18 Transfer Factor (Tl) for carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) 313Colin D.R. Borland and Mike Hughes
19 Oxygen 353Dan S. Karbing and Stephen E. Rees
20 Carbon Dioxide 377Erik R. Swenson
21 Control of Respiration 389Bertien M.-A. Buyse
22 The Sensation of Breathing 407Mathias Schroijen, Paul W. Davenport, Omer Van den Bergh, and Ilse Van Diest
23 Breathing Function in Newborn Babies 423Urs P. Frey and Philipp Latzin
Part IV Normal Variation in Lung Function 435
24 Normal Lung Function from Childhood to Old Age 437Andrew Bush and Michael D.L. Morgan
25 Reference Values for Lung Function in White Children and Adults 463
26 Reference Values for Lung Function in Non-White Adults and Children 499
Part V Exercise 517
27 Physiology of Exercise and Effects of Lung Disease on Performance 519
28 Exercise Testing and Interpretation, Including Reference Values 553
29 Assessment of Exercise Limitation, Disability, and Residual Ability 577
30 Exercise in Children 587Andrew Bush
Part VI Breathing During Sleep 595
31 Breathing During Sleep and its Investigation 597Joerg Steier
Part VII Potentially Adverse Environments 615
32 Hypobaria 617James Milledge
33 Immersion in Water, Hyperbaria, and Hyperoxia Including Oxygen Therapy 639Einar Thorsen
34 Effects of Cold and Heat on the Lung 653Malcolm Sue-Chu
Part VIII Lung Function in Clinical Practice 661
35 Strategies for Assessment of Lung Function 663James Hull
36 Patterns of Abnormal Lung Function in Lung Disease 673William Kinnear
37 Lung Function in Asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Lung Fibrosis 681Wim Janssens and Pascal Van Bleyenbergh
38 Lung Function in Specific Respiratory and Systemic Diseases 697Stephen J. Bourke
39 Pulmonary Rehabilitation 729Sally Singh
40 Lung Function in Relation to Surgery, Anaesthesia, and Intensive Care 737Goran Hedenstierna
Index 751
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