Composites Materials for Food Packaging

Name: Composites Materials for Food Packaging
Brand: Wiley-ISTE
Price: 197.99 EUR
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Giuseppe Cirilo Marek A. Kozlowski Umile Gianfranco Spizzirri(Herausgeber*in)

Wiley-ISTE (Verlag)

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 4. Mai 2018

462 Seiten

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978-1-119-16021-2 (ISBN)

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Inhalt

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
1 Montmorillonite Composite Materials and Food Packaging
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Polymer/MMT-Based Packaging Materials
1.2.1 Polyethylene(PE)/MMT-Based Packaging Materials
1.2.2 Polystyrene(PS)/MMT-Based Packaging Materials
1.2.3 Polypropylene (PP)/MMT-Based Composites for Food Packaging
1.2.4 Poly(ethylene)terephthalate(PET)/MMT-Based Packaging Materials
1.3 Biopolymers and Protein/MMT-Based Packaging Materials
1.3.1 Starch/MMT-Based Packaging Materials
1.3.2 Cellulose/MMT-Based Packaging Materials
1.3.3 Chitosan/MMT Composite Materials
1.3.4 PLA/MMT-Based Packaging Materials
1.3.5 Protein /MMT-Based Packaging Materials
1.4 Ag+-Cu2+-Zn2+/MMT-Based Composites Packaging Materials
1.4.1 Ag+/MMT-Based Packaging Materials
1.4.2 Cu2+/MMT-Based Packaging Materials
1.4.3 Fe2+/MMT-Based Composites
1.5 Metal Oxide/MMT-Based Packaging Materials
1.6 Natural Antioxidants/MMT Composite Materials for Food Packaging
1.7 Enzyme/MMT-Based Composites Packaging Materials
1.8 Conclusion
References
2 Halloysite Containing Composites for Food Packaging Applications
2.1 Halloysite
2.1.1 Molecular and Crystalline Structure
2.1.2 Properties
2.1.3 Surface Modification of HAL
2.1.3.1 Modification of the External Surface
2.1.3.2 Modification by Click Chemistry
2.2 Nanocomposites Containing HAL
2.2.1 HAL Containing Non-Degradable Synthetic Polymeric Nanocomposites for Food Packaging Applications
2.2.1.1 Processing Strategies
2.2.1.2 Polyolefins/HNTs Nanocomposites
2.2.1.3 Polystyrene/HNTs Nanocomposites
2.2.1.4 Polyamide/HNTs Nanocomposites
2.2.1.5 PET/HNTs Nanocomposites
2.2.1.6 Elastomers(Rubbers)/HNTs Nanocomposites
2.2.1.7 Epoxy/HNTs Nanocomposites
2.2.2 HAL-Containing Degradable Polymeric Bionanocomposites for Food Packaging
2.2.2.1 Preparation of HNT-Containing Degradable Nanocomposites
2.2.2.2 Properties of HNT-Containing Degradable Nanocomposites
2.2.2.3 Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVOH)/HNT
2.2.2.4 Polyalkanoates/HNT Nanocomposites
2.2.2.5 PLA/Halloysite Biocomposites
2.2.2.6 Polysaccharide-HNT Composites
2.2.2.7 Lignocellulose/Wood Fibers/HAL Clay Composites
2.2.2.8 Polysaccharides/HAL Clay Composites
2.2.2.9 Proteins/HNT Biocomposites
2.2.2.10 Natural Rubber/HNTs Composites
2.3 Conclusion
References
3 Silver Composite Materials and Food Packaging
3.1 Silver and Silver Compounds as Active Agents
3.1.1 History and Background
3.1.2 Chemical Species of Silver
3.1.3 Silver in Polymeric Matrices for Food Packaging Purposes
3.1.3.1 Different Methodologies to Incorporate Silver and Silver Species into Packaging Materials
3.1.3.2 Functional Characterization of Silver-Enriched Packaging Materials
3.1.4 Current Legislation Applied to Silver Composite Materials Used for Food Packaging
3.2 Conclusions
References
4 Zinc Composite Materials and Food Packaging
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Food Packaging
4.3 Polymers in Food Packaging
4.4 Nanotechnology
4.5 Nano-Fillers
4.6 Classification of Nano-Fillers
4.7 ZnO Nanoparticles
4.7.1 Advantages of ZnO Nanoparticles
4.7.2 Limitations of ZnO Nanoparticles
4.8 Composites
4.8.1 Classification of Composites
4.8.1.1 Metal Matrix Composites
4.8.1.2 Ceramic Matrix Composites
4.8.1.3 Polymer Matrix Composites
4.8.2 Components of Composites
4.8.2.1 Matrix
4.8.2.2 Fillers
4.8.2.3 Nanocomposites
4.8.3 Preparation of Nanocomposites
4.8.3.1 Solution Casting
4.8.3.2 In Situ Polymerization
4.8.3.3 Melt Extrusion
4.8.4 Properties of Nanocomposites
4.8.4.1 Mechanical Properties
4.8.4.2 Thermal Properties
4.8.4.3 Barrier Properties
4.8.4.4 Antimicrobial Properties
4.8.5 Applications of Nanocomposites
4.8.6 ZnO-Based Composites in Food Packaging
4.8.6.1 Preparation of ZnO Composites
4.8.6.2 Morphology of the ZnO Composites
4.8.6.3 Mechanical Properties of ZnO Composites
4.8.6.4 Barrier Properties of ZnO Composites
4.9 Conclusions
References
5 Silicium-Based Nanocomposite Materials for Food Packaging Applications
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Nanosilica/Polymer Composites
5.2.1 Composite Preparation
5.2.1.1 Blending
5.2.1.2 Sol-Gel Process
5.2.1.3 In Situ Polymerization
5.3 Characterization of Polymer/Nancomposites
5.3.1 Morphology
5.3.2 Physical-Chemical Properties
5.3.2.1 Thermal Properties
5.3.2.2 Mechanical Properties
5.3.2.3 Crystallization of Polymer/Silica Nanocomposites
5.3.3 Barrier Properties
5.3.4 Optical Properties
5.3.5 Antimicrobial Properties
5.4 Conclusion
References
6 Nanoiron-Based Composite Oxygen Scavengers for Food Packaging
6.1 Introduction
6.1.1 The Effect of Oxygen on Packed Products
6.1.2 The Need of Oxygen Scavengers
6.2 Characteristics of Oxygen Scavengers
6.2.1 Types and Classification of Oxygen Absorbers
6.2.2 Iron-Based Oxygen Scavengers
6.2.3 The Factors Influences the Efficiency of Iron-Based Oxygen Scavengers
6.3 Nanomaterials and Nanoiron
6.3.1 Nanomaterials Property
6.3.2 Nanoiron Property
6.3.3 Nanoiron Preparation
6.4 Nanoiron-Based Composite Oxygen Scavengers
6.4.1 Why Nanoiron?
6.4.2 Nanoiron with Specific Properties
6.4.3 Composite Oxygen Scavengers Based on Nanoiron
6.4.4 Safety of the Use of Composite Oxygen Scavengers Based on Nanoiron
References
7 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) Composite Materials and Food Packaging
7.1 Introductions on Carbon Nanotubes
7.2 Polymer/CNTs Composite Materials
7.2.1 Modification of CNTs
7.2.2 Fabrication Method
7.2.3 Properties
7.3 Safety Issues of CNTs and Polymer/CNTs Composites
7.3.1 Toxicity of CNTs
7.3.2 Migrations of CNTs from Polymer/CNTs Composites
7.4 Outlook
References
8 Polymer/Graphene Nanocomposites for Food Packaging
8.1 Polymers for Food Packaging
8.2 Polymers for Steel Can Packaging
8.3 Water Permeation and Anticorrosion of Polymer Coatings
8.4 Polymer-Food Interactions
8.5 Polymer/Clay Nanocomposites
8.6 Polymer/Graphene Nanocomposites
8.6.1 Graphene and its Derivatives for Food Packaging
8.6.2 Biodegradable Polymer/Graphene Nanocomposites
8.6.3 Synthetic Polymer/Graphene Nanocomposites
8.7 Summary and Outlook
References
9 Biodegradability and Compostability of Food Nanopackaging Materials
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Biodegradability and Compostability
9.3 Biodegradability and Compostability of Food Nanopackaging Materials
9.3.1 Biodegradability and Compostability of Food Nanopackaging Made from Biopolymers
9.3.2 Biodegradability and Compostability of Food Nanopackaging Made from Nanoclays
9.3.3 Biodegradability and Compostability of Food Nanopackaging Made from Bionanocomposites
9.3.3.1 Biodegradability and Compostability of Food Nanopackaging Made from Bionanocomposites - Biopolymers/Nanoclays
9.3.3.2 Biodegradability and Compostability of Food Nanopackaging Made from Bionanocomposites - Biopolymer/Nanocellulosic Material
9.4 Conclusion
Conflicts of Interest
Acknowledgments
References
10 Nanocellulose in Food Packaging
10.1 Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Biopolymeric Films/Coatings Containing Cellulose Nanostructures
10.1.1 Biopolymeric Films Containing CNCs
10.1.2 Bioactive Films Containing CNFs
10.1.3 Nanostructured Bio-Based Bacterial Cellulose (BC)-Containing Films
10.2 Physicochemical Properties of Bio-Nanocomposites Materials Reinforced with CNC
10.3 Enhancement of the Mechanical Properties of Polymers with CNC
10.4 Enhancement of the Barrier Properties of Polymers with CNC
10.5 Research Works on CNC as Biodegradable Reinforcement and Barrier Component
10.5.1 Grafting of Cellulose Nanocrystals for Food Packaging
10.5.2 TEMPO-Mediated Oxidation of Nanocellulose
10.5.3 Functionalization of Nanocellulose via TEMPO-Mediated Oxidation
10.5.4 Cationization of Nanocellulose with Antimicrobial Purposes
10.5.5 Esterification
10.5.6 Non-Covalent Surface Chemical Modification
10.5.7 Polymerization of Bioactive Compounds onto Nanocellulose Surface
10.6 Conclusion
References
11 Nanocellulose in Combination with Inorganic/Organic Biocides for Food Film Packaging Applications - Safety Issues Review
11.1 Introduction
11.1.1 Typical Polymers and Processes Used to Prepare Flexible Films in the Packaging Industry
11.1.2 Current Organic and Inorganic Antimicrobial Materials (Biocides) Used in Packaging and Correlating Processing Conditions
11.1.3 Release of Active Components (Biocides) From Packaging Films - Tentative Mechanisms
11.2 Nanocellulose in Flexible Film Food Packaging
11.2.1 Current Forms of Cellulose Used in Packaging
11.2.2 Nanocellulose in Flexible Film Food Packaging
11.2.3 Nanocellulose in Combination with Organic and Inorganic Antimicrobial Materials
11.2.4 Nanocelulose in Combination with Copper and Benzalkounium Chloride - West Virginia University (WVU) Preliminary Results
11.2.4.1 Nanocellulose - Copper/Zinc: Synergistic Effect (Preliminary Experiments)
11.2.4.2 Nanocellulose - Benzalkonium Chloride (BZK) (Preliminary Experiments)
11.3 Health and Environmental Toxicity Evaluations of Active Antimicrobial Packaging
11.3.1 General Toxic Evaluations on Packaging Materials (In Vivo, In Vitro Testing) - the United States
11.3.2 General Toxic Evaluations on Packaging Materials (In Vivo, In Vitro Testing) - Europe
11.3.3 Specific Toxic Evaluation on Cellulosic and Nanocellulosic Materials
References
12 Composite Materials Based on PLA and its Applications in Food Packaging
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Synthesis of Polylactic Acid
12.3 Reinforcing Agents
12.3.1 Natural Fibers and Fillers
12.3.2 Synthetic Fibers and Fillers
12.4 Surface Modification of Fibers and Fillers
12.4.1 Physical Methods (Corona, Plasma, Irradiation Treatments)
12.4.2 Chemical Methods (Alkaline, Acetylation, Maleation, Silane, Enzymatic Treatment)
12.5 Nanostructures in the PLA Matrix
12.6 Processing Techniques
12.6.1 Processing Technologies of PLA Composites
12.6.1.1 Compression Molding
12.6.1.2 Extrusion
12.6.1.3 Injection Molding
12.6.1.4 Extrusion or Injection Blow Molding
12.6.1.5 Calendering, Cast Film, and Sheet
12.6.1.6 Thermoforming
12.6.1.7 Foaming PLA
12.7 Properties Related to Packaging Applications
12.7.1 Physical Properties
12.7.2 Mechanical Properties
12.7.3 Thermal Properties
12.7.4 Functional Properties
12.8 Recyclability of PLA
12.9 Biodegradation of PLA
12.10 Future Tendencies
References
13 Nanomaterial Migration from Composites into Food Matrices
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Nanotechnology in the Food Industry
13.2.1 Nanoparticle Characterization Techniques
13.2.2 Nanoparticle Characterization in Food Matrices
13.2.3 Nanomaterial Migration from Composites into Food Matrices: Case Studies
13.3 Nanoparticle Toxicology
13.3.1 Toxicological Tests
13.3.2 Toxicological Studies of ENMs Used in the Food Packaging Industry
13.3.3 Ecotoxicology of ENMs
13.4 Migration Assays and Current Legislation
13.4.1 Food Contact Nanomaterials
13.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Index
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