Optimization and Business Improvement Studies in Upstream Oil and Gas Industry

Name: Optimization and Business Improvement Studies in Upstream Oil and Gas Industry
Brand: Wiley
Price: 109.99 EUR
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Sanjib Chowdhury(Autor*in)

Wiley (Verlag)

Erschienen am 1. August 2016

336 Seiten

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Beschreibung

Delves into the core and functional areas in the upstream oil and gas industry covering a wide range of operations and processes
Oil and gas exploration and production (E&P) activities are costly, risky and technology-intensive. With the rise in global demand for oil and fast depletion of easy reserves, the search for oil is directed to more difficult areas - deepwater, arctic region, hostile terrains; and future production is expected to come from increasingly difficult reserves - deeper horizon, low quality crude. All these are making E&P activities even more challenging in terms of operations, technology, cost and risk. Therefore, it is necessary to use scarce resources judiciously and optimize strategies, cost and capital, and improve business performance in all spheres of E&P business.
Optimization and Business Improvement Studies in Upstream Oil and Gas Industry contains eleven real-life optimization and business improvement studies that delve into the core E&P activities and functional areas covering a wide range of operations and processes. It uses various quantitative and qualitative techniques, such as Linear Programing, Queuing theory, Critical Path Analysis, Economic analysis, Best Practices Benchmark, Business Process Simplification etc. to optimize
* Productivity of drilling operations
* Controllable rig time loss
* Deepwater exploration strategy
* Rig move time and activity schedule
* Offshore supply vessel fleet size
* Supply chain management system
* Strategic workforce and human resource productivity
* Base oil price for a country
* Standardize consumption of materials
* Develop uniform safety standards for offshore installations
* Improve organizational efficiency through business process simplification
The book will be of immense interest to practicing managers, professionals and employees at all levels/ disciplines in oil and gas industry. It will also be useful to academicians, scholars, educational institutes, energy research institutes, and consultants dealing with oil and gas. The work can be used as a practical guide to upstream professionals and students in petroleum engineering programs.

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Inhalt

Intro
TITLE PAGE
COPYRIGHT PAGE
CONTENTS
PREFACE
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
CHAPTER 1 OPTIMIZATION AND BUSINESS IMPROVEMENT STUDIES IN UPSTREAM OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY: AN OVERVIEW
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.1.1 Importance of Oil and Gas
1.1.2 Early Use of Oil and Gas
1.2 E&P ACTIVITIES AND PROCESSES
1.2.1 High-Risk and High-Cost Activity
1.2.2 High Technology Activity
1.3 NEED FOR OPTIMIZATION IN UPSTREAM INDUSTRY
1.3.1 Optimization Techniques
1.4 IMPORTANCE OF CREATIVITY AND DATA USABILITY FOR BUSINESS PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT
1.5 OVERVIEW OF THE BOOK
REVIEW EXERCISES
REFERENCES
FURTHER READING
CHAPTER 2 OPTIMIZING PRODUCTIVITY OF DRILLING OPERATIONS
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 A BRIEF NOTE ON DRILLING OPERATION AND COST
2.3 OBJECTIVES
2.3.1 Methodology
2.4 KEY OBSERVATIONS AND FINDINGS
2.4.1 Analysis of Key Observations
2.5 HUMAN FACTORS
2.5.1 Areas of Concern
2.5.2 Suggestions for Improvement
2.6 ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS
2.6.1 Areas of Concern
2.6.2 Suggestions for Improvement
2.7 TECHNICAL FACTORS
2.7.1 Areas of Concern
2.7.2 Suggestions for Improvement
2.8 BENEFITS AND SAVINGS POTENTIAL
2.9 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY AND SCOPE FOR FURTHER WORK
2.10 CONCLUSION
REVIEW EXERCISES
REFERENCES AND USEFUL LINKS
FURTHER READING
CHAPTER 3 A DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH TO OPTIMIZE CONTROLLABLE RIG TIME LOSS
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 RIG TIME LOSS AND NONPRODUCTIVE DRILLING TIME
3.3 OBJECTIVES
3.3.1 Methodology
3.4 OBSERVATIONS
3.4.1 Summary of Observations
3.5 WAITING ON MATERIALS
3.5.1 Observations and Areas of Concern
3.5.2 Duration of Waiting versus Frequency of Occurrence
3.5.3 Availability of OSVs
3.5.4 Suggestions for Improvement
3.5.5 Savings Potential
3.6 WAITING ON DECISIONS
3.6.1 Observations and Areas of Concern
3.6.2 Suggestions for Improvement
3.6.3 Savings Potential
3.7 WAITING ON LOGGING
3.7.1 Observations and Areas of Concern
3.7.2 Duration of Waiting versus Frequency of Occurrence
3.7.3 Inferences and Suggestions for Improvement
3.7.4 Savings Potential
3.8 EQUIPMENT REPAIR DOWNTIME
3.8.1 Observations and Areas of Concern
3.8.2 Duration of Waiting versus Frequency of Occurrence
3.8.3 Inferences and Suggestions for Improvement
3.8.4 Savings Potential
3.9 OTHER SHUTDOWN
3.9.1 Observations and Areas of Concern
3.9.2 Duration of Waiting versus Frequency of Occurrence
3.9.3 Inferences and Suggestions for Improvement
3.9.4 Savings Potential
3.10 WAITING ON WEATHER
3.10.1 Observations and Areas of Concern
3.10.2 Duration of Waiting versus Frequency of Occurrence
3.10.3 Suggestions for Improvement
3.10.4 Savings Potential
3.11 CONCLUSION AND SCOPE FOR IMPROVEMENT
3.11.1 Scope for Improvement
REVIEW EXERCISES
REFERENCES
FURTHER READING
CHAPTER 4 OPTIMIZING G&G STRATEGIES FOR DEEPWATER OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 OBJECTIVES
4.3 METHODOLOGY
4.4 OPTIMIZATION OF G&G EVALUATION TIME IN DEEPWATER WELLS
4.4.1 Observations and Deep Dive
4.4.2 Suggestions
4.4.3 Benefits
4.5 ECONOMICS OF ACQUIRING LWD FOR OWN DEEPWATER RIG
4.5.1 Observations and Deep Dive
4.5.2 Suggestions
4.6 IMPROVE ACCURACY OF GEOLOGICAL PREDICTIONS
4.6.1 Observations and Deep Dive
4.6.2 Suggestions
4.7 EFFECT ON DOWNHOLE COMPLICATIONS DUE TO THE VARIATION IN FORMATION PRESSURE
4.7.1 Observations and Deep Dive
4.7.2 Suggestions
4.8 SLIPPAGE IN WELL COMPLETION TIME OF DEEPWATER WELLS
4.8.1 Observations and Deep Dive
4.8.2 Suggestions
4.8.3 Benefits
4.9 INFLUENCE OF PEOPLE'S FACTORS ON THE SUCCESS OF DEEPWATER EXPLORATION
4.9.1 Observation
4.9.2 Suggestions
4.10 BENEFITS
4.11 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY AND SCOPE FOR IMPROVEMENT
4.12 CONCLUSION
REVIEW EXERCISES
FURTHER READING
CHAPTER 5 OPTIMIZATION OF OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSEL FLEET SIZE USING QUEUING THEORY
5.1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OF THE PROBLEM
5.2 OBJECTIVES
5.2.1 Methodology
5.3 WAITING LINE MODEL: A BRIEF NOTE
5.3.1 Components of Basic Queuing Process
5.3.2 Kendall's Notation
5.3.3 Transient and Steady-State Condition
5.3.4 Birth-Death Processes
5.3.5 Steady-State Analysis of Birth-Death Processes
5.4 FORMULATION OF THE MODEL
5.4.1 Model Calibration
5.4.2 Model Execution
5.5 RESULTS
5.5.1 Recommendation
5.6 LIMITATIONS OF THE MODEL AND SCOPE FOR FURTHER WORK
5.7 CONCLUSION
REVIEW EXERCISES
Appendix 5.A QUEUING CHARACTERISTICS WITH VARYING NUMBER OF OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSELS
Appendix 5.B FINAL SOLUTION FOR M/M/31 MODEL
REFERENCES
FURTHER READING
CHAPTER 6 STANDARDIZING CONSUMPTION OF HSD, CEMENT, AND CHEMICALS IN OIL/GAS WELLS AND RIGS
6.1 INTRODUCTION
6.2 OBJECTIVES
6.3 METHODOLOGY
6.4 STANDARDIZATION OF HSD CONSUMPTION
6.4.1 Choosing Parameters for Fixing Standards
6.4.2 Fixing Standards for HSD Consumption
6.4.3 Validation of Result (Standard)
6.4.4 Suggestions
6.4.5 Engine Efficiency and Load
6.4.6 Suggestions for Improvement
6.4.7 Benefits
6.5 STANDARDIZATION OF OIL WELL CEMENT CONSUMPTION
6.5.1 Observations
6.5.2 Fixing Standards for Consumption of Cement
6.5.3 Suggestions
6.6 STANDARDIZATION OF CHEMICAL CONSUMPTION
6.6.1 Fixing Standards for Consumption of Chemicals
6.6.2 Observations
6.6.3 Suggestions
6.7 BENEFITS AND SCOPE FOR IMPROVEMENT
6.7.1 Scope for Improvement
6.8 CONCLUSIONS
6.8.1 Standardizing HSD Consumption
6.8.2 Standardization of Oil Well Cement Consumption
6.8.3 Standardization of Chemical Consumption
6.8.4 Suggestions and Benefits
REVIEW EXERCISES
Appendix 6.A DETAILS OF OWN AND HIRED RIGS DEPLOYED AT OFFSHORE ASSET
REFERENCE
FURTHER READING
CHAPTER 7 OPTIMIZING RIG MOVE TIME AND ACTIVITY SCHEDULE USING CRITICAL PATH ANALYSIS
7.1 INTRODUCTION
7.1.1 A Brief Note on Drilling Rigs
7.2 OBJECTIVES
7.2.1 Methodology
7.3 A BRIEF NOTE ON NETWORK ANALYSIS USING PERT/CPM
7.4 DEVELOPMENT OF NETWORK ANALYSIS MODEL
7.4.1 Identifying Tasks/Activities
7.4.2 Defining Relationship and Interdependencies of Tasks/Activities
7.4.3 Estimating Duration of Tasks/Activities
7.4.4 Assigning Resources for Tasks/Activities
7.4.5 Drawing Activity Network and Determining Critical Path
7.4.6 Assumptions and Prerequisites
7.4.7 Model Execution
7.5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
7.6 PROBABILITY OF COMPLETION OF PROJECT ON TIME
7.6.1 Computing Probability
7.7 CRASHING OF ACTIVITY AND PROJECT COMPLETION TIME
7.8 SUGGESTIONS
7.8.1 Benefits
7.9 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY AND SCOPE FOR FURTHER WORK
7.9.1 Resource Allocation under Constraints
7.9.2 Effect of Crashing
7.10 CONCLUSIONS
7.10.1 Benefits
REVIEW EXERCISES
Appendix 7.A List of Tasks/Activities
Appendix 7.B Slack
Appendix 7.C Critical Path
REFERENCES AND USEFUL LINKS
FURTHER READING
CHAPTER 8 DEVELOPING UNIFORM STANDARDS FOR EMERGENCY ALARM SYSTEM AND INDICATORS FOR OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS INSTALLATIONS
8.1 INTRODUCTION
8.1.1 Background of the Problem
8.2 OBJECTIVES
8.3 METHODOLOGY
8.4 OBSERVATIONS
8.4.1 Reasons for Variations
8.5 DEEP DIVE AND FINDINGS
8.6 RECOMMENDATIONS
8.7 CONCLUSIONS
REVIEW EXERCISES
APPENDIX 8.A CURRENT EMERGENCY ALARM SYSTEMS/CODE OF SIGNALS AT VARIOUS OFFSHORE RIGS
Appendix 8.B Curent Emergency Alarm Systems/Code of Signals at Various Offshore Platforms
REFERENCES AND USEFUL LINKS
CHAPTER 9 OPTIMIZING SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF AN E&&P COMPANY
9.1 INTRODUCTION
9.1.1 Background
9.2 THE EVOLUTION OF SCM
9.2.1 Material Requirement Planning
9.2.2 Manufacturing/Management Resource Planning
9.2.3 Enterprise Resource Planning
9.2.4 Supply Chain Management
9.3 OBJECTIVES
9.3.1 Methodology
9.4 SCM SYSTEM
9.5 PROCUREMENT GROUP
9.5.1 Procurement Cycle Time
9.5.2 Material Planning Process
9.5.3 Order Processing Time
9.5.4 Procurement of Common Items
9.5.5 Procurement of Spares
9.5.6 Categorization of Materials: Core and Noncore Procurement
9.6 MATERIALS MANAGEMENT GROUP
9.6.1 Inventory Management
9.6.2 Warehouse Functions
9.7 SCM SUPPORT GROUP
9.7.1 Creation of SCM Support Services
9.7.2 Demand Forecasting
9.7.3 Strategic Procurement
9.7.4 Vendor Relationship Management
9.8 BENEFITS
9.9 THE SCOPE FOR FURTHER WORK
9.10 CONCLUSIONS
9.10.1 Benefits
REVIEW EXERCISES
REFERENCES AND USEFUL LINKS
FURTHER READING
CHAPTER 10 MANPOWER OPTIMIZATION AND: STRATEGIC WORKFORCE PLANNING
10.1 INTRODUCTION
10.2 OBJECTIVES
10.2.1 Approach
10.3 MANPOWER PLANNING AND OPTIMIZATION PROCESS
10.4 METHODS OF MANPOWER DEMAND FORECASTING
10.4.1 Demand Forecasting Using "Best Practice Benchmark"
10.4.2 Demand Forecasting Using Manning Norms and Work Practices
10.4.3 Mathematical Optimization Models and Techniques
10.5 OTHER KEY ISSUES IN MANPOWER PLANNING
10.6 INTRODUCTION OF MULTISKILLING AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
10.6.1 Identification of Low-Utilization Trades/Disciplines/Categories
10.6.2 Suggestions
10.7 RATIONALIZATION OF DISCIPLINES, TRADES, AND CATEGORIES
10.7.1 Proliferation of Disciplines and Trades: Historical Reasons
10.7.2 Changing World, Scope for Outsourcing, and Redundancy
10.7.3 Disciplines/Trades with Low Engagement or Occupation Time
10.7.4 Faulty Recruitment and Promotion Policy
10.7.5 Rationalization of Disciplines/Trades
10.7.6 Suggestion
10.8 A CASE STUDY ON MANPOWER OPTIMIZATION
10.8.1 Background
10.8.2 Objectives
10.8.3 Methodology
10.8.4 Activities and Facilities
10.8.5 Analysis of the Existing Manpower
10.8.6 Assess Manpower Requirement
10.8.7 Findings and Results
10.8.8 Suggestions
10.8.9 Benefits
10.9 CONCLUSION
10.9.1 Benefits
REVIEW EXERCISES
Appendix 10.A SUMMARIZED WORK SAMPLING OBSERVATION SHEET OF RIG MAINTENANCE CREW (ELECTRICAL MAINTENANCE CREW)
Appendix 10.B ASSESSMENT OF MANPOWER DEMAND VIS-À-VIS CURRENT EMPLOYEE STRENGTH OF THE ASSET (BALANCING MANPOWER DEMAND AND SUPPLY)
Appendix 10.C ASSESSMENT OF MANPOWER DEMAND AND COMPARISON (ACTIVITY/SUBSECTION WISE)
10.C.1 Assessment of Manpower Demand: Drilling Services Group
10.C.2 Assessment of Manpower Demand: Cementing Services
10.C.3 Assessment of Manpower Demand: Mud Services
10.C.4 Assessment of Manpower Demand: Surface Group
10.C.5 Assessment of Manpower Demand: Subsurface Group
10.C.6 Assessment of Manpower Demand: Well Services
Appendix 10.D SOME NOTABLE EXCESS/DEFICIT CATEGORIES AS PER ASSESSMENT
Appendix 10.E ASSESSMENT OF MANPOWER DEMAND USING COMPANY NORMS AND WORK PRACTICES
10.E.1 Assessment of Manpower Demand: Drilling Services
10.E.2 Assessment of Manpower Demand: Cementing Services
10.E.3 Assessment of Manpower Demand: Mud Services
10.E.4 Assessment of Manpower Demand: Surface Group
FURTHER READING
CHAPTER 11 IMPROVING ORGANIZATIONAL EFFICIENCY THROUGH BUSINESS PROCESS SIMPLIFICATION
11.1 INTRODUCTION
11.2 OBJECTIVES
11.2.1 Methodology
11.3 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BUSINESS PROCESS SIMPLIFICATION AND BUSINESS PROCESS REDESIGN/REENGINEERING
11.4 IDENTIFY OPPORTUNITIES FOR BUSINESS PROCESS SIMPLIFICATION
11.5 BUSINESS PROCESS SIMPLIFICATION: SOME REAL-LIFE EXAMPLES
11.5.1 Housing Loan
11.5.2 Official Tour/Duty Travel
11.5.3 No Objection Certificate for Passport
11.5.4 Permission for Visiting Abroad
11.6 SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT
11.7 SCOPE FOR FURTHER WORK
11.8 CONCLUSION
REVIEW EXERCISES
REFERENCES
FURTHER READING
CHAPTER 12 OPTIMIZATION OF BASE OIL PRICE USING LINEAR PROGRAMMING
12.1 INTRODUCTION
12.1.1 Pricing
12.1.2 Oil Pricing
12.1.3 Oil and Gas Accounting
12.2 OBJECTIVES
12.2.1 Methodology
12.3 A BRIEF NOTE ON LP
12.4 FORMULATION OF THE MODEL
12.4.1 Revenue
12.4.2 Cost
12.4.3 Profitability
12.4.4 Substitute Price
12.4.5 International Oil Price
12.4.6 Reserves-Production Ratio
12.4.7 Price Multiplier from RPR (Pm)
12.4.8 Objective Function
12.5 MODEL CALIBRATION AND EXECUTION
12.6 RESULTS
12.6.1 Sensitivity Analysis
12.6.2 Dual Problem
12.7 LIMITATIONS OF THE MODEL AND SCOPE FOR FURTHER WORK
12.7.1 Scope for Further Work
12.8 CONCLUSIONS
REVIEW EXERCISES
Appendix 12.A RESULT FOR RUN 1
12.A.1 (Run 1) Result: Objective
12.A.2 (Run 1) Result: Constraints
Appendix 12.B RESULT FOR RUN 2
12.B.1 (Run 2) Result: Objective
12.B.2 (Run 2) Result: Constraints
Appendix 12.C (RUN 1) RESULT: SENSITIVITY-OBJECTIVE AND RANGE OF VARIABILITY
Appendix 12.D (RUN 2) RESULT: SENSITIVITY-OBJECTIVE AND RANGE OF VARIABILITY
Appendix 12.E (RUN 1) RESULT: SENSITIVITY-DUALS
Appendix 12.F (RUN 2) RESULT: SENSITIVITY-DUALS
REFERENCES AND USEFUL LINKS
INDEX
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