Introduction.- Changes in primary and secondary lymphoid organs (bone marrow, thymus, lymph nodes, spleen).- Immune barriers (skin, mucosa).- Innate immunity (neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages).- Adaptive immunity (T and B lymphocytes: naïve, effector and memory phenotypes and functions).- ReIntroduction.- Changes in primary and secondary lymphoid organs (bone marrow, thymus, lymph nodes, spleen).- Immune barriers (skin, mucosa).- Innate immunity (neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages).- Adaptive immunity (T and B lymphocytes: naïve, effector and memory phenotypes and functions).- Regulatory/suppressive cells (Treg, MDSC).- Infections - Flu, pneumonia, COVID.- Vaccine responses.- Cancer.- Neurodegenerative disease.- Lifestyle/Interventions(physical activity, nutrition, supplements).