Astigmatism

Name: Astigmatism | Types, Diagnosis and Treatment Options
Brand: Nova Science Publishers
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Types, Diagnosis and Treatment Options

Reuben Buckley(Herausgeber*in)

Nova Science Publishers

Erschienen am 1. Juni 2017

167 Seiten

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978-1-60456-162-3 (ISBN)

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Inhalt

Intro
ASTIGMATISM TYPES, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OPTIONS
ASTIGMATISM TYPES, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OPTIONS
Contents
Preface
Chapter I Astigmatism Management in Patients after Corneal Transplant
Abstract
Introduction
Surgical Methods [AK, PRK, LASIK]
Astigmatic Keratotomy
What Is Astigmatic Keratotomy?
How Is It Performed?
Advantages and Disadvantages
Outcomes
Manual AK
Mechanized AK
Femtosecond Laser Assisted AK
Conclusion
PRK
What Is PRK
How Is It Performed?
Advantages and Disadvantages
Outcomes
LASIK
What Is LASIK
How Is It Performed?
Advantages and Disadvantages
Outcomes
Conclusion
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter II Power Vectors for the Management of Astigmatism: From Theoretical to Clinical Applications
Abstract
1. Introduction
1.1. Astigmatism: Opening Remarks
1.2. Antecedents of Power Vectors
1.3. Power Vectors for the Representation of Dioptric Power
2. Power Vectors for the Management of Astigmatism: Theoretical Applications
2.1. Power Vectors for Refractive Data Analysis
2.2. Visual Acuity and Power Vector's Length
2.3. Javal's Rule in Vector Formalism
2.4. Power Vectors in Clinical Refraction Routines
2.4.1. Reinterpreting Subjective Routines in 3D Dioptric Space: Stenopaic Slit Refraction and Jackson Crossed-Cylinder Tests
2.4.2. Power Vector Procedures in Clinical Practice
2.5. Power Vectors and Wavefront Technology
2.6. Astigmatic Wavefront Propagation Using Power Vectors
3. Power Vectors for the Management of Astigmatism: Clinical Applications
3.1. Subjective Refraction in Irregular Corneas
3.2. Toric Contact Lenses
3.3. Refractive Surgery with Toric Intraocular Lenses
3.4. Corneal Refractive Surgery
References
Chapter III Toric Intraocular Lenses for the Correction of Astigmatism during Cataract Surgery
Abstract
Introduction
Prevalence of Corneal Astigmatism and Its Importance in Visual Outcomes of Cataract Surgery
How to Treat Corneal Astigmatism in Cataract Patients - Advantages of Toric IOLs
Preoperative Evaluation
Candidates Assessment and Selection
Biometry and IOL Power Calculation
Surgical Steps
Patient Preparation and Marking
Placing the Clear Cornea Incision (CCI) - Knowing Your Surgically Induced Astigmatism (SIA)
Phacoemulsification and IOL Implantation
Post-Operative Follow-Up - Rotational Stability
Current Toric IOLs
IOL Material and Design
Monofocal Toric IOLs
Acrysof IQ toric (Alcon Laboratories, Inc, Ft. Worth, Texas, USA)
Tecnis Toric ZCT100-400 (Abbott Medical Optics Inc [AMO], Santa Ana, California, USA)
Precizon Toric (Ophtec BV, Groningen, Holland)
Multifocal Toric IOLs
Acrysof IQ Restor (Alcon Laboratories, Inc.)
Tecnis Multifocal Toric ZMT 150-400 (Abbott Medical Optics)
Conclusion
References
Chapter IV Irregular Astigmatism Management
Abstract
Introduction
Contact Lenses
Photorefractive Procedures
Corneal Tuck
Conductive Keratoplasty
Semilunar and Wedge Resections
Radial Keratotomy
Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments
Toric Intraocular Lenses
Bioptics
Keratoplasty
Recommendations
References
Chapter V Addressing Preexisting Astigmatism during Phacoemulsification: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract
Introduction
Elementary Concepts and Definitions
Definition of Astigmatism
Prevalence of Astigmatism
Classification of Corneal Astigmatism Magnitudes
Astigmatism Analysis
Optical and Physiological Effects of Ocular Astigmatism
Treatment Options
I. Incisional Approach
II. Non-Incisional Approach
Postoperative Enhancement Procedures
References
Index

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