Psalm 118 in the Gospel of John

Name: Psalm 118 in the Gospel of John | An Intertextual Study on the New Exodus Pattern in the Theology of John
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An Intertextual Study on the New Exodus Pattern in the Theology of John

Andrew Brunson(Autor*in)

Mohr Siebeck (Verlag)

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Erschienen im Dezember 2019

XIV, 451 Seiten

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Beschreibung

Andrew Brunson examines the presence and function of Ps 118 in the Gospel of John, placing particular emphasis on its interpretation in a New Exodus context which has previously not been developed in the Fourth Gospel. Following a comprehensive survey of Ps 118's Jewish setting, its role in the festivals, and its use in the Synoptic Gospels, special attention is given to the quotations in the Entrance Narrative.The author argues that John portrays Jesus as bringing an end to Israel's state of continuing exile by fulfilling the role reserved to Yahweh in the New Exodus. This culminates in the Entrance to Jerusalem where Jesus embodies the return of Yahweh to reign among his people. A literary study of the coming-sent theme in John underscores the extent to which Jesus is identified ontologically and functionally with the Father. A previously unnoticed allusion to Ps 118 and Jubilees in John 8.56 is explored, and attention is paid to establishing the presence and developing the function of several neglected allusions to the psalm in 10:7-10; 10:24-25; and 11:41-42.

Andrew Brunson examines the presence and function of Ps 118 in the Gospel of John, placing particular emphasis on its interpretation in a New Exodus context which has previously not been developed in the Fourth Gospel. Following a comprehensive survey of Ps 118's Jewish setting, its role in the festivals, and its use in the Synoptic Gospels, special attention is given to the quotations in the Entrance Narrative. The author argues that John portrays Jesus as bringing an end to Israel's state of continuing exile by fulfilling the role reserved to Yahweh in the New Exodus. This culminates in the Entrance to Jerusalem where Jesus embodies the return of Yahweh to reign among his people. A literary study of the coming-sent theme in John underscores the extent to which Jesus is identified ontologically and functionally with the Father. A previously unnoticed allusion to Ps 118 and Jubilees in John 8.56 is explored, and attention is paid to establishing the presence and developing the function of several neglected allusions to the psalm in 10:7-10; 10:24-25; and 11:41-42.

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Inhalt

Cover
Titel
Preface
Table of Contents
Abbreviations
Chapter 1 Introduction
I. Introductory Remarks
II. Method and Approach
A. Intertextuality
1. The Theory of Intertextuality
2. The Recovery and Function of Allusions and Echoes
3. Definitions and Criteria for Identifying Citations
a. Definitions
b. Tests for Allusions and Echoes
B. Intertestamental Mediation of Scripture
C. Context Fields
III. Distinctives and Plan of Study
Chapter 2 Psalm 118 in its Jewish Setting
I. The Original Setting of Ps 118
A. Options Proposed
B. The Autumn Festival
1. Reconstruction of the Festival
2. The Role of the King in the Cult
3. Difficulties with Festival Reconstructions
C. Psalm 118's Royal Associations
1. Evidence Internal to Ps 118
2. Post-exilic Royal Associations of Ps 118
Messianic-Eschatological Interpretation of Stone Texts
3. The Significance of Ps 118's Royal Associations
Conclusion
II. Psalm 118 and the Feast of Tabernacles
A. Tabernacles in the OT: Exilic and Post-exilic
B. Tabernacles in Intertestamental Literature
C. Tabernacles Symbols: Coins, Lulab, Water
D. Psalm 118 and the Hallel at Tabernacles
E. Rabbinics
F. The Hallel and Dedication
Conclusion
III. Psalm 118 and the Feast of Passover
A. Continuing State of Exile
1. Continuing Exile: OT
2. Continuing Exile: Second Temple Literature
B. Passover and Exodus
1. OT and Intertestamental
2. Actualization of Passover
3. The Cup of Salvation and Coins
C. The Hallel and Passover
1. The Sacrifice and Evening Meal
2. The Hallel and Internal Passover Themes
3. Psalm 118 and Exodus Themes
D. Passover, New Exodus, and the Hallel in the Rabbinics
Conclusion
IV The Hallel
A. Popularity in Judaism
Date
B. The Use of Ps 118 at Qumran
C. The Hallel in Legends
D. The Hallel and Rabbinics
E. Antiphonal Readings
V. Psalm 118 in its Literary Context and in the Psalter
A. Approach
B. The Hallel's Internal Connections
C. The Hallel's Surrounding Context
D. The Eschatological Shape of the Psalter
Chapter 3 Psalm 118 in the Synoptic Gospel
I. Psalm 118 in Mark
A. The Passion Prediction (Mark 8.31-33)
B. The Entrance to Jerusalem (Mark 11.1-11)
C. The Parable of the Wicked Tenants (Mark 12.1-11)
D. The Hymn (Mark 14.26)
Summary
II. Psalm 118 in Luke
A. The Baptist's Question (Luke 7.18-23)
B. The First Passion Prediction (Luke 9.22)
C. The Lament over Jerusalem (Luke 13.34-35)
D. An Additional Passion Prediction (Luke 17.25)
E. The Entrance to Jerusalem (Luke 19.28-40)
F. The Parable of the Wicked Tenants (Luke 20.9-19)
G. Peter's Sermon (Acts 4.11)
Summary
III. Psalm 118 in Matthew
A. The Baptist's Question (Matt 11.2-6)
B. The Entrance to Jerusalem (Matt 21.1-11)
C. Jesus in the Temple (Matt 21.12-17)
D. The Parable of the Wicked Tenants (Matt 21.33-46)
E. The Lament Over Jerusalem (Matt 23.37-39)
F. The Hymn (Matt 26.30)
Summary
IV. The Relationship of John to the Synoptics
Chapter 4 The Broader Context of John's Use of Ps 118
I. Introduction
Clarifications
II. Old Testament Use in John
A. Quotations
1. Formula Quotations
2. Pattern of Quotation
B. Other Uses of the OT in John
1. Old Testament Motifs, Themes and Symbols
2. Literary Structure: Institutions and Feasts
C. Replacement Theology
D. The OT and John's Audience
Conclusion
III. New Exodus
A. Introduction
B. Return from Exile
1. Exodus Typology
a. Passover
b. Other Parallels Evoking the Exodus
c. Structural Parallels - Works and Signs
2. Regathering the Exiles
a. The Twelve Tribes
b. Gathering the True Israel
c. Forgiveness
d. New Ownership
e. Signs of Deliverance
3. Conclusion
C. The Defeat of Evil
D. The Coming of God
E. Conclusion
Chapter 5 Psalm 118 in the Entrance Narrative
I. Introduction
II. The Textual Unit
A. Macro Context
B. Micro Context
C. The Quotation
1. Verbal Parallels
2. Thematic Parallels
III. The Structure and Background of the Entrance
A. Introduction
B. Options for the Background
1. Roman
2. Jewish Entries
a. Pilgrimage
b. Royal Entries
3. Conclusion
C. Psalm 118 as Structure for the Entrance
D. Conclusion
IV. The Hosanna
A. The Form and Meaning of Hosanna
1. The Translation
2. The Original Meaning
3. Christian Changes
B. The First-Century Meaning of Hosanna
C. Hosanna in John
D. Conclusion
V. The Palm Branches
A. The Phrasing
B. Evoking Tabernacles Traditions
C. The Availability of Palm Branches
D. Implications for John
E. Conclusion
VI. King of Israel
A. Introduction: Kingship in John
B. Background Options for the Title "King of Israel"
1. The Davidic Messiah
2. Other Kings of Israel
3. Moses
C. Psalm 118 and the King of Israel
VII. Psalm 118 and the Zechariah Combination Quote
Chapter 6 The Coming One
I. Survey of the Coming One Motif
A. The Prologue and Testimony of the Baptist
B. Nicodemus, the Baptist, and the Samaritan Woman
C. The First Sabbath Confrontation and the Bread of Life Conflict
D. Tabernacles Conflicts
E. The Second Sabbath Conflict, Dedication, Lazarus
F. Post-Entry Teaching
1. The Epilogue
2. The Last Discourse
3. The Prayer
II. The Function of the Coming-Sent Motif
A. Literary Function
B. Theological Function
1. Characterization of God
2. Characterization of Jesus
C. Function in the Entrance
III. The Coming-Sent Motif and its Relationship to Ps 118
Conclusion
Chapter 7 Re-reading the Entrance
I. Introduction
II. Mounting the Donkey: Correction or Affirmation?
A. Survey of Scholarship
B. Affirmation and True Belief
1. Jesus' Response to the Crowd's Acclaim
2. The Crowd
III. The Warrior King
A. The Original Context of Zech 9
B. The Warrior in John
C. The Donkey
IV. The Function of the Zechariah Quote
V. The Disciples' Misunderstanding
Chapter 8 "Abraham rejoiced ...": Ps 118 in John 8.56
I. Introduction
II. Establishing the Allusion: Ps 118.24 in John 8.56
III. Establishing the Event
A. Difficulties in the Text
B. Options for the Event
C. The Argument for Jubilees
D. Conclusion
IV. The Function
A. The Function of Ps 118
B. The Function of Jubilees
C. The Misunderstanding
V. Other Echoes
A. A Liturgical Echo: Ps 118.25 in John 8.58
B. A Thematic Echo: Ps 118.22 in John 8.59
C. A Structural Echo: Ps 118.27 in John 8.12
VI. Conclusion
Chapter 9 The Door: Ps 118 in John 10.7-10
I. Introduction
II. Setting the Parameters
A. The Macro Context
B. The Micro Context
III. Establishing the Allusion
A. The Background of the Door
B. Verbal Parallels
C. Contextual Evidence
IV. An Allusion to the Temple Door
A. The Gates of Righteousness and Ps 118
B. Ezekiel, Tabernacles, and the Temple
V. The Function of the Allusion
A. Replacing the Temple Door
B. Three Primary Functions
1. Exclusivity
2. Inclusion
3. Security
VI. The Door in New Exodus Context
Chapter 10 Two Additional Allusions
I. "Then the Jews surrounded him ...": Ps 118 in John 10.24-25
A. Introduction
B. Establishing the Allusion
C. The Function of the Allusion
1. Setting the Context
2. The Question
3. Identifying Jesus
4. Identifying Jesus' Opponents
II. The Prayer of Jesus in the Lazarus Narrative: Ps 118 in John 11.41b-42
A. Establishing the Allusion
1. Initial Issues
2. Verbal and Contextual Evidence
B. Examining the Prayer
1. Initial Characteristics of the Prayer
2. The Occasion and the Audience
3. The Purpose of the Prayer
C. The Function of the Allusion
1. Preparation for Battle: Anamnesis
2. Conquering Death: The Thanksgiving of Faith
3. The Supplication: Belief in the Sent One
Chapter 11 Conclusion
I. Summary and Conclusions
II. Implications
A. Method
B. Points for Further Exploration
C. The Present Work in Relationship to Johannine Studies
Bibliography
Index of References
Selective Index of Modern Authors
Index of Subjects

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