Respiration is a unique topic among various subdisciplines of physiology. Physiolo gists and clinicians are now able to communicate quantitative functional properties of lung mechanics and gas exchange in the language of the engineer, physicist and mathematician. This is largely due to intensive and stimulating work during the last decades of brilliant minds in a handful of excellent schools in the international family of physiologists. Among these founders of respiratory physiology are a number of clinicians, and they have. taken significant ,part both in shaping the theoretical knowledge to clinical applicability and developing technical devices for diagnosis and therapy in pulmonology. However, the theory behind the evaluation of measure ments, and their interpretation in terms of clinical function tests, is so confusingly complex that the ordinary physician, not specifically trained in respiratory physiol ogy, finds himself unable to critically apply these techniques. We, therefore, need descriptions of respiratory physiology and of its clinical application presented in the language of the clinician. And that is what this book is meant to be. Written by an expert in electrical and biomedical engineering, and by an expert in intensive care medicine, this text constitutes an "operational manual" of clinical respiratory physiology. It does not intend to be another textbook of basic respiratory physiology or pathophysiology. This book not only addresses practical clinicians, particularly those of intensive care medicine, by describing the essentials of clinically relevant respiratory knowledge.
Sprache
Verlagsort
Verlagsgruppe
Illustrationen
18 s/w Abbildungen
XIII, 171 p. 18 illus.
Dateigröße
ISBN-13
978-3-642-73040-5 (9783642730405)
DOI
10.1007/978-3-642-73040-5
Schweitzer Klassifikation
1. Evaluation of Pulmonary Function in the Intensive Care Patient.- 1.1. The Clinically Important Pulmonary Function Index.- 1.2. What Clinicians Expect of Transducers and Data Processing.- 1.3. A Measuring System for Clinical Research.- 2. Derivation of the Pulmonary Function Indices.- 2.1. Introduction.- 2.2. Breathing Mechanics.- 2.3. Lung Volume and Intrapulmonary Gas Mixing.- 2.4. Transpulmonary Gas Transport: Exchange of O2 and CO2.- 3. Assessment of Pulmonary Function Indices.- 3.1. Sensors.- 3.2. Data Processing.- 3.3. Testing the Measuring System.- 3.4. Use of the Measuring System in the Intensive Care Unit.- 3.5. Sensitivity of the Indices in the Presence of Acute Pathological Changes in the Lungs: Case Studies.- 4. Application I: Standard Values Dring Mechanical Ventilation After Cardiac Surgery.- 4.1. Patients and Examination.- 4.2. The Ventilation.- 4.3. Breathing Mechanics.- 4.4. Accessible Pulmonary Volume.- 4.5. Washout Efficiency and Moment Analysis.- 4.6. CO2 Production and O2 Consumption.- 4.7. Conventional Indices for CO2 Exchange.- 4.8. Specific Indices for CO2 Exchange.- 4.9. Cardiac Output.- 4.10. Correlations.- 5. Application II: A Study on Optimizing Mechanical Ventilation.- 5.1. Problem.- 5.2. Studies by Other Authors.- 5.3. Hypotheses.- 5.4. Patients and Methods.- 5.5. Results and Discussion.- 5.6. Summarizing Discussion and Conclusions.- 6. Application III: A Study on Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (IMV).- 6.1. Patients and Methods.- 6.2. Results.- 6.3. Discussion.- 7. Appendices.- 7.1. On the Morphology of the Lungs.- 7.2. Technical Principles of Mechanical Ventilation.- 7.3. Measuring the Pleural Pressure with an Esophageal Balloon.- 7.4. Transport Equation for Convection and Diffusion.- 7.5. Relationship Between Dead Space andV?A/Q? Scatter.- 7.6. Viscosity of Gas Mixture.- 7.7. Determination and Dependencies of the Delay Time Between Flow Sensor and Mass Spectrometer.- 7.8. List of Formulas.- 7.9. Result-Tables.- References.
