Sedimentary Crisis at the Global Scale 1

Name: Sedimentary Crisis at the Global Scale 1 | Large Rivers, From Abundance to Scarcity
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Large Rivers, From Abundance to Scarcity

Jean-Paul Bravard(Autor*in)

Wiley (Verlag)

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 4. März 2019

256 Seiten

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978-1-119-57986-1 (ISBN)

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Beschreibung

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Inhalt

Cover
Half-Title Page
Dedication
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgements
Introduction
1. The Torrential Crisis in the European Mountains (14th-19th Centuries)
1.1. Introductory generalities on global fluvial systems
1.2. Manifestations of the LIA crisis in the river valleys of Western Europe
1.2.1. Mountain crises
1.2.2. River crises and metamorphoses of the Drac and the Isère in Grenoble
1.2.3. Flooded piedmont plains in Switzerland
1.2.4. Sedimentation and large works in Italy
1.3. The difficult mastery of the Rhine delta in the modern era
1.3.1. Flow distribution between river branches: an age-old battle against the elements of nature
1.3.2. Returns on destabilization
1.4. Observations on the torrentiality of the Southern Alps in the late 18th and 19th Centuries
1.4.1. A highly degraded state of affairs in the late 18th Century
1.4.2. Prefect Pierre-Henri Dugied's project (1819)
1.4.3. Alexandre Surell, author of the French policy for restoring mountain territories
1.4.4. The restoration of mountain land (RTM)
1.4.5. The Southern Prealps (Drôme): what kind of balance in torrential milieus?
1.5. The sediment conveyor belt, from torrents to outlets
1.5.1. The forester Georges Fabre, from the Aigoual to the Gironde
1.5.2. The Rhône river trough
1.5.3. The redistribution of alluvia in the upper delta of the Rhône
1.5.4. Solid contributions to the Rhône outlet and progression of the Camargue delta
2. Continuity in European Hydraulic Science (16th-18th Centuries)
2.1. From hydraulic architecture to the fluvial system: transalpine preeminence
2.1.1. At the roots of European science
2.1.2. A great Italian scholar, Paolo Frisi
2.2. The first naturalist approaches to the water cycle in the Seine basin
2.2.1. Pierre Perrault
2.2.2. Edme Mariotte
2.2.3. French hydraulic science in the 18th Century
2.2.4. Emergence of the natural state of rivers in the mid-18th Century
2.2.5. Jean-Antoine Fabre, the great naturalist engineer of Southern Alpine torrents
2.3. Conclusion
3. Exploited Nature and the River's Responses to the Globe's Surface
3.1. Mistreated soil and accelerated erosion
3.1.1. The Huang-He (Yellow River) basin: accelerated erosion in ahighly fragile milieu
3.1.2. Soil erosion in North America
3.1.3. Accelerated erosion on the Great Russian Plains, from Belarus to the Urals
3.1.4. New Zealand, "destruction on the pretext of development" [WYN 02]
3.2. Mineral predation and river bursts
3.2.1. Lead and zinc in the Pennines: mines threatening dairy livestock
3.2.2. The "debris" from the gold-bearing alluvia of the Sierra Nevada (California)
3.2.3. The coal mines of the Loess Plateau, the Huang-He watershed
3.2.4. Mountaintop mining in the Appalachians at the risk of downstream reaches
3.3. Conclusion
4. From Hills to the Ocean: Production, Transfer and Trapping
4.1. Global continental contributions to oceans
4.1.1. Continental denudation and sediment flux to river mouths
4.1.2. Natural sediment interception on the way to oceans
4.1.3. Disturbances in "geological" fluxes during the Anthropocene
4.2. Selected case studies on the Earth's surface
4.2.1. The Yangzi basin
4.2.2. The sediment load of rivers in mountain regions subject to tropical cyclones
4.2.3. The effects of the recent protection of degraded continental milieus
4.2.4. Mining and the increase in river loads
4.3. Irreversible flux disturbances
4.3.1. The major role of artificial reservoirs
4.3.2. Hydrological and sedimentary effects
4.3.3. Trapping and effects on sediment transfer
4.3.4. River diversion, loss of transport capacity and trapping
4.3.5. Predation of river resources: sand and gravel
5. The Recent Hydrosedimentary History of Some of the Globe's Largest Rivers
5.1. A river in its natural state, the Amazon
5.1.1. The river in its basin
5.1.2. River function
5.1.3. The threat of dams
5.2. Adjusted rivers in China and Southeast Asia
5.2.1. The Huang-He downstream of the Loess Plateau: contemporary generalities
5.2.2. The Yangtze and the Three Gorges Dam
5.2.3. The Mekong
5.3. The Mississippi, an altered river in a new country
5.3.1. Basin and hydrology
5.3.2. Geology of the Mississippi basin
5.3.3. Aspects of the river
5.3.4. Modifications to the sedimentary budget
5.4. Overexploited rivers in regions with a water deficit
5.4.1. The God River and the Aswan Dams
5.4.2. The Colorado River
Conclusion
Glossary
Bibliography
Index of Common Terms
Index of Places
Index of Names
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