Cardiovascular Disease

Foreword vii

List of Common Abbreviations ix

About the Companion Website xi

Terms of Reference xiii

Task Force Membership xv

1 The Aetiology and Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease 1
Professor Keith N. Frayn and Sara Stanner

2 The Fetal and Childhood Origins of Cardiometabolic Disease 29
Professor Caroline Fall and Dr Kalyanaraman Kumaran

3 Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes 49
Professor Keith N. Frayn, Dr Stacey Lockyer, and Sara Stanner

4 Lipid-Related Factors 75
Professor Leanne Hodson

5 Inflammation-Related Factors 99
Professor Parveen Yaqoob and Professor Gordon Ferns

6 Adipose Tissue-Derived Factors 121
Dr Vidya Mohamed-Ali and Dr Mashael AlJaber

7 Endothelial and Vascular Function 153
Professor Gordon Ferns and Professor Sumantra Ray

8 The Haemostatic System: Coagulation, Platelets, and Fibrinolysis 179
Professor Coen Stehouwer, Professor Marlien Pieters and Dr Moniek P.M. de Maat

9 Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Disease 213
Professor Richard Bruckdorfer

10 Vitamins and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease 245
Professor Robert Clarke

11 Influences of the Human Gut Microbiome 271
Professor Julie Lovegrove and Dr Gemma Walton

12 Physical Fitness and Physical Activity: Effects on Risk of Cardiovascular Disease 293
Professor Marie Murphy, Professor Steven N. Blair, and Bridget Benelam

13 Diet and Cardiovascular Disease: Where Are We Now? 311
Professor Judith L. Buttriss and Sarah Coe

14 Conclusions of the Task Force 367

15 Recommendations of the Task Force 375

16 Cardiovascular Disease: Answers to Common Questions 393

References 415

Index 511