Proceedings of the 21st Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2021)

Name: Proceedings of the 21st Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2021) | Volume III: Sector Based Ergonomics
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Volume III: Sector Based Ergonomics

Nancy L. Black W. Patrick Neumann Ian Noy(Herausgeber*in)

Springer (Verlag)

Erschienen am 17. Mai 2021

XXVI, 856 Seiten

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Inhalt

Intro
Preface
IEA2021 Acknowledgements
Organization
IEA2021 Organizing Committee
IEA2021 Congress Chair
Technical Program Committee Co-chairs
Media Outreach
Developing Countries
ePosters Coordinator
Exhibits Coordinator
Early Career Researcher Program Coordinator
Media Relations
Events/Social
French Language Coordinator
Communications Coordinator
EasyChair Platform Technical Liaison
Scientific Committee of IEA2021
Contents
I Part I: Practitioner Cases (Edited by Ruud N. Pikaar)
The Virtual World: A Challenge for On-Site Action in Ergonomics
1 Introduction
1.1 The Reasons Why
1.2 The Context
2 The Ergonomist Work Transformation
2.1 The Original Methodology
2.2 An Adapted Methodology
3 Results: The Practice in Action
3.1 First Action
3.2 Second Action
4 Discussion: Perceptions and Perspectives
5 Conclusions
References
Overcoming the Challenges of Remote Home Office Assessments
1 Introduction and Problem
2 Context
3 Actions
3.1 Market Research
3.2 Develop Virtual Office Assessment Process
3.3 Trialed, Tested, and Put the Virtual Office Assessment to Market
3.4 Complete Assessments and Refine the Process
4 Outcomes
4.1 Market Research
4.2 The Virtual Office Assessment Process
4.3 Completing Assessments and Refining the Process
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
Reference
Does a 12-hour Shift Affect Brazilian Workers' Mental and Physical Health?
1 Introduction
1.1 Impact of 12-hour Work Shift on Workers' Health
2 Methodology
2.1 Participants
2.2 Procedures
2.3 Instruments
3 Results
3.1 Sleep Assessment
3.2 Physical Health Assessment
3.3 Mental Health Assessment
3.4 Assessing the Perception of Work-Family Conflict
3.5 Work Shift Satisfaction
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Evaluating Physical Work Load and Posture During Testing of Welding Points - Case Study
1 Background
1.1 Musculoskeletal Disorders
1.2 Work Situation
2 Objective
3 Methodology
4 Results
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Application of Participative Ergonomics in a Manufacturing Plant in the Health Area in Brazil
1 Introduction
2 Participatory Methodology
2.1 The Company
2.2 Participatory Methods
3 Results
4 Conclusion
References
Cases of Human Factors Engineering in Oil & Gas
1 Problem
1.1 The Value of Case Studies
1.2 Content of Case Studies
2 Actions - To Be Honest, It Wasn't Entirely Scientific!
3 Outcomes
3.1 Content for Control Center Design
3.2 Management of HF Activities
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
HFE in Ever-Changing Industrial Scenario
1 Introduction
1.1 Problem Statement
1.2 Objective
2 Approach and Method
3 Results and Outcomes
3.1 Operation Lines Under Assessment
3.2 Outcome
3.3 Recommendations
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Teller's Workstation Design Project - Health and Wellbeing through Ergonomics
1 Main Message
2 Context
3 Actions
4 Outcomes
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Ergonomic Intervention in a Colombian Manufacturing Company: Successes and Failures
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results
4 Discussions
5 Conclusions
References
Using SELR (Simplify-Enable-Leverage-Resource) to Develop Solutions to Identified Opportunities
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
The Immersion in Virtual Reality of Control Room Activity
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results
4 Discussions
5 Conclusions
References
Ergonomics is Profitable - Experiences from a Holistic Manufacturing Plant Level Development Process
1 Ergonomics: A Driver of Development
1.1 Ergonomics as a System Perspective
1.2 Promoting Ergonomics
1.3 The Development Process of Production Facilities
2 Results
3 Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
Using Knowledge Work Intensity Assessment to Improve the Effectiveness of Quality Assurance in New Drug Development
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Methods of Using the Lifting Fatigue Failure Tool (LiFFT) as an Ergonomic Assessment Tool in the Commercial Production of Turkey Eggs
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Task Descriptions
2.2 Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Designing the BrainTagger Researcher Platform to Automate Development of Customized Cognitive Games
1 Introduction
1.1 Problem
2 Objective
3 Method
4 Results
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
II Part II: Aerospace (Edited by Guy André Boy)
Heart Rate, Heart Rate Variability and Subjective Workload of Commercial Pilots During Jet Airplane Handling Maneuvers
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Procedure
2.2 Data Handling
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
Fatigue-Indicator in Operational Settings: Vocal Changes
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Fatigue Assessment Methods Applied to Air Traffic Control - A Bibliometric Analysis
1 Introduction
1.1 Problem Statement
1.2 Objective/Question
1.3 Methodology
2 Results
2.1 Identified Methods
2.2 Discussion
3 Conclusions
References
Comfort in the Regional Aircraft Cabin: Passenger Priorities
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Estimation of a Pilot's Workload In-Flight Using External Fluctuation Factors: An Experimental Approach Using a Flight Simulator
1 Introduction
2 Collecting Data Through Experiments
2.1 Identifying Factors that Increase the In-Flight Workload of the Pilot
2.2 Acquisition of Learning Data
3 Construction of Estimation Model
3.1 Processing of Collected Data
3.2 Model 1: Estimating Future Flight Data from Current Flight Data
3.3 Model 2: Estimating Workload Level from Physiological Indices
3.4 Model 3: Estimating Workload Level from Flight Data
4 Results
5 Verification of Proposed System
6 Conclusion
References
Single Pilot Operations Along the Human-Centered Design Lifecycle: Reviewing the Dedicated Support Concept
1 Introduction
1.1 Single Pilot Operations for Civil Commercial Aircraft
1.2 The Dedicated Support Concept of Single Pilot Operations
2 Method
2.1 Systematic Literature Review
2.2 Coding Categories and Data Analysis
2.3 Evaluation Regarding the Human-Centered Design ISO 9241-210
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
Some Major Human Issues in Aerospace Engineering: Review and Extension
1 Introduction
2 Review
3 Extension
4 Conclusions
References
Statistical Modelling of Comfort Preferences and Uncertainty in Subjective Evaluations of Aircraft Seat Comfort
1 Introduction
2 Overview of Experiments
2.1 Statistical Data Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
A Staggered Seat is Beneficial for the Flying V Aircraft
1 Introduction
1.1 A New Aircraft: The Flying V
1.2 Staggered Seats
2 Overview of Comfort Study
2.1 Statistical Data Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
III Part III: Agriculture (Edited by Peter Lundqvist)
Improvements of a Tractor Cab's Usability Based on Interaction Analysis and Ergonomics Adjustments
1 Problem Statement
2 Objective
3 Methodology
4 Results
4.1 Redesign of the Front Instrumental Panel
4.2 Redesign of the Levers Dashboard and Seat
5 Discussion
6 Conclusions
References
Agriculture in Transition: New Strategies for the Promotion of Occupational Health and Safety
1 Introduction
1.1 Agriculture - A Risk Prone Industry
1.2 Agriculture in Transformation
1.3 The Need for New Perspectives
2 An Integrated Framework for Understanding and Promoting Occupational Health and Safety in Agriculture
2.1 A Starting Point
2.2 Hypotheses Emerging from the Theoretical Approach
2.3 Application of the Model
3 Conclusion
References
Manual Handling Task of Bovine Quarters Among Delivery Operators in a Chilean Slaughterhouse Company: A Case Study with Ergonomic Approximation
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Results
3.1 Description of the Work Activity Analysis
3.2 Biomechanical Workload
3.3 Dynamic Physiological Workload
3.4 Determinants of Work Activity
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Development of Underground Posture Assessment Tool (UPAT) for Underground Enclosed Spaces: The Algerian Foggara as an Example
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Sample
2.2 Data Collection Tool
3 Results
3.1 First, the Development of an Ergonomics Assessment Tool for Working Postures in Confined Underground Spaces
3.2 Second, the Evaluation of Work Postures Adopted by Foggara Maintenance Workers While Performing the Work
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Ergonomics Intervention Program to Train Water Measurers (Al-Kayyals) for Work at Foggara Irrigation System in Algeria
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Method
2.2 Sample
2.3 Tool
3 Results
3.1 Results of the Evaluation of the Program
3.2 Results of the Follow-Up of the Program
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Smart Farming: Application of Internet of Things (IoT) Systems
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Literature Review
4 Results
5 Conclusion
References
Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Postural Analysis of Lettuce Farmers
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Study Design and Setting
2.2 Instruments
2.3 Data Collection
2.4 Statistical Analysis
3 Results
3.1 Socio-demographic and Work-Related Details
3.2 Musculoskeletal Outcomes
3.3 RULA Analysis
3.4 Factors of Musculoskeletal Symptoms to Farmer's Socio-demographic
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Protection of Pineapple Crop Workers: Outline of Attributes and Technical Specifications for a Set of Personal Protective Equipment
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Work Analysis
2.2 Application of the QFD Method and Construction of the Quality Matrix
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Analysis of Pineapple Harvesting Work
3.2 Priority Hierarchy Tables and Quality Matrices
4 Conclusion
References
Leg Swelling Among Colombian Florists
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Type of Study and Population
2.2 Leg Circumference Measurement
2.3 Calculation of Volume and Percentage of Change
2.4 Statistical Processing
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Case Study: Ergonomic Analysis and Intervention of a Tractor Cabin: Improving Its Usability and Reducing the Risk of Physical Fatigue
1 Problem Statement
2 Objective
3 Methodology
4 Results
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Safety in the Field: Assessing the Impact of Stress and Fatigue on Situation Awareness in Irish and British Farmers
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Participants
2.2 Design
2.3 Data Collection
2.4 Data Analysis
3 Results
3.1 Demographic Characteristics
3.2 Situation Awareness
3.3 Stress and Fatigue
4 Discussion
References
Interaction Analysis and Usability Adjustments in Conceptual Design of a Generic Tractor Cabin
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Literature Review
2.2 Procedures Analysis
2.3 Conceptual Design
3 Results
3.1 Driver's Seat
3.2 Multi-purpose Accessory
3.3 Joystick
3.4 Frontal Panel
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
IV Part IV: Building and Construction (Edited by John Smallwood)
Conscious Ergonomics in Architecture: Energy, Matter, and Form from Theory to Practice
1 Introduction and Background
2 Objective
3 Method
3.1 Scientific State-of-the-Art
3.2 Empiric Experiences
4 Results
4.1 Scientific State-of-the-art Results
4.2 Empirical Experiences Results
5 Discussion and Conclusions
References
Incorporating Ergonomics into a Construction Safety Management System
1 Introduction
1.1 Objective
2 Methodology
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Trends of Fatal Falls in the U.S. Construction Industry
1 Introduction
1.1 Problem Statement
1.2 Objective/Question
2 Methodology
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Effect of Safety Culture on Safety Citizenship Behavior of Construction Personnel in China
1 Background Introduction
2 Literatures Review
2.1 Safety Constructs
2.2 Hypotheses
3 Methodology
3.1 Questionnaire Survey
3.2 Data Analysis
4 Results
4.1 Structural Equation Modeling
4.2 Pearson Correlation
4.3 Linear Regression
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion and Limitation
References
Concrete Casting - Construction Engineers' Attitudes and Knowledge About Work Environment, Risk Factors, Injuries and Self-compacting Concrete
1 Introduction
2 Method
3 Results
3.1 Work Environment
3.2 Work Priorities
3.3 Efficacy of Construction Processes
3.4 SCC and Other Construction-Related Methodologies
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Social Housing and Working-From-Home: An Ergonomic Analysis of Brazilian Dwelling During the Covid-19 Pandemic
1 Introduction
2 Obtained Data from the Environment and the Workplace
2.1 Analysis of the Demand
2.2 Activity Analysis
2.3 Ergonomic Diagnosis and Recommendations
3 Final Considerations
References
Construction Ergonomics: Can the Challenges Be Overcome?
1 Introduction
2 Review of the Literature
3 Research
4 Conclusions
5 Recommendations
References
V Part V: Ergonomics in Manufacturing (Edited by Jim R. Potvin)
Knowledge and Expertise Sharing - Designing an AR-Mediated Cyber-Physical Production System for Industrial Set-Up Processes
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Methodology
4 Results
5 Discussion and Conclusion
References
Strain-Related Evaluation of an AR-Based Cyber-Physical Production System for Setting up Industrial Machines
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Methodology
4 Working Hypotheses
5 Results
6 Discussion and Conclusion
References
Derivation of MTM-HWD® Analyses from Digital Human Motion Data
1 The MTM-HWD® Process Building Block System
2 Application of MTM-HWD®
2.1 Building Block Elements
2.2 Influencing Factors - Lower Limbs
2.3 Influencing Factors - Trunk and Head/Neck
2.4 Influencing Factors - Upper Limbs
3 Categorization of the Influencing Variables
4 Determining the Information Through Human Simulations
4.1 Building Block Elements
4.2 Influencing Factors - Accuracies
4.3 Influencing Factors - Distances
4.4 Influencing Factors - Postures
4.5 Influencing Factors - Forces
5 Implementation with the imk ema Simulation Tool
6 Conclusion
References
A Systemic Overview of Factors Affecting the Cognitive Performance of Industrial Manual Assembly Workers
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Results
3.1 Physical and Mental Demands on Assemblers
3.2 Assemblers' Motivation and Attitudes Towards the Work
3.3 Assembly Conditions and Work-Related Flow
3.4 Learning and Training
3.5 Design- and Manufacturing Engineers' Perspectives on How to Contribute to Sustainable Cognitive Performance
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Ergo4All: An Ergonomic Guidance Tool for Non-ergonomist
1 Introduction
1.1 Problem Statement
1.2 DHM for Manufacturing Engineers
1.3 Objective
2 Methodology
2.1 Ergo4AllT Integration
2.2 The Decision Tree Structure
2.3 Ergo4AllT Output
2.4 Inside Ergo4AllT
3 Result
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Development of Cooperative Artificial Intelligence (AI) Applications to Support Human Work in Manufacturing
1 Problem Statement/Introduction
2 KompAKI - Competence Center for Work and AI
3 Use Case
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion and Outlook
References
Exoskeletons in Automotive Industry: Investigation into the Applicability Across Regions
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Usage Across Regions
3 Findings Across Regions: Common Approach, Outcomes and Challenges
4 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
References
The Impact of a Customized, Job-Specific Stretching Program in Manufacturing: A Pilot Study
1 Introduction
1.1 Description of the Problem
1.2 Background Information
1.3 Purpose/Research Question
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Context
2.2 Participant Description
2.3 Stretching Program Development and Implementation
2.4 Survey Development and Distribution
2.5 Fitness Testing
2.6 Ergonomic Injury Data
2.7 Data Analysis
3 Results
3.1 Physical Fitness Outcomes
3.2 Perceived Discomfort Outcomes
3.3 Affective Outcomes
3.4 Ergonomic Injury Reporting
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
Multidisciplinary Approach Ergonomics and Lean: Articulation Between Performance, Health and Safety
1 Introduction
2 A Necessary Collaboration
3 Methodology
4 Working Together and Moving Towards Major Improvements in Working Conditions and Performance
5 Contribution of the Ergonomic Approach
6 Conclusion
References
Reaction Force Exposure for Tightening Tool Users: An Experimental Study on Nutrunners
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Experimental Procedure
2.2 Psychophysics Approach
2.3 Measured Parameters
2.4 Measurement Equipment
2.5 Data Analysis
3 Results
3.1 Chosen Tightening Torques and Corresponding Reaction Load Levels
3.2 Subjective Ratings of Discomfort
4 Discussion
4.1 Discussion of Results
4.2 Discussion of Methods
5 Conclusion
References
The European Machinery Directive: A Challenge for Manufacturers and Users
1 Introduction
2 The Impact Study Presented by the European Commission
3 The Proposals Mentioned in the European Commission Projects
4 The Stakes for the Designers and the Buyers
5 Dealing with the Changing Nature of Risk
5.1 Machinery Safety at Workplaces
6 Conclusion
References
Reduced Work Pace in a Poultry Slaughterhouse
1 Introduction
2 Method
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
Application of SHERPA (Systematic Human Error Reduction and Prediction Approach) as an Alternative to Predict and Prevent Human Error in Manual Assembly
1 Introduction
1.1 The SHERPA Technique
2 Material and Methods
2.1 Assembly Case
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
Appendix A. Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) of the Assembly of the Printed Circuit Board (PCB)
References
VI Part VI: Human Factors/Ergonomics in Supply Chain Design and Management (Edited by Fabio Sgarbossa)
The SRA Index (Sustainable Risk Awareness Index): A New KPI for Management Support
1 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Objective
2 Methods
3 Results
3.1 The SRA Index
3.2 An Example Illustrating the SRA Index
4 Discussion
4.1 Discussion of Results
4.2 Future Work
5 Conclusions
References
Interventions to Improve Occupational Safety and Health in the Garment Industry - Development of New Integrated Strategies
1 Introduction
2 Decoupling of OSH and Operations
3 Integration as a New Intervention Strategy
4 Methodology
5 Results
6 Discussion and Conclusion
References
Reality-Based Laboratory for Exoskeleton Studies in Logistics
1 Introduction
2 Objective
3 Methodology
3.1 Procedure
3.2 Preliminary Study
3.3 Improvements from the Preliminary Study
3.4 Subjective Measurements
3.5 Objective Measurements
4 Outlook
References
Dynamic Break Management in Logistics on the Basis of Individual Vital Data: Designing the User Interface of an AI-Based Mobile App for Employees in Order Picking
1 Problem Statement and Motivation
2 Research Objective
3 Methodology
3.1 Principles of Human Information Processing in the Design of User Interfaces
3.2 Research Findings on Ergonomic App Design
4 Results
4.1 Current Development Status of the App "Dynamic Break Management"
4.2 Different Mockups for a Research-Based App Design
5 Conclusion
References
Occupational Safety and Health Education and Training: A Latent Dirichlet Allocation Systematic Literature Review
1 Problem Setting
2 Methodology
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
The Entropic Complexity of Human Factor in Collaborative Technologies
1 Introduction
2 Industry 4.0 Collaborative Workplace Scenario
3 Entropy Concept and Human Factor
4 Discussion
References
The Influence of an Ergonomic Storage Location Assignment on Human Strain in Manual Order Picking
1 Introduction
1.1 Workload in Order Picking Systems
1.2 Ergonomic SLA - Literature Review
2 Methods
2.1 Development of the Ergonomic SLA Algorithm
2.2 Evaluation of the Ergonomic SLA Algorithm
3 Results
3.1 EMG
3.2 Perceived Exertion
3.3 Cycle Time
4 Discussion
4.1 Discussion of Results
4.2 Limitations
5 Conclusion
References
Analysis of the Physical Workload and Ergonomic Design of Workstations for "Goods-to-Person" Order Picking
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Captiv Motion Capture System
2.2 EAWS - Experts-Screening Method for Analysis of Physical Work Loads
2.3 Evaluation Procedure of Analysis Data
2.4 Experimental Design and Procedure
3 Results
4 Discussion
4.1 EAWS Analysis
4.2 3D Simulation
5 Conclusion
References
VII Part VII: Transportation Ergonomics and Human Factors (Edited by Peter Burns)
Exploring Cyclist-Vehicle Interaction - Results from a Naturalistic Cycling Study
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Sample Selection
2.2 Data Preparation and Editing
3 Results
3.1 Non-regulated Cyclist-Vehicle Interactions
3.2 Less Regulated Cyclist-Vehicle Interactions
4 Discussion
References
Human-Machine Interfaces for Automated Driving: Development of an Experimental Design for Evaluating Usability
1 Introduction
2 Design of Experiment
2.1 Definition of Usability
2.2 Sample Characteristics
2.3 Test Cases
2.4 Human-Machine Interfaces
2.5 Dependent Variables
2.6 Procedure
2.7 Conditions of Use
2.8 Testing Environment
3 Limitations
4 Summary and Outlook
References
I Spy with My Mental Eye - Analyzing Compensatory Scanning in Drivers with Homonymous Visual Field Loss
1 Theoretical Background
2 Analysis of Visual Attention in Drivers with HVFL
2.1 The SEEV Model of Attention
2.2 Analysis of Attention Allocation in Drivers with HVFL
3 Derivation of Factors Influencing Compensatory Scanning
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
A Matter of Trust - Identification and Evaluation of User Requirements and Design Concepts for a Trust Label in Autonomous Driving
1 Introduction
2 Research Objective and Questions Addressed
3 Empirical Research Approach
3.1 Methodology
3.2 Data Collection and Procedure
3.3 Participants
4 Results
4.1 Study I: Understanding Users' Perceptions of a Trust Label
4.2 Study II: Measuring Users' Attitudes Towards a Trust Label
4.3 Study III: User-Centered Design Concepts of a Trust Label
5 Discussion
References
Pedestrians-Automated Vehicles Interaction: Toward a Specific Trust Model?
1 Introduction
1.1 Research Objectives
2 Method
3 Preliminary Results
4 Discussion
References
Information Depth in a Video Tutorial on the Intended Use of Automated Driving
1 Introduction
1.1 How Do We Learn Best? Insights from Cognitive Psychology
2 Method
2.1 Design and Implementation of the Interactive Video Tutorial
2.2 Study Procedure and Measures
2.3 Sample Description
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Driving a Partially Automated Car with the Hands On or Off the Steering Wheel: Users' Subjective Experiences
1 Problem Statement
2 Methodology
2.1 Population
2.2 Conditions and Critical Events
2.3 Experimental Protocol
2.4 Interviews
2.5 Analysis of the Verbal and Behavioral Data
3 Results
3.1 The Users' Subjective Experience
3.2 Observable Measures: The Objective Risk
4 Discussion
References
Effect of Time Length of Eye Movement Data Analysis on the Accuracy of Mental Workload Estimation During Automobile Driving
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Experimental Conditions
2.2 Quantification of MWL by One-Class Support Vector Machine
2.3 Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusions
References
A User-Centered Approach to Adapt the Human-Machine Cooperation Strategy in Autonomous Driving
1 Introduction
2 Indicators and Diagnose of the Driver's State
3 Design of the HMI
4 Experimental Assessment of the System - A WOz Study
4.1 Method
4.2 Results
5 Discussion
References
Citizen Centered Mobility Planning: The Case of the Speed Limits Reduction of São Paulo Highways
1 Introduction
2 Traffic Models
2.1 Traffic Flow Theory
2.2 Traffic Safety
3 Human Smart City
4 The São Paulo Case Study
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Vibration Transmission at Seat Cushion and Sitting Comfort in Next-Generation Cars
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Participants
2.2 Measures
2.3 Research Design
2.4 Experimental Manipulations
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Why is the Automation Not Available and When Can I Use It?
1 Introduction
1.1 System Understanding and Mental Models
1.2 Information on the ADS When Not Available to Enhance System Understanding
2 Research Objectives
3 Methods
3.1 Experimental Design, HMI Concepts and Procedure
3.2 Apparatus and Measures
3.3 Sample and Statistical Analysis
4 Results
5 Discussion and Limitations
References
Modeling the Orientation of Take-Over Trajectories Using Mixed Linear Effects Models
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Modeling the Data
2.2 Distance of the Trajectory from the Plane
3 Results
3.1 The Plane Model
3.2 Distance of the Trajectory from the Plane
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Driving Posture Assessment: A New Approach
1 Introduction
2 Analyses
2.1 Sitting Strategy
2.2 Physical Strain
2.3 Physical Driving Performance
3 Theoretical Model
4 Summary
References
Goal-Directed Task Analysis for Situation Awareness Requirements During Ship Docking in Compulsory Pilotage Area
1 Introduction
2 Previous Work
2.1 Situation Awareness
2.2 Ship Pilotage
2.3 Compulsory Pilotage
3 Method
3.1 Participants
3.2 Scenario
3.3 Interviews
3.4 Goal Directed Task Analysis (GDTA)
4 Results
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
The Effect of Driving Automation on Drivers' Anticipatory Glances
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Experiment Designs
2.2 Data Analysis
3 Results
3.1 Glances to Anticipatory Cues
3.2 Glances to Roadway
4 Discussion
References
Pedestrians' Attitudes Towards Automated Vehicles: A Qualitative Study Based on Interviews in Germany
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Participants
2.2 Data Collection
2.3 Data Analysis
3 Findings
3.1 General Attitude Towards AVs
3.2 Attitudes Regarding Safety, Compatibility of AVs and Interaction with AVs
4 Discussion
References
The Importance of the Approach Towards the Curb Before Pedestrians Cross Streets
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Scenario
2.2 Data Set
2.3 Raters
2.4 Metrics
3 Results
3.1 Sample
3.2 Distance Between Pedestrian and Vehicle (DPTV)
3.3 Distance Between Pedestrian and Street (DPTS)
3.4 Time for Activity by Pedestrian (TFABP)
4 Discussion and Conclusion
References
Pilot is a Pilot is a Pilot?: Exploration of Effects of Professional Culture in Helicopter Pilots
1 Culture in the Cockpit
1.1 Professional Culture
1.2 The Current Study
2 Methods
2.1 Participants
2.2 Interviews
2.3 Analysis Strategy
3 Results
3.1 Military Culture
3.2 Civilian Culture
3.3 Characteristics and Limitations of Civil Aviation
3.4 Professional Culture of Pilots
3.5 Early Influences on Development of Professional Culture
4 Discussion
4.1 Research Questions and Findings
4.2 Limitations and Future Directions
5 Conclusion
References
Investigation of Driver Behavior During Minimal Risk Maneuvers of Automated Vehicles
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Scenarios
2.2 Apparatus
2.3 Participants
2.4 Experimental Design and Dependent Variables
2.5 HMI
3 Results
3.1 Number of Interventions
3.2 Manner of Intervention
3.3 Time of First Intervention
3.4 Criticality Because of Driver Intervention
3.5 Reasons for (Not) Intervening
3.6 Re-entering into Traffic
4 Discussion and Conclusion
References
An Innovative Seat Ventilation Concept: Does the Seat Provide Overall Thermal Comfort in Autonomous Vehicles?
1 Introduction
2 Fundamentals
3 State of Research
4 Methodology
4.1 Seat Design
4.2 Experimental Setup
4.3 Experimental Parameters
5 Results
6 Discussion
7 Conclusion
References
Design of External Human-Machine Interfaces for Different Automated Vehicle Types for the Interaction with Pedestrians on a Shared Space
1 Theory
2 Method
3 Results
4 Discussion
References
Negative Effect of External Human-Machine Interfaces in Automated Vehicles on Pedestrian Crossing Behaviour: A Virtual Reality Experiment
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Participants
2.2 Apparatus
2.3 Experimental Design
2.4 Procedure
2.5 Statistical Analyses
3 Results
3.1 The Ratio of Pedestrians Who Looked Toward the Left During Crossing
3.2 The Ratio of Pedestrians Who Stopped on the Crosswalk During Crossing
3.3 The Ratio for no Collision Cases
4 Discussions
References
Personality Influences on Drivers' Decision to Take Back Manual Control: A Simulator Study on Automated Driving
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Participants
2.2 Apparatus
2.3 Procedure
2.4 Experimental Design
2.5 Materials
2.6 Data Processing
3 Results
3.1 Influences of Personality Variables
3.2 Influence of Automation Feedback
4 Discussion
4.1 Limitations and Future Work
5 Conclusion
References
Is Interacting with Partial Automation System with a Joystick a Potential Option?
1 Introduction
1.1 Research Background
1.2 Research Questions
2 Method
2.1 Participants and Apparent
2.2 Experiment Design
2.3 Scenario
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
Solving Cooperative Situations: Strategic Driving Decisions Depending on Perceptions and Expectations About Other Drivers
1 Introduction
1.1 Cooperative Situations
1.2 Expectations About Other Drivers
1.3 Conflict and Power as Perceptions of Cooperative Situations
2 Method
2.1 Sample Characteristics
2.2 Procedure
2.3 Materials and Measurements
3 Results
3.1 Driving Decisions, Expectations, and Preferences
3.2 Perception of Cooperative Scenarios
3.3 Cooperativeness and Evaluation of Other Drivers
4 Discussion
4.1 Driving Decisions Depending on Expectations and Preferences
4.2 Comparison of Cooperative Scenarios Based on Conflict and Power
4.3 Relationship Between Driving Decisions and Conflict Perception
4.4 Biases in Cooperativeness Evaluations
4.5 Strengths, Limitations, and Future Work
References
Aspects of Brazilian Pedestrian Behavior: A Questionnaire Study
1 Problem Statement and Context
2 Objective and Method of This Study
3 Preliminary Results
4 Discussion and Future Steps
References
Systematic Development and Evaluation of a User-Oriented System for Public Transport Vehicles Identification
1 Introduction
1.1 Status Quo and Problem Statement
1.2 Objective
1.3 Input Parameter Vehicle Design Methodology
2 Identification of Critical Interactions
2.1 Information Flow Analysis of a Typical Public Transport Usage
2.2 Observational Study
2.3 Discussion
3 Conception of Control and Display System
4 Concept Evaluation in Pedestrian Simulator
4.1 Experimental Setup
4.2 Results
4.3 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Driver's Cardiac Activity Measurement Using Capacitive ECG Measurements from Realistic Driving on City and Highway Roads
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 cECG Sensors and Measurement Setup
2.2 Signal Conditioning Unit
2.3 QRS Detection and Validation
2.4 Test Protocol
3 Results
3.1 Static Test Measurements
3.2 Dynamic Test Measurements
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Pedestrian Behavior and Its Influence to Improve Road Safety in Ecuador
1 Road Safety in Ecuador
2 Analysis
2.1 Results
3 Conclusions
References
Mediating Role of Driving Stress in the Relation Between Reaction Time and Risky Driving
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Subjects
2.2 Experiment Protocol
2.3 Equipment
2.4 Statistical Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Differences in Driving Performance Between Different Road Environment and Emotions
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Participants
2.2 Apparatus
2.3 Tasks
2.4 Simulation Road Environment
2.5 Experiment Design
2.6 Process
3 Results
3.1 The Total Number of Occurrences of TTC?&?2.5 s
3.2 The Total Time of TTC?&?2.5 s
3.3 Lane Position Variation
3.4 Longitudinal Acceleration
4 Conclusions
References
Strategies for User-Centered Adaptation of Future Vehicles
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Vehicular Adaptation
4 Strategies for User-Centered Adaptation
5 Analysis of Current Technologies for Individual Adaptation
6 Conclusion and Outlook
References
Assessment of Thermal Comfort in Different Vehicle-Classes - The Suitability of ISO 14505-2:2006-12
1 Introduction
1.1 Evaluation of Thermal Comfort in a Vehicle
1.2 Objective Evaluation of Thermal Comfort
1.3 Objectives
2 Methodology
2.1 Experimental Design and Procedure
2.2 Dependent Variables
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
6 Outlook
References
Identifying Human Factors and Other Characteristics that Contribute to Injury Severity in Single-Vehicle Four-Wheeler Crashes in Tamilnadu, India
1 Introduction
2 Methods and Materials
2.1 Data
2.2 Methodology
3 Results and Discussions
4 Conclusions and Limitations
References
Severity of Pedestrians in Pedestrian - Bus Crashes: An Investigation of Pedestrian, Driver and Environmental Characteristics Using Random Forest Approach
1 Introduction
2 Methods and Materials
2.1 Data
2.2 Random Forest
3 Results and Discussions
4 Conclusions and Limitations
References
Towards the Management and Mitigation of Motion Sickness - An Update to the Field
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Motion Sickness Prevention and Mitigation
3.1 Mismatched Motion Stimuli
3.2 Sensory Conflict
3.3 Physiological Symptoms
3.4 Psychological Response
3.5 Motion Sickness Syndrome
4 Conclusive Thoughts
References
Determining How Long Truck Driver Whole Body Vibration Exposure Data Has to Be Collected to Estimate Actual Daily Exposures
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Results
4 Discussion and Conclusions
References
How Does Instructed Knowledge Influence Drivers' Decision-Making in Conditional Driving Automation?
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Apparatus
2.2 Participants
2.3 Driving Task and Non-driving Related Activity
2.4 Scenes and Scenarios
2.5 Experimental Design
2.6 Dependent Variables
2.7 Procedure
3 Results
3.1 Rt
3.2 Drivers' Decision-Making
3.3 Questionnaire
4 Discussions and Conclusions
References
Correction to: Conscious Ergonomics in Architecture: Energy, Matter, and Form from Theory to Practice
Correction to: Chapter "Conscious Ergonomics in Architecture: Energy, Matter, and Form from Theory to Practice" in: N. L. Black et al. (Eds.): Proceedings of the 21st Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2021), LNNS 221, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74608-7_37
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