From Russia with Code

List of Abbreviations vii
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction: Russian Economies of Code / Mario Biagioli and Vincent Lépinay 1
I. Coding Collectives
1. Before the Collapse: Programming Cultures in the Soviet Union / Ksenia Tatarchenko 39
2. From Lurker to Ninja: Creating an IT Community at Yandex / Marina Fedorova 59
3. For Code and Country: Civic Hackers in Contemporary Russia / Ksenia Ermoshina 87
II. Outward-Looking Enclaves
4. At the Periphery of the Empire: Recycling Japanese Cars into Vladivostok's IT Communuity / Alexandra Masalskaya and Zinaida Vasilyeva 113
5. Kazan Connected: "IT-ing Up" a Province / Alina Kontareva 145
6. Hackerspaces and Technoparks in Moscow / Aleksandra Simonova 167
7. Siberian Software Developers / Andrey Inkukaev 195
8. E-Estonia Reprogrammed: Nation Branding and Children Coding / Daria Savchenko 213
III. Interlude: Russian Maps
9. Post-Soviet Ecosystems of IT / Dmitrii Zhikharevich 231
IV. Bridges and Mismatches
10. Migrating Step by Step: Russian Computer Specialists in the UK / Irina Antoschyuk 271
11. Brain Drain and Boston's "Upper-Middle Tech" / Diana Kurkovsky West 297
12. Jews in Russia and Russians in Israel / Marina Fedorova 319
13. Russian Programmers in Finland: Self-Presentation in Migration Narratives / Lyubava Shatokhina 347
Contributors 365
Index 369