The Five-Million-Year Odyssey

Name: The Five-Million-Year Odyssey | The Human Journey from Ape to Agriculture
Brand: Princeton University Press
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The Human Journey from Ape to Agriculture

Peter Bellwood(Autor*in)

Princeton University Press

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 2. August 2022

384 Seiten

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Inhalt

Cover
Contents
Preface
How an Archaeologist Discovered Languages and Genes
Reconstructing the Past from Multiple Sources
On "Prehistory
1. The Odyssey Revealed
Five Million Years of Hominin Achievement
Brains, Cultural Creations, and Population Numbers
Hominin Evolution as a Four-Act Drama
Population Growth and Migration: Why They Mattered
Our World as the Stage
How Old Is It? Dating the Past
2. The Odyssey Begins
How Did Hominins Come into Existence?
What Was an Early Hominin?
The "Missing Link" and the Elusive Common Ancestor of Hominins and Panins
On the Panin/Hominin Split
Beyond the Nest: The First Hominins Emerge
Pliocene Ancestors: The Australopithecines
"Man the Tool-Maker"?
Big Strides after 2.5 Million Years Ago: Early Homo
The Origins of Human Behavior
3. Out of Africa
Pleistocene Chronology: The Basics
The Pleistocene Glacial-Interglacial Cycles, and Hominin Migration to Asia
Escaping the Homeland
Early Exits from Africa: How Many?
Early Pleistocene Homo Reaches North Africa and Asia
Homo erectus: Getting to China and Java
The Enigma of Flores Island
Luzon, the Philippines
The Handiwork of Homo erectus and Its Contemporaries
4. New Species Emerge
Understanding the Course of Human Evolution
Homo antecessor in Europe
The Mysterious Homo heidelbergensis
The Acheulean
The "Big Three" Species of the Later Middle Pleistocene
The Neanderthals
The Denisovans and the Harbin Human Group
Neanderthals and Denisovans: Braving the Cold and Painting the Walls?
What about the Other Middle Pleistocene Hominins?
5. The Mysterious Newcomer
Here Comes Homo sapiens
The Riddle of Early Homo sapiens
The Emergence of Homo sapiens: Skulls and Genes
Beyond Africa, with a Mystery
The Emergence of Homo sapiens: Archaeology
The Upper Paleolithic in Eurasia
Homo sapiens and the Extinction of the Neanderthals
The Spread of Homo sapiens toward Eastern Eurasia
Onward to Sahul
When Was Australia Settled?
How Was Australia Settled?
How Many First Australians?
A Beyond-Africa Scenario
Lingering Mysteries: A Personal Tale
6. Stretching the Boundaries
Braving More Cold: Northeast Asia and the Americas
Upper Paleolithic Japan
A Japanese Origin for the First Americans?
Getting to America
Evidence for the First Americans
Languages and the First Americans
Genetics and the First Americans
Population Y?
South of the Ice
The Holocene Settlement of Arctic Canada: Paleo-Inuit and Thule Inuit
7. How Food Production Changed the World
What Was Ancient Food Production?
The Advantages of Food Production
The Ancient Domesticated Species That Still Feed Us Today
The Homelands of Food Production
Coincidence?
What Did Humans Do to Plants and Animals in Order to Make Them Domesticated?
Did the First Farmers Promote Plant and Animal Domestication Deliberately?
Why Domestication?
8. Homelands of Plant and Animal Domestication
The Fertile Crescent
The Natufian
The Fertile Crescent Neolithic
Cyprus
A Land of Demographic and Cultural Growth
The Transformation of the Fertile Crescent Neolithic
Early Farmers in East Asia
Millets and Rice
Major Trends in the East Asian Neolithic
The East Asian Neolithic Population Machine
The African Sahel and Sudan
The Saharan Humid Phase
Farmers and Herders from the Fertile Crescent
Savanna and Parkland
The Domesticated Economy behind the Bantu Migrations
Highland New Guinea
An Equatorial Homeland of Agriculture
The American Homelands of Agriculture
America's First Farmers
South America: The Andes and Amazonia
Mesoamerica
The Eastern Woodlands of the United States
The Story So Far
9. Voices from the Deep Past
The Early Farming Dispersal Hypothesis
Understanding the Human Past through Language
Why Are Language Families Important for Reconstructing Prehistory?
Do Language Families Equate with "People"?
The Origins of Language Families
The Spreads of Language Families: A Comparative Perspective from Recent History
Did Elite Dominance Spread Languages?
Onward toward a Global Prehistory of Human Populations
10. The Fertile Crescent and Western Eurasia
Early Fertile Crescent Villagers
Neolithic Migration across Europe, 7000 to 4000 BCE: The Archaeology
Neolithic Migration across Europe: The Genetics
Migrations from the Eastern Fertile Crescent
Early Farmers in South Asia
Europe and the Steppes
The Contentious Prehistory of the Indo-European Language Family
Did Yamnaya People from the Pontic Steppes Spread the Oldest Indo-European Languages?
South Asia beyond the Indus Valley
South India and the Dravidian Language Family
What Happened Next in Southwest Asia?
11. Asia-Pacific Adventures
Ancient Human Populations of East Asia and Sahul
Plotting the Course of Transeurasian Dispersal
The Yellow River and the Sino-Tibetan Language Family
Southern China and the Neolithic Settlement of Mainland Southeast Asia
The Austroasiatic Mystery
The Austronesians
Lessons from the Austronesians
Malayo-Polynesians and Papuans
The Settlement of Polynesia
Rice versus Yams?
12. Africa, Australia, and the Americas
The African Continent
Afro-Asiatic Migrations from the Southern Levant into North Africa
The Transformation of Sub-Saharan Africa
The Bantu Diaspora
The Australian Continent
The American Continents
Holocene Migrations in the Americas
North American Hunter-Gatherers on the Move
Farming Spreads in the Americas: Some Examples
Algonquians and Uto-Aztecans
13. Ape to Agriculture
Did Food Production Change the Rules?
Acknowledgments
Notes
Index

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